US529435A

US529435A - Electrical m easuring-instrument

Info

Publication number: US529435A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1894-11-20
Anticipated expiration: 1911-11-20

Description

(NoModel.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 A E. WESTON. ELEGTRIGAILMEASURING INSTRUMENT.

No. 529,435. Patented Nov/2o, A1894.

1 llnlllllLEL-dlllln W/7'NESSES: /Ni/E/V?A v @gg Mm,

- @from/Ey.

(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 2.

E. WESTON.

ELECTRICAL MEASUEINE INSTRUMENT. f

No; 529,435 Patented Nov. 2o, 1894.

Unire STATES Amer rtree.

EDIVARD VESTON, OF NEVARK, NEW JERSEY.

ELECTRICAL lVlEASURING-INSTRUMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 529,485, dated November 20, 1894.

Application filed June 2l, 1894. Serial No. 515,232. (No model.)

To all whom if may concern.'

Be it known that I, EDWARD WESTON, of Newark, Essex county, New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Electrical Measuring-Instruments, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to that class of measuring instruments which are known as edgewise instruments, such as set forth in my application for Letters Patent, No 522,950, July 10, 1894.

VThe invention consists more especially in the construction and arrangement of the case of the instrument and in the disposition of the working parts therein whereby the facility of manufacture of the apparatus is increased and the relation of the several portions thereof made certain and definite.

In the accompanying drawings Figure l exhibits the interior of the instrument, one side of the case being removed, and also shows the scale-plate and handle in section. Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a section on theline 4 4 of Fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a plan View in detail of the working mechanism of the instrument showing the mode of connecting together the magnets, pole pieces and bracket. Fig. 5 is a top View of the instrument. Fig. 6 is a face View. Figs. 7 and S represent respectively the two parts of the containing case of the instrument.

Similar numbers of reference indicate like parts.

The case of the instrument consists of an iron casting which is made in two portions, the said two portions being shown in Figs. 7 and 8. These two portions are put together so that the part which is shown in Fig. 8 forms substantially a cover for the part which is shown in Fig. 7. The part which is shown in Fig. 7 has a flat face, 1, which is provided with a broad flange, 2, which flange forms the periphery of all of the case except the convex face 3. The face 1 also has a narrower flange, 4. Referring now to the part which is shown in Fig. S, here there is a flat face, 5, similar to face l, and a flange, 6, similar to flange 4. When the two parts of the case are put together, the face 5 comes in contact with the broad flange 2, but the combined widths of flanges 4 and G are less than the Width of flange 2, so that a slot or space is left between the flanges 4 and 6, as shown at 7, Fig. 2. All around the rim-of the flange 2 is formed a strengthening rib, 8, upon which are projections, 9, which extend transversely of the flange 2. In these projections are apertures to receive the fastening screws or bolts by means of which the two parts of the case are connected together. The object of'the rim 8 and projections 9 is to strengthen the casting and to prevent any warping or other deformation thereof; also, by this means the casting may be made thinner and lighter. Inside of the flanges 4 and 6 are strengthening ribs, l0, the purpose of' which is the same as last above stated.

It will be seen that by the foregoing construction I produce a case of quite thin iron, which completely incloses all of the Working mechanism of the instrument, but which has a slot or opening extending longitudinally through its convex face 3. Suchacase is not only very strong and rigid, but it serves as a magnetic screen, preventing the effects of induction upon the magnets inclosed within. Upon the outer periphery of the case is secured a rack-bar, ll. This bar is a separate casting and is attached by means of screws, l2, as shown in Fig. 5; also, upon the case is secured a handle, 12*, and, at the opposite side of the handle 12, is fastened a yoke, 13. The object of the yoke 13 is to support thecase upon a pivot on the switchboard, in an openingin which the instrument is received. The object of the handle is to tilt the instrument on its pivot. The object of the rack-bar 11 is to receive a screw or pin on 'the switchboard which enters between any two teeth, and thus holds the instrument in any position in which it may be adjusted when swung forward or back on its pivot.

The arrangement of this instrument in the switchboard, as above described, is fully explained and illustrated in my Letters Patent No. 522,950 aforesaid. The arrangement of the handle 12* and yoke 13 is the same as described in said patent, and the general conformation of the instrument is also the same. The rack-bar 11 is different, in that in my former construction I used a bar having a series IOO of openings into which the end of the fastening screw entered. For this bar I now substitute the rack-bar 1l.

