US532468A - Arthur d - Google Patents
Arthur d Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US532468A US532468A US532468DA US532468A US 532468 A US532468 A US 532468A US 532468D A US532468D A US 532468DA US 532468 A US532468 A US 532468A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- filaments
- cellulose
- carbon
- arthur
- organic acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 18
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 18
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229920002301 Cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000003917 Bambusa tulda Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- -1 as for instance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/318—Preparation characterised by the starting materials
- C01B32/324—Preparation characterised by the starting materials from waste materials, e.g. tyres or spent sulfite pulp liquor
Definitions
- My invention relates to the composition and manufacture of filaments for incandescent lamps, whereby the percentage of carbon contained in the filaments is increased, and consists in the employment of a compound of cellulose and an organic acid, as for instance, acetic acid or its anhydride, the re sulting product being subsequently formed into strips suitable for filaments, and then carbonized.
- a compound of cellulose and an organic acid as for instance, acetic acid or its anhydride
- Carbon filaments have heretofore been prepared from various fibrous materials, as bamboo, card board, cotton and linen thread, and from cellulose more or less nearly approaching a condition known as amorphous cellulose, by ignition of the material out of contact with the air, and subsequent exposure of the heated filaments to the vapor of hydrocarbons after the usual manner which is well known.
- the cellulose is treated with an organic acid or its anhydride, such for instance, as acetic anhydride, and the reagent thus employed, itself being composed largely of carbon, does not introduce any objectionable material which must thereafter be removed.
- an organic acid or its anhydride such for instance, as acetic anhydride
- the strips obtained by either method are then carbonized and flashed as usual.
- the cellulose acetate thus produced contains a large percentage of carbon, and the structure of the filament formed is therefore homogeneous, and no inequality appears in its resistance.
- the material for carbon filaments for incandescent lamps herein described consisting of a compound of cellulose and an organic acid.
- the material for carbon filaments for incandescent lamps herein described composed essentially of cellulose acetate, produced. by treating cellulose with acetic anhydride.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
ARTHUR D. LITTLE, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICAN VISCOSE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.
CARBON FILAMENT AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SAME.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 532,468, dated January 15, 1895. I Application filed June l8, 1 894. Serial No. 514,956. (No specimens.)
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, ARTHUR D. LITTLE, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Carbon Filaments and Methods of Manufacturing the Same, of which the following description is a specification.
My invention relates to the composition and manufacture of filaments for incandescent lamps, whereby the percentage of carbon contained in the filaments is increased, and consists in the employment of a compound of cellulose and an organic acid, as for instance, acetic acid or its anhydride, the re sulting product being subsequently formed into strips suitable for filaments, and then carbonized.
Carbon filaments have heretofore been prepared from various fibrous materials, as bamboo, card board, cotton and linen thread, and from cellulose more or less nearly approaching a condition known as amorphous cellulose, by ignition of the material out of contact with the air, and subsequent exposure of the heated filaments to the vapor of hydrocarbons after the usual manner which is well known.
It is difficult to prepare from cellulose, in its fibrous form, filaments which are entirely homogeneous in structure, and in which the carbon is distributed with precise uniformity throughout their lengths, and such inequalities of structure, and unequal distribution of the carbon cause the resistance of the filaments to vary at different points.
In accordance with this invention the cellulose is treated with an organic acid or its anhydride, such for instance, as acetic anhydride, and the reagent thus employed, itself being composed largely of carbon, does not introduce any objectionable material which must thereafter be removed.
In carrying out my invention I prefer to take a quantity of cellulose, with six to eight times its weight of acetic anhydride, and heat the same in a sealed tube, to say 180 centigrade, producing a solution of cellulose acetate, and then form the filament by forcing the solution thus obtained through a small aperture into water in which the cellulose acetate is insoluble, or by forming i into sheets of suitable thickness which may be done by pouring the solution upon glass, allowing it to dry, then dipping it into Water, and stripping off the sheet, and finally drying and cuttin git into strips. The strips obtained by either method are then carbonized and flashed as usual.
The cellulose acetate thus produced contains a large percentage of carbon, and the structure of the filament formed is therefore homogeneous, and no inequality appears in its resistance.
I claim 1. The material for carbon filaments for incandescent lamps herein described consisting of a compound of cellulose and an organic acid.
2. The material for carbon filaments for incandescent lamps herein described composed essentially of cellulose acetate, produced. by treating cellulose with acetic anhydride.
3. The method herein described of making filaments .for incandescent lamps which consists in heating cellulose with an organic acid to a high temperature, forming filaments of the product thus obtained, and subsequently carbonizing them.
In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.
ARTHUR D. LITTLE.
Witnesses:
B. J. NoYEs, FLORENCE H. DAVIS.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US532468A true US532468A (en) | 1895-01-15 |
Family
ID=2601239
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US532468D Expired - Lifetime US532468A (en) | Arthur d |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US532468A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4686096A (en) * | 1984-07-20 | 1987-08-11 | Amoco Corporation | Chopped carbon fibers and methods for producing the same |
-
0
- US US532468D patent/US532468A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4686096A (en) * | 1984-07-20 | 1987-08-11 | Amoco Corporation | Chopped carbon fibers and methods for producing the same |
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