US531371A - Brick-kiln - Google Patents

Description

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O.E.FROST.

BRICK KILN.

No. 531,371. Patented Dec. 25, 1894.

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0. E. FROST. BRICK KILN,

No. 531,371; Patented Dec. 25, 1894.

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I Nita STATES PATENT OFFICE.

. CHARLES E. FROST, OF NEW LISBON, OHIO.

BR lCK-KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming partof Letters Patent No. 531,371, dated December25, 1894.

:Application filed May 10,1894. Serial No. 510.78 (No m d l.

To all whom it may concern."

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. FRosr, a citizen of the United States, residing, at New Lisbon, in the county of Columbiana and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Brick- Kiln, of which the following is a specification..

This invention relates to brick kilns; and it has for its object to provide certain improvements in that class of kilns commonly known as down-draft kilns, whereby efficient means shall be provided for uniformly burning the brick, and particularly for burning the brick in the bottom of the kiln as hard as at the top, and with an economical amount of fuel.

To this end the main and primary object of [the present invention is to construct a down-draft kiln with a special arrangement of fiues and flooring whereby the bottom tiers of brick will be subjected to the same intensity of heat as the uppermost bricks, so that the burning will be accomplished quickly and uniformly.

With these and other objects in view, which will readily appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in the novel construction, combination,

and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described, illustrated and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings:-Figure 1 is a horizontal sectional view of a kiln constructed in accordance with this invention,

.the line of section being immediately above the floor of the kiln, aportion of which is omitted to showclearly the arrangement of the draft and stack flues in the bed of the kiln body. Fig. 2 is avertical sectional view on the line x-a: of FigJl. Fig. 3 is a similar bricks to be burned at one operation, and said kiln body is constructed in the same manner, with a closed top, as most all ordinary downdraft brick kilns, and in the present invention along the opposite side walls 2, of the kiln body are arranged a series of furnaces 3, that are constructed in the usual manner and provided with an ordinary grate for the support of the coal or fuel that is employed to fire the kiln.

The side walls 2, of the kiln body are pierced from end to end with an alternate series of fire arches 4 and -5, respectively, which fire arches open at one end into the rear sides of the furnaces 3, to conduct the heat and other products of combustion therefrom to the interior of the kiln body, within which the green bricks are adapted to be stacked in the ordinary manner.

The fire arches 4, that alternate'with the fire arches 5,1ead from the rear sides or ends of every alternate furnace, and communicate with the inner vertical side fines 6, formed between the inner sides of the kiln walls and the inner vertical flash walls 7, that are spaced from the inner sides of the side walls of the kiln and extend vertically from the floor line of the kiln to a point short of the top thereof, to provide means for carrying the heat and other products of combustion, that escape into the fines 6 from the fire arches 4, upwardly to the top of the kiln, and therefore to the top of the bricks therein, so that such heat and other products of combustion may be directed downwardly through the bricks in order to secure a uniform burning thereof.

It will'be understood that the arrangement of fire arches and inner side fiues that open inside of the kiln at the top thereof, are disposed-along and within the opposite sides of the kiln body, and the fire arches 5, of each opposite series, and which alternate with the fire arches 4, communicating with the fiues 6, lead from every alternate furnace, and piercing through'the side walls of the kiln,

open attheir inner ends into the kiln body directly above the flooring 8, therein. The flooring 8, of the kiln body is laid directly on the bed of the kiln body in the ordinary manner, and in thepresent invention the flooring is arranged in' parallel sections along the inner sides of each side wall of the kiln body, and said flooring is provided with or comprises alternate open or slatted and closed or dead portions 9 and 10, respectively, the closed or dead portions 10, of the flooring, being disposed directly opposite the inner ends of the fire arches 5, so that the brick that is supported'on the closed portions of the flooring will receive the direct heat from the said arches 5, whereby the lower portions of the brick stacked within the kiln body will be burned as quickly and uniformly as the top portions that receive the heat directly from the opposite inner vertical side flues 6.

The heat that is carried upwardly within the kiln by the side fines 6, passes downwardly through thestacked brick and escapes through the open or slatted portions 9, of the flooring, into the draft flues 11, arranged directly under and communicating with the openings of the open fioor portions. The draft fines 11, are arranged in a parallel series in the bed of the kiln body directly under the open or slatted portions of the flooring, and taking the heat and other products of combustion that escape thereinto through the open portions of the flooring, said fines lead such heat and other products of combustion inwardly to the center of the kiln body and into the main longitudinal bed fine 12. The fine 12, is formed in the bed of the kiln below the plane of the flooring at acentral point, and extends longitudinally from end to end, separating the kiln body into opposite side portions wherein are located the parallel sections of the flooring, it being noted that the open flooring and bricks span over the said bed flue when the kiln is set up for use.

From the above it will be seen that while there is a division of the heat that is carried into the kiln body, portions being carried directly into the bottom of the bricks over the closed portions of the flooring and other portions being carried to the top of the kiln, it will be observed that the main draft of the kiln is downwardly through the open floor portions 9, and into the fines 11 and 12, and after having taken this passage the heat and other products of combustion escape from the main longitudinal bed fiue 12, into the stack fines 13. The stack flues 13, are formed in the bed of the kiln and extend diagonally under the closed or dead portions of the flooring and into the kiln walls, Where they open at their outer ends into the lower ends of the main stack fines or stacks 14, that are inclosed in the opposite side walls of the kiln and extend upwardly above the top of the kiln to carry ofi the products of combustion after their utilization within the kiln body.

The kiln is filled in the ordinary manner through filling doors or openings 15, at opposite ends of the kiln body, and the burning proceeded with in the usual manner, but by reason of the specific construction and arrangement of the fiooringjherein described, the bricks will be burned uniformly throughout, at the top, bottom and intermediate portions, and if found necessary to supplement the wall flues or stacks 14, a supplemental stack 16, may be arranged at each end of the kiln body to communicate with each end of the main longitudinal bed due 12.

Changes in the form, proportion and the minor details'of construction may be resorted to without departing from the principle or sacrificing any of the advantages of this invention.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a brick kiln, the combination of the kiln body having opposite inner vertical side lines, a kiln flooring arranged on.the bed of the kiln and comprising alternate open and closed portions, a main longitudinal bed flue formed in the bed of the kiln below the flooring, a series of draft fines arranged directly under the open portions of the flooring and communicating with said bed flue, suitably arranged stack lines, and fire arches formed in the kiln walls and leading alternately into said vertical side fines and into the kiln body directly above the closed portions of the flooring, substantially as set forth.

2. In a brick kiln, the combination of the kiln body having opposite inner vertical side fines, and vertical stack flues formed in the side walls thereof, the opposite furnaces, a

kiln flooring arranged in parallel sections within the kiln body and comprising alter- -nate open and closed portions, a main longitudinal bed flue formed in the bed of the kiln centrally therein, a series of draft fines arranged directly under the open portions of the floor and opening at their inner ends into said main longitudinal bed flue, stack flues formed in the bed of the kiln under the closed portion of the floor and communicating with the main longitudinal bed fine and the stack flues in the kiln walls, and fire arches formed in the kiln walls and leading from said fnrnaoes alternately into the said side fines and into the kiln body over the closed floor portions, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES E. FROST.

Witnesses:

J. C. FROST, J. M. DICKINSON.

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