US534854A

US534854A - Steam-engine

Info

Publication number: US534854A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1895-02-26
Anticipated expiration: 1912-02-26

Description

(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 11.

M. O. BULLOCK.

STEAM ENGINE;

No. 584,854. Patented Feb. 26, 1895.

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' MFG. BULLOCK.

STEAM ENGINE. No. 534,854. Patented Feb. 26, 1895.

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7 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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G. BULLOCK.

STEAM ENGINE. I Patented Feb. 26, 1895.-

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(No Model.)

STEAM ENGINE.

Patented Feb. 26, 1895.

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(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Shet 7.

- M. G. BULLOCK.

STEAM ENGINE.

" No. 534,854. Patented Feb. 26, 1895.

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MILAb C. BULLOCK, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

STEAM-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 534,854, dated February 26, 1 895.

Serial No.4'78,148. (N model.)

T0 at whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MILAN C. BULLOCK, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Iinprovements'in Steam-Engines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had. to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in reciprocating-steam engines of that class in which steam is supplied to the cylinder through a hollow piston-rod in which is located the steam-valve of the engine.

The engine herein shown as embodying my invention is of that kind known as a doubletandem compound engine, the same embracing vertically arranged cylinders supported on a common base, two piston rods and a single crank-shaft mounted in the base and provided with two cranks on which the piston rods severally act, the pistons being moved in one direction only by the steam pressure within the cylinders, and return stroke of the pistons being accomplished by the action of the crank-shaft.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating my invention, Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of a triple expansion engine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section taken axially through both cylinders. Fig. 3, is a sectional plan view taken on line 3-3 of Figs. 1 and 2. Fig.4 is a sectional plan view taken on line 4-4 of Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 5, is a detail sectional elevation taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6, is an enlarged detail section of the upper end of one of the upper cylinders of the engine. Fig. 7, is a plan section taken on line '77 of Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a plan section taken on line 82 of Fig. 6. Fig. 9 is a plan section taken on the line 9-9 of Fig. (3. Figs. 10 and 11 are views in side elevation of telescopic connecting sleeveslbywhich motion is transmitted to the cut-off valves. Fig. 12, is a sectional view of the sleeve shown in Fig. 11 taken on line 1212 of said Fig. 11. Fig. 13, is a detail view in side elevation of the main valve, of the upper cylinder and a sleeve by which it is actuated. Fig. 14:, is a plan section taken on line 14-44. of Fig. 13. Fig. 15 is a view in side elevation of a sleeve by which the main valve is actuated. Fig. 16, is a detail view of the main valve bushing. Fig. 17 is a sectional elevation ofa form of engine somewhat modified from that previously shown. Fig. 18 is a vertical sectional detail on line 18-18 of Fig. 19. Figs. 19, and 21 are horizontal sectional details on lines 19-19, 2020, and 21-21 of Fig. 17. Fig. 22 is a sec- ,tional elevation of a further modification of the engine.

taken on line 2323 of Fig. 22.

As shown in said drawings, A indicates the base of the engine which has the form of a hollow casting adapted to contain some of the operative parts of the engine and within which is mounted horizontallythe main crankshaft B, which is provided with two cranks B, B.

C, C, are two upright cylinders affixed to the top of the base casting A, and provided below their upper ends with integral partitions or diaphragms C, C, which constitute the heads of the cylinders proper. These cyl-' inders are open at their lower ends and communicate with the interior of the hollow base casting which is provided with openings in its top wall preferably somewhat larger than the interior diameter of the cylinder, and has, below its top, a horizontal partition or diaphragm A which forms an exhaust passage or receiver for exhaust steam, and is provided with an exit-pipe A for the discharge of exhaust steam from the engine. Said cylinders, C, 'C in their parts below the horizontal partitions or diaphragms C, C, constitute the low pressure cylinders of the engine.

D, D, are other cylinders which are smaller than, and are affixed to, the tops of the cylinders C, C. Said cylinders D, D, are provided at points below their upper ends with horizontal partitions or diaphragms D D forming the cylinder heads, the parts of said cylinders below the diaphragms constituting the intermediate cylinders of the engine. 'Said cylinders D, D, open at their lower ends into the cylinders C, C, above the diaphragms C, C, thereof.

E, E, indicate other cylinders which are located above and are affixed to the upper ends 'of the cylinders D, D, and which are smaller in diameter than said cylinders D, D. Said Fig. 23 is a horizontal section cylinders E, E, are provided near their upper ends with horizontal partitions or diaphragms E,E, constituting the heads of the cylinders.

The cylinders E, E, are open at their lower ends, and communicate with the upper ends of the cylinders D, D, above the diaphragms therein. The parts of the cylinders E, E, below the diaphragms constitute the high-pressure cylinders of the engine.

The upper parts of the cylinders D, D, above the diaphragmsD,D,constitutesteam-chambers or receivers between the high-pressure cylinders E,E, and the intermediate-pressure cylinders D, D, and similarly the upper parts of the cylinders G, 0, above the diaphragms O, 0, thereof, constitute steam-chambers or receivers between the cylinders D, D, and the low-pressure cylinders O, C.

The upper ends of the high-pressure cylinders E, E, are closed by means of castings or heads I, I, which form with the upper parts of the said cylinders and the diaphragms or partitions E,E'therein,steam-chests or chambers I at the upper ends of the high-pressure cylinders. Steam is supplied to said steamchests by means of a horizontal steam-supplypipe, 1 connected at it its ends with both of the heads I, I, and provided preferably with a central flange-neck I for the attachment of the main-steam-supply pipe leading from the generator.

As herein shown and preferably constructed the steam-pipe I is castintegrally with the heads I, I, and forms a horizontal passage through which pass rods for giving motion to the main and cut-off valves of the engine.

