US5304A - Improvement in preparing and hardening raw hides - Google Patents
Improvement in preparing and hardening raw hides Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US5304A US5304A US5304DA US5304A US 5304 A US5304 A US 5304A US 5304D A US5304D A US 5304DA US 5304 A US5304 A US 5304A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- preparing
- improvement
- hide
- raw hides
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 16
- 210000003284 Horns Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 210000003491 Skin Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000019737 Animal fat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 208000008454 Hyperhidrosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010022114 Injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000004426 flaxseed Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035900 sweating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C1/00—Chemical treatment prior to tanning
- C14C1/08—Deliming; Bating; Pickling; Degreasing
Definitions
- TIMOTHY EARLE ASSIGNEE OF H. HALVORSON, OF LEICESTER, MASS.
- I commence my process by taking the raw hide and submitting it to what the tanners usually term sweating or putrefactionsufficient to remove the hair, orinstead thereof Iimmerse the hide in a solution of lime or alkali proper to remove the hair. I next place itin and submit it to the action of a boiling or hot bath of any powerful astringent and alkaline or other suitable substance sufficient to remove thea-nimal oil or fatty matter, and to full or millit up or make it thicker. So far as my experience goes, I iind sulphuric acid, salts of tartar, and alum dissolved in water to answer a good purpose.
- the hide thus prepared be designed for embossed work-- dyeing material or materials that will be proper to produce any desired color. It may be colored also in a manner to resemble tortoiseshell by such modes as are usually adopted to give to horn such an appearance.
- the oil in ebullition communicates a greater heat to the material than the astringent alkaline liquid does, in consequence of which it becomes indurated when cold and susceptible of ahigh pol- (v ish.
- the drying-oil penetrates the pores of thehide and takes the. place of the animal oil previously extracted, and by so doing not only renders the skin hard like horn, but guards it from the efiects of ordinary atmospheric changes, whether of temperature or moisture.
- an astringent solution may be dispensed with, it being only necessary in such case to employ the alkaline solution or some equivalent capable of removing the animal oil and extraneous matters, and afterward expose the skin or hide to the action of hot or boiling oil, all in the manner above set forth.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Description
, affected by atmospheric changes.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. I
TIMOTHY EARLE, ASSIGNEE OF H. HALVORSON, OF LEICESTER, MASS.
IMPROVEMENT IN PREPARING AND HARDENING RAW HIDES.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 5,30], dated September 25,1847.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, HALVOR HALVORSON,
of Leicester, in the State of Massachusetts,
have invented or discovered a new and useful process by which hides or skins of animals may be thickened and hardened or manufactured into a semi-transparentsubstance resembling horn, which may be used for many useful purposes in the arts; and I do hereby declare that the nature of my said discovery is fully described in the following specification.
I commence my process by taking the raw hide and submitting it to what the tanners usually term sweating or putrefactionsufficient to remove the hair, orinstead thereof Iimmerse the hide in a solution of lime or alkali proper to remove the hair. I next place itin and submit it to the action of a boiling or hot bath of any powerful astringent and alkaline or other suitable substance sufficient to remove thea-nimal oil or fatty matter, and to full or millit up or make it thicker. So far as my experience goes, I iind sulphuric acid, salts of tartar, and alum dissolved in water to answer a good purpose. I keep the hide in the solutioninastate of ebullition, and frequently agitate or stir the liquid, and bend and unbend or compress and open, or handle or work the hide by tongs, while it is under theinfluence of the bath, or I remove it from the hot bath, and having smeared my hands with oil or grease in order to protect them from injury from the caustic or other properties of the solution, I lay hold of the hide and squeeze and work itin various ways in order'to cause the liquid to penetrate it and properly act upon it so as to full or thicken it and remove the animal fat or oleaginous matter; or, instead of the above mode of proceeding, 1 make use of any suitable mech auical means by which the operation of the alkaline and astringent liquid may be facilitated, whether to remove the animal oil or to full or thicken the hide. After thus having fulled it to the desired thickness or completed the process of removing the extraneous animal oil, I rinse it in warm and clear water and dry it. At this stage of the process the hide retains its opacity and will be found to be very easily In damp weather it will absorb moisture and become more or less soft. In cold or dry weather it will resume-its hardness. Consequently while in this state it is unfit for many purposes. In order to render it semi-transparent and capable of resisting the influence of ordinary atmospheric changes, or that of a considerable degree of heat, I next immerse it in a caldrou of boiling or hot linseed 0r drying oil, or any other suitable vegetable or other oil possessingdrying qualities, and keep it therein (while the oil is boiling) until a white or yellowish scale or crisp begins to form on its surface. As soon as this is discoverable the hideshould be removed from the oil. While hotit will be found soft and pliable and capable of being made, pressed, or molded into various shapes.