I will now describe the general arrangement of the working mechanism within the case. Upon the inner side of the face l` is formed a projection, 14, upon which is fastened, by means of the screw 15, a two-'armed bracket, 16, Fig. 1. The arm of the bracket is curved, as shown,and terminates in a transverse bar, 17. To this bar are secured, by screws, l8, (dotted lines, Fig. 4) the pole pieces l9 of the magnets 20. The pole pieces 19 are also secured together on the opposite side from bar 17 by means of a bar, 2l, through which pass the screws 22. The magnets 20 are fastened to their pole pieces by screws, 23, Fig. 4. It will be seen from the foregoing that the magnets 2O are therefore carried by the bracket 16 and are thus held on a single support in about the middle of the instrument case. The pole pieces 19 have concave faces, so that a cylindrical space is formed between them. Symmetrically disposed in this space is a cylinder, 24, of soft iron, which mis carried from the bar 21 by means of screws, 25. Upon the

bars

17 and 21 are projections, 26, Fig. 4, which enter between the ends of the facing pole pieces. The magnet poles are of course so disposed as to render the two pole pieces 19 of opposite'polarity. Supported on posts, 27, on the pole pieces 19, are bridges, 28. In these bridges are screw-steps, 29, in which screw-steps are received the pivots, 30, of a fine wire coil, 31, which surroundsf the iron cylinder 24, and which, therefore, is free to turn in the annular space between the cylinder 24 and the concave faces of the pole pieces 19. This arrangement of coil, pole pieces and cylinder is one which I have ernbodied in many measuring instruments hitherto patented to me, which instruments are now largely sold all over the world and need no especial description. I propose to arrange, in connection with the movable coil as herein described, a spiral spring or springs for opposing or counterbalancing its movement, but

I do not show the spring or springs in the drawings, nor the means for adjusting them, since they form no part of my present invention,while, if referred to in detail, they would simply tend to obscure the parts which I especially desire to show by making this description needlessly long. The arrangement of such springs, together with the moving coil disposed in the annular field between the pole pieces and the soft iron cylinder will be found fully set forth in my Patents Nos. 392,386 and 392,387, dated November 8, 1888.

Secured to one of the coil pivots is .the index needle 32. This needle extends through the slot 7, which I have already described as intervening between the flanges 4 and 6, in the case of the instrument. Upon the outer convex face of one flange is a scale, as best shown in Fig. 6, and upon the outer convex face of the other Iiange are the numbers representing units shown by said scale. `It will be observed, therefore, that I arrange the scale on one flange and the numbers on the other, and that the relation of the two anges is such that the slot through which the needle passes is on the median line of the instrument. This arrangement is preferable to that which is shown in my aforesaid patent, where the slot is not on the median or central line, and hence both the scale and the numbering are on one side of that line. On the outside of the slot 7 there is secured to the needle 32 an index or marker, 33, Fig. 6` which is here shown in diamond shape, softhat a point of the diamond on one side traverses the scale divisions, while the corresponding point on the opposite side moves over the numbers.

On the front of the instrument is a frame, 34, which conforms in shape to the convex face and has a single casting. lThis frame receives the curved glass plate 35 which protects the scale. This frame is secured in place in the following manner: The lower edge is received in a recess in the upper portion of the yoke 13, so that the lower transverse bar, 36, of the frame rests between the yoke and the outer periphery of the flanges 4 and 6. The upper transverse bar, 37, of the frame has a flattened portion or flange 4l which enters a jog in the edge of the case, as shown at 38. Above this transverse bar is a crossbar, 39, which is formed integrally with the rack-bar 1l. From the foregoing it will be seen that in order to secure the frame 34 in place its lower bar, 36, is placed in the recesses between the yokes and the face, and then the frame is adjusted in place. After that the rack-bar 11 is secured in position by its screws 12. The handle 12* is fastened to the bar 39 by the bolts 40.

It will be seen that the foregoing construction reduces the 'number of parts of the instrument to a minimum and allows of their being very easily and conveniently assembled and taken apart. Thus all the working mechanism may be constructed separately and is secured to the bracket 16, which is fastened to the case by the single screw 15. In order to get at these working parts it is necessary only to remove that portion of the case which is shown in Fig. 8, so that the working parts then become exposed, as represented in Fig. l. The outer frame and glass and the rack-bar are easily applied in the manner already described. The instrument proper, therefore, may be said to consist really of tive, easily separable parts; namely, the working mechanism and its supporting bracket, the two castings forming the box or case, the outer frame carrying the glass and the rack-bar. The construction of the part of the case shown in Fig. 7, having the strengthening ribs 9 provided with openings for the fastening bolts or screws, is such as to lend itself easily to the use of special devices for locating these openings, so that they will be invariably in position, and the IOO arrangement of the bracket 1G, in connection with the supporting projection l4, is such as likewise to make the location between the mechanism of the instrument always invariable with regard to the case. It follows, therefore, that all parts of the instrument come together in a definite and nnvariable relation, without any possibility of relative displacement, and thus any error which might arise from this cause is completely eliminated.

I claimy l. A case for electrical measuring instruments formed of two separable parts, each part consisting of a side plate and a flange; the said parts being constructed substantially as set forth, so that, when placed together, the said flanges shall form a portion of the periphery of the case, and so that between said flanges shall be left a slot or opening, substantially as described.

2. A case for electrical measuring instruments formed of two separate parts,one part consisting of the side platel l and

flanges

2 and 4, and the other part consisting of the side plate 5 and flange 6; the said parts being constructed substantially as set forth, so that, when placed together, said flanges shall form the periphery of the case and so that, between said flanges 4 and 6 shall be left a slot or opening, 7, substantially as described.