0 D and E are pistons located severally within the cylinders C, D and E.

F, F, are hollow or tubular piston -rods which pass through the several cylinder-heads or diaphragms O, D and E and to which the several pistons 0 D and E are attached. The said piston rods are herein shown as made in several separate parts or sections F, F F and F of which the part F is attached to the piston C and serves to conn ectthe same with the crank-shaft, the part F connects the piston C with the piston D the part F connects the piston D with the piston E and the part F is attached to the piston E and extends into the steam-chest I. The several diaphrams C,D and E are provided with glands or packing 0, cl, and e to make tight joints around the piston-rod.

The upper part or section F of the pistonrod, is herein shown as consisting of two short tubular sections or tubes, J and K of which the lower one J is immovably secured to the piston E and the upper one K, is adapted to rotate for a purpose hereinatter described. The hollow piston-rod is provided with steam-ports f, f located respectively above and below the upper piston E ports f and f located above and below the piston D and ports f and f above and below the piston 0 for the admission and exit of steam to and from the several cylinders and receivers.

Within the base casting A, are located two vertically arranged air-cylinders G, G, arranged beneath the low-pressure steam-cylinders O, G, axially in alignment with the same,

and between the said low pressure cylinders and the crank-shaft. Within the air-cylinders G, G, are located pistons G, G, to which the lower ends of the piston rods F, F, are attached. The air-cylinders G, G, are closed at their upper and open at their lower ends and the lower sections F F of the piston-rods F, F, pass through glands or packing boxes 9, g, in the heads g, g of said air-cylinders. The pistons G, G are connected with the cranks B, B of the crank-shaft by means of the connecting rods H, H, which are pivotally connected with the pistons by means of trans verse bearing-pins g g and are engaged with the crank-pins of the cranks in the usual manner. For compactness and convenience of construction, the pistons G, G have the form of hollow cylinders closed at their upper ends, and the upper ends of the connect ing rods 11, H, are located within the same, the bearing-pins 9 9 being inserted transversely through the opposite side Walls of the pistons. The air-cylinders and pistons therein thus constructed take the place of cross-head guides and cross-heads commonly employed in steamengines for the purpose of guiding the piston-rods. Said air-cylinders and pistons also serve as means of taking up the momentum of the pistons and piston-rods in their up-stroke and to maintain the connecting-rod in compression at all times during the up-stroke, it being obvious that a compression of the air between the pistons and the upper ends of the cylinders will gradually retard the movement of said piston-rods and connected parts in the up stroke of the pistons. The energy used in thus compressing the air for retarding the pistons is not lost for the reason that expansive action of the air is added to the effect of the steam-pressure in the subsequent down-stroke of the pistons. Said air-cylinders G, G, are provided with air inlet openings, 9 g for the purpose of allowing air to enter the cylinders at each downstroke of the pistons.

In the particular construction shown, the air-cylinders are sustained by the partition A, which is apertnred to receive the flanged upper ends of the cylinders, the heads g, g of which are secured to the cylinders by the same bolts u hich secure the latter to the partition; said heads g, g in this construction forming parts of the partition. A second partition A below the partition A, serves to give strength to the base and to hold in place the lower ends of the air-cylinders, which are adapted to fit closely in apertures therein.

The pistons of the several cylinders are actuated by steam acting in the upper ends of the cylinder only, which steam enters the top ends of several cylinders through the hollow or tubular piston-rods F, F, the steam passing from the steam-chest past the diaphragm E to the high pressure cylinder E through the open ended upper section F of the pistonrod, from the receiver or space above the diaphragm D past said diaphragm to the cylinder D through the piston-rod section F and from the receiver above the diaphragm 0 past said diaphragm to the low pressure cylinder G through-the piston-rod section F The exhaust steam in each case passesthrough central openings in the several pistons (which form in effect parts of the bore of the hollow piston-rod) from the space above the piston to the space below the same, each cylinder being in communication at its lower end with the upper compartment of the adjacent larger cylinder below it. Exhaust steam entering the upper parts of the cylinders O, and D in the up-stroke of the several pistons will be free to enter the lower parts of the cylinders D and E below the pistons therein so that the upper parts of said cylinders O, and D, above the diaphragms O, D together with the lower parts of the cylinders D and E below the pistons, in eifect constitute steam chambers or receivers between the cylinders.

The entrance of steam to and its exit from the several cylinders are controlled by means of valves, of which the movable parts are formed by valve plugs, L, L, L the said valveplugs being attached to a common valve-stem M which entends through the several hollow piston-rods and pistons and is attached at its upper end to the valve-plug L and at its lower end to the valve-plug L. Said valve-plugs operate in connection with portsf,f and f through which steam is admitted to and makes its exit from the several cylinders. In the case of the high-pressure cylinder E the ports f are formed in the stationary sleeve J, in the case of intermediate cylinder D, in the lower part of the piston-rod section F and the ports in the case of the low-pressure cylinder C, in the lower part of the piston-rod section F these several ports fif f being located adjacent to the several pistons E D and C Rotary motion is transmitted to the several valve-plugs through the medium of the upper valve-plug L and the sleeve K, which is rigidly attached to and turns with the said valveplug in a manner hereinafter described.

The several valve-plugs are provided with two sets of ports or passagesto wit: steam inlet ports,Z Z and Z which act in connection with the steam inlet ports f, and f to attord passage of steam from the hollow piston-rod to the several cylinders, and other recesses Z, Z and Z which constitute exhaust passages and act in connection with said ports f,f and f to allow the escape of the exhaust steam from the space within the cylinders above the pistons to the receivers between the cylinders. The escape of exhaust steam into and. its exit from the receivers take place through the ports f and f which are formed in the upper ends of the hollow piston-rod section F F adjacent to the under sides of the pistons D E and the escape of exhaust steam from the low-pressure cylinders 0 takes place through the ports f similarly formed in the lower piston-rod section F adjacent to the piston U To now refer in detail to the construction of the several valves L, L and L it will be noted that these valves are practically alike in construction and operation so that a description of one will serve for all. For convenience the construction of the upper valve L will be described in detail the same being more fully and clearly illustrated'on a larger scale in Figs. 6, 13, 14 and 16. In this connection itis to be notedthat the short pistonrod section or tube J shown in these figures corresponds in all respects with the lower ends of the piston-rod sections F and F said tube J being rigidly attached to the piston E and being provided with ports which. operate in connection with the valve-plugs in the same manner as in the case of said piston-rod sections.