When cold it will be found to have been changed or converted into a substance resembling iamany respects horn or tortoise-shell, and may be bored, turned, or filed or otherwise wrought like them or ivory.
I would hereremark that should the hide thus prepared be designed for embossed work-- dyeing material or materials that will be proper to produce any desired color. It may be colored also in a manner to resemble tortoiseshell by such modes as are usually adopted to give to horn such an appearance. The oil in ebullition communicates a greater heat to the material than the astringent alkaline liquid does, in consequence of which it becomes indurated when cold and susceptible of ahigh pol- (v ish. The drying-oil penetrates the pores of thehide and takes the. place of the animal oil previously extracted, and by so doing not only renders the skin hard like horn, but guards it from the efiects of ordinary atmospheric changes, whether of temperature or moisture.
Where it may not be required to full up or thicken a hide to its greatestextentof capacity the use of an astringent solution may be dispensed with, it being only necessary in such case to employ the alkaline solution or some equivalent capable of removing the animal oil and extraneous matters, and afterward expose the skin or hide to the action of hot or boiling oil, all in the manner above set forth.
What I claim as my invention or discovery is- The hereinbefore-described process of treating the skin orhide of animals orof thickening and converting it into a substance resembling horn, the same consisting in steeping or boiling it in an alkaline solution, an astringent s)- lution, or an alkaline and astringent solution,
and afterward submitting it to the action of hot or boiling oil, substantially as specified;
and, furthermore, as it may often not be desirable to full up or thicken the hide or skin, but simply to render it hard and semi-transparent, I claim to accomplish the same by steeping or boiling it in an alkaline solution and afterward in ahot or boiling drying-oil, as described.
In testimony whereof I have hereto set my signature this 9th day of January, A. D. 1847.
HALVOR HALVORSON.
Witnesses;
WM. GREENLEAF, CYRUS BAKER.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US5304A true US5304A (en) | 1847-09-25 |
Family
ID=2065605
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US5304D Expired - Lifetime US5304A (en) | Improvement in preparing and hardening raw hides |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5304A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP4124620A1 (en) | 2010-07-16 | 2023-02-01 | The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York | Aldose reductase inhibitors and uses thereof |
WO2023018795A1 (en) | 2021-08-11 | 2023-02-16 | Curtails Llc | Nep inhibitors for the treatment of laminitis |
WO2023039276A1 (en) | 2021-09-13 | 2023-03-16 | Curtails Llc | Use of ibat inhibitors and antimicrobials for the treatment of diseases |
-
0
- US US5304D patent/US5304A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP4124620A1 (en) | 2010-07-16 | 2023-02-01 | The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York | Aldose reductase inhibitors and uses thereof |
WO2023018795A1 (en) | 2021-08-11 | 2023-02-16 | Curtails Llc | Nep inhibitors for the treatment of laminitis |
WO2023039276A1 (en) | 2021-09-13 | 2023-03-16 | Curtails Llc | Use of ibat inhibitors and antimicrobials for the treatment of diseases |
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