US526606A - beche - Google Patents

Description

(No M0661.) l A 2 sheets-sheen 1. J. BECH.

PNEUMATIG HAMMER.

No. 526,606. Y 266611666 sept. 25i 1694.

(No Model.) A 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. BEGH. PNBUMATIG HAMMER. t

No. 526,606.A Patented Sept. 25, 1894.

fly/fa.

UNITED! STATES PATENT? OEEICE.

JEAN Enel-1E, oEncKwEswAGEN, GERMANY.

PN EU NIATIC HAMMER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No; 526,606, dated September 25,V 1894. i

Application tiled January 30, 1894. 4 Serial No.'498,537. (No model.)

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JEAN BEOH, engineer and manufacturer, a subject of the King of Prussia, German Emperor, and a resident of I'Iiickeswagen, in the Province of the Rhine, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Hammers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention refers to pneumatic hammers, in which the hammer-head proper is formed by a heavy cylinder containing a piston, and in which this latter is employed for operating said cylinder or hammer-head; and

my improvements in such pneumatic hammers relate to means for altering the height of stroke of the head, and also to means for automatically replacing the air for the upper air-cushion, if the quantity of the air of this cushion has become a too small one, or has entirely been supplanted.

In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters denote similar parts throughout the several views, and in which- Figure 1 is a side-view of my improved pneumatic hammer, the cylinder or head being in section, and being shown in its lowest position, or resting on the anvil. Fig. 2 is a front-view of the machine; the beam, the worm-wheel and the two bearings for the shaft holding those two parts being in section. Fig. 3 is an upper-view, partly in section; the section of the frame being taken on line 7-8 of Fig. l; the section of the friction-device being taken on line 9-10 of Fig. 6; the parts held by the removed part of the frame being also removed, together with the piston and the cylinder-cover. Fig. 4 is a sideview of the upper part of the machine, the head being lifted. Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the piston, partly in section. Fig. 6 is a front-view of the friction-device above mentioned (Fig. 3).

The frame o. of the pneumatic hamm er (Figs. l to 3) holds on its top the shaft b in the two bearings a a2. Said shaft has an eccentric b carrying the beam c. This beam may be 0scillated from shaft d by means of crank e and connecting-mdf, and transfers its motion to the piston g within cylinder h by means of connecting-rod t and piston-rod k. In order to turneccentric b', or, in other Words, in order to raise or lower the beam c by means of said eccentric, the shaft ZJ has been provided' with a worm-wheel Z gearing with a worm m. This latter is firmly connected with a chain-wheel n, and may be turned from a sleeve 0 by means of chain-wheel n and chain p. Sleeve o is arranged on the eccentric end r of a shaft r. i

The left-hand end of shaft d carries a sleeveV 's with two flange-like friction-disks s s2, the rotations of which latter may be transferred on sleeve o by the broad, disk-like endpiece o' of said sleeve o, so that by causing contact of disk o with one or the other of the disks s s2 the worm-wheel Z may be turned in one or the other'direction, and the beam may, thus, be raised or lowered, just as required for a heavier or slighter blow of the hammer head.

The differences in the height of the hainmer-head caused by another position of the eccentric b may well be seen from a comparison of Figs. l and 4; Fig. l showing the eccentric in its middle position, and Fig. 4 showing the same in its highest one.

The interior space of cylinder h communicates with the outer air by means of two apertures h h2 connected at the inside of the cylinder by a groove or channel h3. The said apertures are situated some distance apart from the bottom and the cover, so that spaces h4 h5 are formed, in which some air may be kept back and compressed for forming cushions. If, now, the hammer, moves with but slow speed, the air contained in space h5 could by and by escape, as the head then moves with the same velocity as the piston. If, thereafter, a greater speed is chosen, a vacuum would arise above the piston, which, as a matter of course, can be of very injurious eifect. To avoid this, an automatic valve formed by a ball g (Fig. 5) has been arranged in the piston, said valve acting in such a manner, that it allows the entrance of air into said space a5, but hinders said air from escaping out of that space, so that, therefore, neither a vacuum nor even a rarefaction of air can happen.

Having thus fully described the nature of IOC this invention, what l desire' tosecure by Letters Pa'lft Of -th'e nfed St'afSS- l. In a pneumatic hammer, 'in which th head is formed by a cylinder and is moved ing adapted to raise or lower said beam, for

the purpose as described.

2. In a pneumatic hammer in which the' headv is formed by a cylinder, and is moved by a piston arranged therein, the combinationv with a beam (c) adapted .to transfer the movement of the main-shaft (d) to said piston (g), of angaXle (b) having an eccentric (b), and holding said beam (c) by means of said eccentric (6'), said main shafttd) having a sleeve (s) with two friction-wheels (s situated between them in one or the other direction, said third friction-wheel )being connected with a. chainwheel Worm (m) gearing with a worm-wheel (l) on (w), and a I shaftv (b)beingcon'nected withV aV chain-Wheel (n), the latter beingv driven from wheel (n) by a chain (1o), for the purpose as described.

3. I-n a pneumatic hammer in which the head is formed by a cylinder, and is moved .'bya piston arranged therein, the combination with a beam (c) adapted to transfer the movement of the source of force to said piston, of an axle (b) having an eccentric (b), V

and holding said beam (c) by means of said eccentric (b), the latterbeing adapted to raise or lower said beam and piston, the piston containing an automatic ball-valve (g) adapted t-o admit air to the space (h5) of the cylinder (h) above the piston, said cylinder (h) having apertures (-h h?) connected by a channel (h3) said channel being adapted to admit air to the space above the piston through said automatic ball-valve, for the purpose as described,

In testimony whereof I have signed' this l specification in the presence of two subscriby l ving witnesses. s2) adapted to turn aithird frictionewheel (of) JEAN BCH.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM EssENWEiN, T. H. STRAUSS.

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