As clearly seen in Figs. 13 and 14, passages or recesses Z, Z of the valve-plug L are arranged equidistant from each other around the curcumference of the plug, opening at the outer surface thereof; the recesses Z, Z, being arranged in alternation with the recesses Z, Z. Said recesses Z, Z open through the top of the plug so as to conduct steam from the space above the plug to the portsf, which in this case are three in number, and arranged equidistant from each other around the piston-rod, while the recesses Z, Z,open through the bottom of the plug so as to conduct steam from said ports f to the ports f; suitable openings 6 being formed in. the piston E to permit the passage of steam past the latter. In the operation of the valve, the plug is swung or oscillated through an angular distance equal to the distance apart of the centers of the recesses Z, Z" so that first one set and then the other set of said recesses will be brought opposite the several ports f. In the particular construction shown the plug is provided with six recesses in all, three of them Z, Z, Z opening in the top of the plug and the other three Z, Z, Z opening through the bottom of the plug, (Fig. 13) and a plug thus constructed will be oscillated or swung through an arc of one sixth of a circle when in operation.

As shown in the drawings, Figs. 2 and 6, the pl ug L is in position forthe admission ofsteam to the cylinder E, the steam at such time passing from the space within the tube K, downwardly through the passage Z and then laterally outward through the portsfto the space within the cylinder above the piston. E.

In order to provide ample area for the passage of steam with a minimum of oscillatory movement in the valve, the portsfare made of considerable length vertically and relatively narrow, this construction also having the advantage of giving the ports sufficient area without unduly weakening the piston-rod in which they are formed. Inasmuch as the piston is arranged to come close to the cylinder head or diaphragm E when at the upward limit of its stroke, (this being done in order to avoid waste of steam) the portsf, being of considerable vertical length, will necessarily extend upwardly into the piston-head or diaphragm when the piston is at the upperlimit of its stroke, as seen in Figs. 2 and 6. This is, however, of no consequence in the operation of the engine for the reason that an ample supply of steam will be afforded for securing the initial return movement of the piston, and the piston will move a suflicient distance to entirely uncover the said ports f or to bring the same entirely within the cylinder before the piston will have reached such a speed as to require the delivery of steam so rapidly as to require the full area of the ports.

The cylindric surface of the valve-plug L as clearly seen in Fig. 13, is provided with packing Z extending continuously along the face of the plug between the recesses Z, Z and across the ends of the same, said packing serving to prevent the escape of steam from the live steam to the exhaust ports.

In the case of the upper valve-plug L above described, the exterior surface of the plug is continuous or cylindric at its upper end, where the plug is joined to the sleeve K above the same, so that the lateral openings of the passages Z, Z, communicate with the space above the plug by a closed passage as clearly seen in Fig. 6. The plugs L, L of the lower valves differ from the plug L in this particular, the

passages Z, Z (which correspond with the passagesZof the plug L) being in the case of said plugs, L, L extended to the top of the plug in the same manner that the passages Z, Z' of the plug L and the passages Z Z of the plugs L, L open through the bottoms of the said plugs. The exhaust opening e formed through the piston E and the corresponding openings 0 and d of the pistons D G are preferably made of the same size as the passages Z, Z Z of the valve plugs and are arranged in angular positions corresponding with the ports 1, f f so that when the upper parts of said passages or recesses Z, Z Z are opposite the ports f, f f f the lower ends of said recesses will register with said openings 0, d and e.

The tube J is shown as being attached to the upper piston E by means of a flange on the lower end of said tube which flange fits within a circular concentric recess in the piston and is held in place therein by means of a plate 6 secured to the upper surface of the piston and serving also to hold in place the piston packing. The piston-rod sections F F are shown as similarly attached at their lower ends to the pistons 0 D by means of plates 0 d The upper ends of said pistonrod sections F F F are shown as secured to the pistons 0 D and E by means of outwardly extending flanges which rest in the concentric recesses in the lower surfaces of the pistons and are held therein by means of segmental rings c ,-cZ e fitting around the piston-rods and bolted to the pistons as shown. In the particular construction illustrated the plates 0 d 6 0 d 6 are secured to the pistons by bolts extending through the said several parts in the manner clearlyshown in the drawings.

The several valve plugs L, L, L being attached rigidly to the valve stem M, said plugs are operated simultaneously by the turning of the valve-stem and the valve-plugs as well as the steam inlet and exhaust ports in the hollow piston-rods, being arranged in the same manner, or in the same angular position in the several valves, it follows that when the valve-plugs are turned in one position, steam will be admitted simultaneously to all of the cylinders, and when the several plugs are turned in the opposite direction the steam supply will be cut-off simultaneously from all of the cylinders and exhaust steam will be allowed to escape from the space above to the space below said pistons.