3. A case for electrical measuring instruments formed of two separable metal parts, one part consisting of the side plate 5 and flange 6 and the other part consisting of the side plate l and

flanges

2 and 4; the flange 2 having integrally formed upon the edge the rib 8; the said parts being constructed substantially as set forth, so that, when placed together, said flanges shall form the periphery of the case, and so that, between said flanges 4 and 6, shall be left a slot or opening, 7, substantially as described.

4. A case for electrical measuring instruments formed of two separable metal parts, one part consisting of the side plate 5 and flange 6, and the other part consisting of the side plate l and

flanges

2 and 4; the flange 2 having integrally formed upon its edge the rib 8 and transversely across its inner periphery projections, as 9; the said parts being constructed substantially as set forth, so that, when placed together, said flanges shall form the periphery of the case, and so that, between said anges 4 and 6, shall be left a slot or opening, 7, substantially as described.

5. A case for electrical measuring instruments formed of two separable metal parts, one part consisting of the side plate 5 and flange 6, and the other part consisting of the side plate l and

flanges

2 and 4; the said flanges 4 and 6 having integrally formed strengthening ribs, l0; the said parts being constructed substantially as set forth, so that, when placed together, said flanges shall form and a slot or opening in the median or central longitudinal line of said periphery, through which slot the index needle of said instrument passes.

7. In combination with the working mechanism of an electrical measuring instrument, a case inclosing said mechanism and having a portion of its periphery curved or convex, a longitudinal slot or opening in said periphery, through which slot the index needle of said instrument passes, a 'scale-marking on said portion on one side of said slot and scale numbers corresponding to said marking on the other side of said slot.

S. In an electrical measuring instrument, the combination of a case formed of two separable parts, each part consisting of a side plate and a flange, (the said parts being constructed substantially as set forth, so that, when placed together, the said flanges shall form a portion of the periphery of the case and so that, between said flanges, shall be left a slot or opening,) working mechanism supported upon the inner side of one of said plates, and an index needle actuated by said mechanism extending through said slot.

9. In an electrical measuring instrument, the combination of a case formed of two separable parts, each part consisting of a side plate and a flange, (the said parts being constructed substantially as set forth so that, when placed together, the said flanges shall form a portion of the periphery of the case and so that between said flanges shall be left a slot or opening,) a bracket supported upon the inner side of one of said plates, working mechanism supported upon said bracketand an index needle actuated by said mechanism and extending through said slot.

lO. In an electrical measuring instrument the combination of acase formed of two separable parts, each part consisting of' a side plate and a flange having a curved or con- Vex portion, (the said parts being constructed so that, when placed together, the said curved flanges shall form a portion of the case periphery and so that between said flanges shall be left a slot or opening along the median or central line of said periphery,) working mechanism supported upon the inner side of one of said side plates and an index needle actuated by said mechanism extending through said slot.

1l. In an electrical measuring instrument the combination of a case formed of two separable parts, one part having the side plate l and the

flanges

2 and 4, the other part having the side plate 5 and flange 6, (the said IOO IIO

parts being constructed substantially as set forth so that, when placed together, said lianges shall form the periphery of the case and so that between said flanges 4 and 6 shall be left a slot or opening, 7,) a bracket, 16, secured upon the inner side of plate 1, working mechanism supported by said bracket and an index needle actuated by said mechanism and extending through said slot.

12. The combination, in an electrical measuring instrument, of two permanent magnets having like poles in contact, concave pole pieces common to both magnets and disposed opposite to one another, a lixed cylindrical body of magnetic material supported between said pole pieces, a coil surrounding said cylindrical body and rotating in the annular space between said body and said pole pieces, and an index needle actuated by said coil.

13. The combination with the inclosin g case of an electrical measuring instrument containing a permanent magnet, a coil supported thereon and vibrating in the iield thereof and an index needle carried by said coil, of a bracket secured to the inner side of said case and to Said magnet and supporting said magnet and coil.

14. The combination, in an electrical measuring instrument, of the magnets 20, pole pieces 19, cylinder 24 supported in the space between said pole pieces, pivoted coil 31, and index 32 carried by said coil, with the bar 17 secured to said pole pieces and bracket 16 carrying said bar.

15. The combination of a case for -an` electrical measuring instrument having a con vex face, 3, the frame 34 conforming in shape to said face and received at one extremity in a recess in said case and provided at the opposite end with a fiange, 41, and the bar 39; the said flange being confined between said bar 39 and the periphery of said case.

16. A case for electrical measuring instruments formed of two separable metal parts, one part consisting of the side plate 5 and flange 6, and the other part consisting of the side plate l and iianges 2 and 4 in combination with the rack or toothed bar 11 secured on the exterior of flange 2.

17. The combination of a case for an electrical measuring 'instrument having a convex face, 3, the frame 34 conforming in shape to said face and received at one extremity in arecess in said case and provided at the opposite end with a flange, 41, and the rack or toothed bar 11 secured to the exterior periphery of said case; the said flange 41 being received and held between one end of said bar 11 and said case periphery.

EDWARD WESTON.

Witnesses:

Il. R. MOLLER, M. BosoH.