Inasmuch as the several valve-plugs and the valve-stem connecting the same are located within and move with the piston-rod, the devices for turning or giving oscillatory movement to the several valves are connected with the same by non-rotating but longitudinally sliding connections so as to leave the valves free to reciprocate with the piston-rod, while controlling their rotary movement. Devices for this purpose are herein shown in Figs. 1 to 16 as located at the upper ends of the upper or high-pressure cylinders and as formed in part by the tubes J and K which constitute the upper ends of the hollow piston-rod and through which, as hereinbefore described, steam is admitted to the upper cylinder from the steam-chest above the same. The presence of the tube K, arranged to form the upward extension of the tube J, and of such length as to extend from the piston E upwardly through the diaphragm E at the time said piston is at the lower end of its stroke, is obviously necessary in order that steam may be conducted from the steam-chest past the cylinder-head E to the upper end of the cylinder E at all times during the downward stroke of the piston. In this connection the said tube K performs the same function as do the parts of the hollow piston-rods above the lower pistons, (namely, as far as the supply of steam to the cylinders is concerned,) but said tube K when made separate from the sleeve J and arranged to turn or rotate with the upper valves L as in the instance illustrated, performs a separate and additional function, to wit: that of transmitting to the valve-plugs oscillatory motion from suitable actuating devices located within the steam-chest at all times during the stroke of the piston. The device for giving oscillatory motion to the said sleeve K employed in the construction shown, consists generally of an open ended sleeve N located within the steam-chest and adapted to oscillate about an axis concentric with the longitudinal axes of the main valves, but having no endwise movement, and which is of sufficient size to permit the passage through it of the tube K, which has endwise sliding but non-rotating connection with said sleeve, so that these parts have a telescopic connection allowing the sleeve K to reciprocate freely, while oscillatory movement may be transmitted continuously from said sleeve to the tube K. The said tube K is shown as connected with the sleeve N by means of on twardly extending lugs or prongs k, k, k, at the upper end of the said tube, which prongs engage vertical guide-grooves n, 11,91 formed in the inner surface of said sleeve N, as clearly seen in the drawings, Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9. Said sleeve N is shown as provided at its lower end with a horizontal flange. 'n' which rests on the top of the diaphragm or cylinder-head E, the sleeve being held in position by means of an annular guide flange n which engages the outer margin of the flange n which guidetlange in the particular construction shown, is formed on the outer marginof a plate N which is bolted to the top Surface of the diaphragm E and serves to hold in place the packingeof said diaphragm. The said sleeve N is held downwardly upon its seat or prevented from rising during the reciprocatory movement of the tube K engaged. therewith, by means of a horizontal bearing surface 1 formed on the horizontal top wall of the steam-chest I as clearly seen in Fig. 6.

Oscillatory movement may be given to the sleeve N by any suitable actuating device, the drawings showing one practicable and desirable form of such actuating device, as will be hereinafter described. The said sleeve N is cut away or provided with openings n between the vertical guide grooves 11, n, so as to permit free access of steam from the steamchest to the upper end of the tube K and said tube is cut away or provided with notches is, 7.2 at its upper end between the lugs 70, 7c, 70, so as to afford ample space for access of steam when the sleeve is at the upward limit of its movement, at which time the upper end of the sleeve is near the top wall of the steam-chest andlittle room would be afforded for access of steam were it not for the notches 7t, This particular construction is used, however, solely to reduce the size or height of the steam' chest, it being obvious that if the steam'ehest were made somewhat higher ample space could be afforded for the inflow of steam to the upper end of the sleeve K without any other special provision for this purpose.

The valve which controls the inlet and exhaust ports of the high-pressure cylinder E differs from the other valves, not. oniyin having connected with it the tube K by which oscillatory motion is transmitted to all of the valves, but also in having an added valvering 0, Figs. 6 and 9, which constitutes the movable part of a cut-off valve and which is interposed between the ports of the valveplug L and the steam space of the steam-chest and is adapted to be oscillated independently of said valve-plug L, so as to afford a means of controlling the steam-supply to the highpressure cylinder in accordance with the work to be done by the engine, thereby securing the results commonly produced by what are known as cut-off valves. The valve-ring O rests upon the top of the plug L and is provided with a plurality of ports, 0, o, corresponding in size and distance apart with the passages Z, Z, Z of the valve-plug. Said plug is provided with a suitable seat for the valvering, adapted to hold the same in place and to allow it to be turned concentrically with the valve. In the particular construction shown, the valve-plug is provided with a central bearing-shoulder Z which engages the inner margin of the valve-ring O, and the valvering is held in place on its seat by a thimble O which is placed over the end of the valvestem M which projects above the plug L and is made of sufficient diameter at its lower end to extend over the inner part of the said valve-ring O in the manner shown, said thimble 0' being held in place by a nut 0 on the upper end of the valvestem in the manner shownin the drawings Fig. 6.

For the purpose of giving oscillatory motion to the valve-ring O,devices are provided substantially like those used for giving motion to the main valves, the same consisting generally of a tube P, attached to the outer margin of the valve-ring O, and fitting within the tube K,and a sleeve Q located within the sleeve N-and which has vertically sliding but non-rotating connection with the tube P, and is mounted to freely oscillate in the valvechest, butis restrained from endwise movement, therebyatfording a means of communicating oscillatory movement to the valve-ring O notwithstanding the up and down or reciprocatory movement of said valve-ring with the piston, main valve and connected parts. For securing sliding engagement of the tube P with the sleeve Q, said tube P is provided with inwardly extending lugs, 19,1), which engage corresponding guide-grooves q, q, formed on the outer surface of the sleeve Q as clearly seen in Figs. 7 and 8. Inasmuch as the tube P fits within the tube K and to some extent reduces the internal area of said tube and the space for the downward passage of the steam through the same, said tube P as clearly seen in Fig. 11, is preferably apertured or made of skeleton form or in the shape of a cylindric grating, so as to occupy as little space as pos sible consistent with the proper strength. As shown in the drawings, the walls of the tube are cut away to form vertical slots 19' p between the

projections

19,19, Figs. 8 and 11 the slots thus formed being extended to points near the upper end of the tube so that they will reach considerably above the lower ends of the notches 70', it" in the tube K and thus afford free and unrestricted flow of steam past or around the upper end of the tube P, and throughout the full length of the tube K.

The sleeve Q is preferably supported by being hung by a pivotal hearing at its upper end from the top wall of the steam-chest. A pivotal support for the said sleeve is herein shown as formed by a pivot-bolt R, which is secured in the top wall of the steam-chest I, and passes through a central bearing aperture in the closed upper end of the sleeve Q, said bolt having a nut or shoulder 'r at its lower end which engages the closed upper end or head of the said sleeve Q, and thereby supports the said sleeve. Anti-friction bearingrings r,r are shown as placed between the nut a" and the head of the sleeve Q, to lessen friction in the turning of the sleeve. An anti-friction bearing is also shown as provided between the top wall of the steam-chest and the upper end of the sleeve Q, the same consisting of two rings W, T and interposed anti-friction rollers r such anti-friction bearing beingfor the purpose oftaking the upward thrust which may be produced during the up-stroke of the piston by frictional engagement of the tube? with the sleeve Q. A similar anti-friction bearing roller may be employed to take the downward thrust or weight of the sleeve Q, in place of the plates or washers r, r illustrated in the drawings. The bolt R is shown as extending through the top wall of the steam-chest and as secured in place by means of a collar r engaging the inner surface of the top wall of the steam-chest, and a nut r placed on the end of the bolt above said top-wall. To avoid possibility of escape of steam around the bolt, which thus passes through the wall of the steam-chest, a screwcap R is shown as applied over the end of the bolt in the manner illustrated in Fig.

Inasmuch as the sleeve Q extends downwardly within the tubes K and P and there fore occupies part of the space within the said tubes which would otherwise be free for the passage of steam to the main valve, said sleeve Q is slotted or provided with lateral openings giving it the form of a grating, so as to permit the free circulation of steam through the interior of the said sleeve Q and giving it a larger space for its downward passage to the main-valve.

The sleeves P and Q obviously afford a means of giving rotary motion to the cut-off Valve-ring 0, independently of the oscillatory movement of the main valve and notwithstanding the reciprocatory or up and down movement of the cut-off valve and parts on which it is mounted; it being obvious that by the employment of suitable connections to give oscillatory movement to the sleeve Q, the said cut-off valve may be rotated at such times and in such manner as may be neces sary for securing the desired results in the regulation of the steam supply to the engine.

To now describe the devices shown in said Figs. 1 to 16 for transmitting motion from the exterior of the steam-chests to the sleeves N and Q, and by which oscillatory motion is given to the main and cut-off valves, these parts are constructed as follows:

S, T, (Figs. 3 and 5) are two horizontal rods which pass through the steam-chest and the connecting pipe I at one side of the oscillat ing sleeves referred to and which extend at their ends outwardly through the wall of the steam-chest, suitably packed joints being provided to prevent the escape of steam around the rods. One of the said rods S, is herein shown as having the form of atube S at its end which passes through the wall of the steam-chest while the other rod T,is shown as passing through the tubular part S of the rod S and through a gland or packing box 5' at the outer end of the tubular part S of said rod, said tubular part similarly passing through a packing box '5, in the said wall of the steam-chest, this construction being used in order to avoid the necessity of making two packing boxes in the steam-chest. At its end opposite that which passes through said wall of the steam-chest, the rod S is shown as provided with a tube S which slides in a guide-passage formed in the tubular extension t" of the steam-chest, while the adjacent end of the rod T, is held or guided by engagement with said tubular part S of the rod. The sleeves N, N, of both valves are formed with radial arms N, N which are connected with the rod T by links T, T so that endwise movement of said rod, T, will give oscillatory movement to the said sleeves N, N. Similarly the sleeves Q, Q, which give motion to the cut-off valves are provided with radial arms Q, Q, which are connected with the rod S by means of links S S Means for giving motion to the actuatingrods T and S of the main and cut-off valves are provided as follows: On the main crankshaft B are mounted two eccentrics U and V, of which the eccentric U is rigidly attached to the shaft, and the eccentric V is adapted to be turned or partially rotated upon the shaft In connection with said eccentric V is employed a governing device, herein shown as having the form of a fly-wheel governor, for controlling the movement and determining the position of said eccentric. With the eccentrics U and V are connected in the usual manner two eccentric-rods U and V, the upper ends of which are connected with IIO and give motion to two rock-shafts W and X uating-rod '1 and the rock-shaft X is provided with two similar upward extending arms 00', x, which are connected by links m with the outer end S of the actuating-rod S. rock-shafts and arms therein, arranged as described, obviously constitute in effect bellcrank levers by which the vertical motion of the eccentric-rods is transmitted to the valveactuatingrods S and T. The connecting devices constructed as described, obviously serve to transmit motion from the two eccentrics U and V to the valve actuating rods 8 and T, continuously and uniformly during the operation of the engine.

The fly-wheel governor which operates the eccentric V is herein shown as applied to the fly wheel or belt-pulley B of the engine, and embracing the following parts: Said eccentric is attached to or formed on a sleeve V which is mounted on the shaft B adjacent to the said pulley l3 and is provided with a rigidly attached radial arm n (Figs. 1 and 2). Pivotally mounted at one side of the pulley B is a lever which carries a weight 0) at one end and is connected at its opposite end by by a link 1: with the arm 42 of the eccentric sleeve. A spring V attached to the wheelrim, is connected with the end of the lever V by means of a strap or cord '0 and thereby holds the weight normally at theinward limit of its movement. The parts are so adjusted that when the weight is drawn inwardly by the spring, the eccentric will be shifted to a position to hold the cut-off valve in position to give a minimum admission of steam to the high-pressure cylinders but as the speed of the engine increases, the centrifugal action of the weight o moves the lever V in opposition to the action of the spring so as to shift the eccentric V which controls the cut-oflf valve relatively to the eccentric U, which operates the main-valve, so as to cut-off the steam supply at such point in the stroke of the piston as is desired.

It is to be noted that while the hollow piston-rod herein shown is made inseveral separate parts or sections which are separately attached to the several pistons and which communicate with each other through openings formed in the central parts of the pistons, yet the several sections constitute in effect one hollow continuous piston rod, it being clear that the structure is such that the exhaust steam from each cylinder passes through one part of the hollow piston-rod to the adjacent receiver, and that steam from the receiver passes through another part of the piston-rod to the cylinder; the steam passing through the same set of ports or openings in both entering and making its exit from the cylinder and receiver. As far as the operation of the main features illustrated are concerned, therefore, it is not essential that the central parts of the pistons should be made continuous or integral with the external part thereof and providedwith ports or passages c, d, e, for the passage of The the exhaust steam, as shown, but the connection between the pistons and the piston-rod may be otherwise made and the parts may be otherwise constructed to alford passage for steam from the ports and the pistons to those below the same without departure from the spirit of my invention. The particular construction illustrated, is, however, a convenient and desirable one, especially when the particular arrangement illustrated of the valve plugs and connecting stem is employed. It will also be noted that the tubular parts or tubes, J and K, which in effect form the upper end or section of the hollow piston-rod, are arranged in the particular manner shown for the purpose of illustrating one way of giving rotary motion to a valve plug arranged as shown, and that, as far as the supply of steam from the steam-chest to the high pressure cylinder is concerned, the upper part or section of the hollow piston-rod may be constructed otherwise than as illustrated, and motion may be given to the movable part, of the valve otherwise than through the medium of a rotative or oscillatory part or section of the piston-rod. The employment of the upper section of the hollow piston-rod as a means of communicating oscillatory motion to the upper valve plug is, however a desirable and convenient one when the devices for actuating the valves are located within the steamchest, and this particular construction, together with other details illustrated, is herein claimed as part of my invention, although,

an engine containing some of the principal features of the invention may contain other devices for giving motion to the movable part of the valve.

A construction wherein motion is given to the valves through the medium of devices located elsewhere than within the steam-chest of the high-pressure cylinder, is shown in Figs. 17 to 21 of the drawings; the actuating devices in this case, being located within the exhaust chamber of the low-pressure cylinder. In this instance the upper section F of the piston-rod is attached directly to the upper piston and. is free or unobstructed in its upper part and without any devices for giving motion to the valve. The engine illustrated in said Fig. 17, having one cylinder only, the piston-rod consists of only two sections, to-wit, an upper section F and a lower section F which is attached directly to the piston of the air cylinder. The single valve L illustrated in this case, is like the valve L shown in the other figures of the drawings and is provided with similar steam inlet and exhaust ports Z 1 At the top of said valveplug L is located a cut-off valve consisting of a simple valve-disk 0 having openings 0 which operate in connection with steam inlet ports Z of said valve-plug. Motion is transmitted to the valve-plug L and plate 0 for actuating said parts, through the medium of a hollow stem L and a stem 0 located within the same; both of these parts being arranged to extend downwardly toward the lower part of the hollow piston-rod and being there attached to two disks L 0 which are mounted to turn within the piston-rod and are actuated by means of devices located outside of the piston-rod and connected with the said disks by connections extending through segmental slots or openings in the wall of said rod. The devices for giving such oscillatory motion to the disks L 0 are generally like those here inbefore described as employed for giving motion to the valve, the same comprising actuating-rods S and T, similar to the actuating rods S and T before described, but mounted in the base casting A instead of within the steam-chest of the high-pressu re cylinder and extending through the exhaust space in the cylinder 0 above'the partition A in said basecastings. An oscillating-ring L is mounted on the top wall of the air-cylinder G and is provided with two upwardly extending arms Z Z which have vertically sliding engagement with the ringL placed around the pistonrod and connected with the disk L by means of pins Z Z, (Fig. 19) secured in the said ring and disk and passing through horizontal slots f, f in the piston-rod. Said ring L is connected with the actuating rod T by means of a link if which has pivotal connection with an outwardly projecting lug on one of the arms Z as shown. A second oscillating ring 0 is mounted on the top of the air cylinder concentrically with the ring L and is provided with vertical arms 0 0 which have sliding engagement with a second ring 0 which surrounds the piston-rod below the ring L and is connected with the disk 0 by means of pins 0 which are fixed in the said ring and pass through horizontal slots fZf in the pisron-rod (Fig. 20). The ring 0 is connected with the actuating rod S by a link 3 which is pivoted to the upper surface of said ring as clearly seen in Fig. 21. As shown in the drawings, the ring 0 is held in place by a surrounding bearing ring 0 while the ring L is held in place by the said ring 0 which sur rounds and overlaps the same.

In the operation of an engine thus constructed, it is obvious that motion given to the actuating rod T by the eccentric on the engine-shaft is transmitted to the ring L so as to give oscillatory movement thereto, and that such oscillatory movement is transmitted to the disk L the valve-stemL and the valve at all times during the stroke of the pistonrod and that, similarly, the reciprocatory motion of the actuating rod S is transmitted to the ring 0 and from the same to the cut-oit valve through the medium of the ring 0 the disk 0 and the valve stem 0 An important part of my invention is embodied in a construction in which, in connection with a hollow piston-rod, is employed a valve for controlling the passage of steam through the said hollow piston-rod of which the movable part or that part which is actuated to effect the admission of steam to and its eXit from the cylinder, is adapted to turn about an axis of rotation coincident with the central longitudinal axis of the piston. A general advantage of this construction is that it enables such movable part of the valve to be easily actuated by the employment of a non-reciprocating part which is connected with the movable part of the valve through parts having sliding engagement with each other, so that said movable part of the valve is at all times under the control of the actuating devices notwithstanding that the valve partakes of the reciprocatory movement of the piston-rod and piston, and, inasmuch as the valve may be made to operate by the turning of some part other than a central valve plug, I do not desire to limit my invention to a construction in which the inner or central part of the valve is actuated, except-ing in those of the appended claims in which this feature ofconstructionis specifically set forth. The fact that the hollow piston-rod itself need not necessarily be non-rotative is clear from the construction illustrated in connection with means for supplying steam tothe uppermost or high pressure cylinder of the engine illustrated and for giving motion to the several valve-plugs, it being obvious that inasmuch as the tube K, forming the upper end of the hollow piston-rod, is made to turn or oscillate for the purpose of communicating motion to the valve-plug, the external, instead of the inner part of the valve, may be similarly turned for supplying steam to the upper or high-pressure cylinder, and motion given thereto, by the turning of the upper end of section of the hollow piston-rod. In this connection it may be stated that it is obviously not essential that the inner part or valve-plug should itself be" moved even when the piston-rod itself is non-rotative, because, while the steam ports are necessarily formed in the hollow piston-rod, yet the piston-rod proper and the ports therein need not necessarily form parts of the valves themselves, which may obviously be formed by parts located within thehollow piston-rod but adapted to control the passage of steam therethrough substantially in the same manner as in the case of the particular form of valve illustrated.

A construction in which the external part of the valve is the movable or rotative part thereof, and wherein the valve is formed entirely by means of parts other than the hollow piston-rod itself or the ports therein, is shown in Figs. 22 and 23. In this instance F is a tube located within the hollow piston-rod F and adapted to turn but not to move endwise therein, said tube being provided with openingsfEf arranged opposite the steam ports f ,f of the hollow piston rod and of such size or width that the turning of the tube will have no effect on the passage of steam through said ports. Vithin the tube F are located diaphragms F, F which constitute the movable parts of the valve and which are provided with'ports f f (Fig.23). Locatedcentrally within the hollow piston-rod is a non-rotating rod li herein shown as held from turning by being attached to the piston G of the air cylinder at the lower end of the piston-rod. Attached to said rod F are valve disks F", F located in contact with the upper surfaces of the diaphragms F and F and provided with ports F F which operate in connection with the ports in said diaphragms respectively. The valve formed by the diaphragm F and valve plate F is located above the steam exit ports f through which steam passes from the hollow piston-rod to the live steam spaceof the cylinder, and the valve consisting of the diaphragm F and valve plate F is located between the said ports f and the ports f 5 through which the exhaust steam enters the receiver. In the operation of the valve thus constructed, the tube F is given oscillatory movement and the diaphragms F and F turning with the said tube, operate in connection with the non-rotative disks F F to alternately admit the steam to and allow its exit from the cylinder; it being obvious that when the ports f and f are opposite each other steam will pass downwardly through the hollow piston-rod and enter the cylinder through the port), and that when the ports-f and f are in alignment exhaust steam may pass through thehollow piston-rod from the ports f to the ports f; it being of course understood that the ports admitting live steam to the cylinder are closed at the time those which allow the escape of exhaust steam are open, and vice versa. I have shown as a means of actuating the valves of said Figs. 22 and 23, the same device as is illustrated in Figs. 17 to 21,and which has been above described; the same embracing an oscillating ring 0 having vertical arms 0 which have sliding engagement with the ring 0", connected by pins 0 with a disk F which is secured in the lower end of the tube F The ring 0 is operated through the medium of an actuating rod '8 in the same manner as hereinbefore set forth, in connection with the other forms of engines illustrated.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination with a cylinder, of a piston therein a hollow piston rod attached to the piston and provided with steam ports, and a valve for controlling the passage of steam through said piston rod, the movable part of which is adapted to turn about an axis coincident with the central longitudinal axis of the piston rod, substantially as described.

2. The combination with a cylinder and a steam chest or receiver located adjacent to the end of the cylinder and separated from the same by a diaphragm or partition forming the cylinder head, of a piston within the cylinder, a hollow piston rod attached to the piston and passing through said diaphragm, said piston being provided with steam ports, and a valve for controlling the passage of steam through the hollow piston red the movable part of which is adapted to turn about an axis coincident with the central longitudinal axis of the piston rod, substantially as described.

3. The combination with high and low pressure cylinders and an intermediate receiver separated from the low pressure cylinder by a partition or diaphragm, pistons in said cylinders, a hollow piston rod carrying said pistons, said piston rod being provided with steam ports, and valves for controlling the passage of steam through said piston rod, the movable parts of which are adapted to turn about an axis coincident with the central longitudinal axis of said piston rod, substantially as described.

4. The combination with a cylinder, of a piston therein, a hollow piston rod attached to the piston and provided with steam ports, asteam valve controlling the passage of steam through the hollow piston rod the movable part of which turns on an axis coincident with the central longitudinal axis of the piston rod, and means for actuating said movable part of the valve embracing a non-reciprocating part connected with the said movable part of the valve by longitudinally sliding connections, substantially as described.

5. The combination with a cylinder, of a piston therein, a hollow piston rod attached to the piston and provided with steam ports, a steam valve the movable part of which is adapted to turn in the piston rod, means for actuating said valve embracing a non-reciprocating part connected with the movable part of the valve by sliding connections, substantially as described.

6. The combination with high and low pressure cylinders, of pistons in the cylinders, a hollow piston rod attached to said pistons and provided with steam ports, steam valves the movable parts of which are adapted to turn in the hollow piston rod, a valve stem connecting the movable parts of said several valves, and means for actuating the several valves embracing a non-reciprocating part which is connected with the valve stem through the medium of a longitudinally sliding connection, substantially as described.

7. The combination with a cylinder, of a piston therein, a hollow piston rod attached to the piston and provided with steam ports for the admission of steam to and its exit from the cylinder, and a valve plugtnrning in the piston rod and provided with steam inlet and exhaust recesses or passages arranged in alternation and adapted to operate in connection with said ports to control the admission of steam to and its exit from the cylinder, substantially as described.

8. The combination with a cylinder, of a piston therein, a steam chest, a hollow piston rod attached to the piston and extending into the steam chest, said piston rod being provided adjacent to the piston with steam ports, an oscillatory valve plug located within the piston rod and acting, in-connection with said ports,to control the passage of steam through the piston rod,that part of the piston rod re mote from the piston being attached to and adapted to turn with the valve plug, and a sleeve within the steam chest having longitudinally sliding but n-on-rotative connection with the part of the piston rod which is attached to the valve plug, and means for giving oscillatory movement to said sleeve, substantially as described.

9. The combination with a cylinder, of a piston therein, a hollow piston rod attached to the piston and provided with steam ports, a valve for controlling the passage of steam through said hollow piston rod the movable part of which is constructed to turn about an axis coincident with the central longitudinal axis of the piston rod, and a cut-cit valve the movable part of which is also constructed to turn about the same axis, substantially as de scribed.

10. The combination with a cylinder, of a piston therein, a hollow piston rod attached to the piston and provided with steam ports, a steam valve the movable part of which is adapted to turn in the piston rod, a cut-off valve, the movable part of which operates in connection with the movable part of the main valve, and means for actuating said main valve and cut-off valves, embracing concentric non-reciprocating parts or sleeves connected with the movable parts of said main and cut-oft valves through the medium of sliding connections, substantially as described.

11. The combination with a cylinder, of a piston therein, a steam chest, a hollow piston rod attached to the piston and extending into the steamchest, said piston rod being provided in its part adjacent to the piston steam ports, a main valve the movable part of which turns in said piston rod, that part of the hollow piston rod remote from the cylinder being attached to and turning with the said movable part of the valve, a cut-off valve the movable part of which operates in connection with the main valve, a sleeve attached to the movable part of the cut-off valve, and means for actuating said main valve and the cut-off valve comprising concentric, non-reciprocating sleeves having sliding connections with the movable part of the piston rod and with the said sleeve which is attached to the cutoff valve, substantially as described.

12. The combination with a cylinder, of a piston therein, a steam-chest, a hollow piston rod attached to the piston and extending into the steam chest, said piston rod being provided in its part adjacent to the piston with steam ports, a main Valve the movable part of which turns in said piston rod, that part of the hoilow piston rod remote from the cylinder being attached to and turning with the said movable part of the valve, a cu t-off valve embracing an oscillating part which operates in connection with the main valve, a sleeve attached to the movable part of the cut-off valve, and means for actuating said main valve and the cut-off valve comprising con-. centric non-reciprocating parts or sleeves having sliding connection with the movable part of the piston rod and with the said sleeve which is attached to the movable part of the cut-off valve, said sleeve which actuates the cut-off valve being pivotally supported upon the wall of the steam chest, substantially as described.

13. The combination with a cylinder, of a piston therein, a steam chest, a hollow piston rod provided with ports attached to the piston and extending into the steam chest, a valve-plug turning in the piston rod and provided with recesses or passages for live and exhaust steam, a cut-off valve, comprising an apertured valve-ring acting in connection with the valve-plug, and means for actuating said main and cut-off valves comprising nonreciprocating parts connected with the valves by longitudinally sliding connections, substantially as described.

14. The combination with a cylinder, of a piston therein a hollow piston rod attached to the piston and provided with steam ports, a crank shaft actuated by the piston rod, a valve for controlling the passage of steam through said piston rod of which the movable part is adapted to turn about an axis coincident with the central longitudinal axis'of the piston rod, a concentrically arranged non-reciprocating part connected with the movable part of the valve by longitudinally sliding connections and means for actuating said oscillatory and non-reciprocating part, comprising a longitudinally reciprocating actuating rod connected with the said oscillating part, and means actuated by the crank shaft operating to give endwise reciprocatory motion to said actuating rod, substantially as described.

15. The combination with a cylinder, of a piston therein, a hollow piston rod attached to the piston and provided with steam ports, a crank shaft actuated by the piston rod, a valve for controlling the passage of steam through said piston rod the movable part of which is adapted to turn about an axis coincident with the central longitudinal axis of the piston rod, a steam chest or receiver located adjacent to the end of the cylinder, an oscillatory but non-reciprocating sleeve located in said steam chest or receiver and having longitudinally sliding engagement with the movable part of the said valve, an actuating rod passing through said steam chest or receiver, and operative connections between the crank shaft and the actuating rod for operating the latter, substantially as described.

16. The combination with a cylinder, of a piston therein, a hollow piston rod attached to the piston and provided with steam ports, a crank shaft actuated by the piston rod, a valve for controlling the passage of steam through said piston rod the movable part of which is adapted to turn about an axis coincident with the central longitudinal axis of the piston rod, a steam chest or receiver cated adjacent to the end of the cylinder, an

oscillatory but non reciprocating sleeve located in said steam chest or receiver and having longitudinally sliding engagement with the movable part of the said valve, an actuating rod passing through the said steam chest or receiver, and operative connections between the crank shaft and the'said actuating rod for operating the latter, embracing an eccentric on the crank shaft, an eccentric rod, and a bell crank lever through the medium of which motion is transmitted from the eccentric rod to the said actuating rod, substantially as described.

17. The combination with a cylinder and a steam chest or receiver located adjacent to one end of the cylinder, of a piston within the cylinder, a hollow piston rod attached to the piston and entering said steam chest or receiver, said piston rod being provided with steam ports, a valve for controlling the passage of steam through the hollow piston red, the movable part of which is adapted to turn about an axis coincident with the central longitudinal axis of the piston rod, a cut-off valve the movable part of which is mounted to turn 18. The combination with a cylinder and a steam chest or receiver located adjacent to one end of the cylinder, of a piston Within the cylinder, a hollow piston rod attached to the piston and entering said steam chest or receiver, said piston rod being provided with steam ports, a valve for controlling the passage of steam through the hollow piston red, the movable part of which is adapted to turn about an axis coincident with the central longitudinal axis of the piston rod, a cut-off valve the movable part of which is mounted to turn about the same axis, non-reciprocating oscillatory sleeves located in said steam chest or receiver and connected with the said main and cut-off valves by parts having longitudinally sliding engagement with each other, a crank shaft actuated by said piston rod, a'ctuating rods passing through the steam chest or receiver and connected with said sleeves for giving oscillatory movement to the same, and operative connections between the crank shaft and the said actuating rods for giving motion to the latter, embracing eccentrics on -the crank shaft of which is one adapted to turn on the shaft, eccentric rods and bell crank levers through the medium of which motion is transmittedfrom the eccentric rods to the said actuating rods, and a speed governor connected with the movable eccentric for controlling the position of the latter, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I aftlx my signature in presence of two witnesses.

MILAN o. BULLOCK.

Witnesses:

O. CLARENCE POOLE, G. W. HIocrNs, Jr.