US5194122A - Method for recovering volatile, organic compounds from manure - Google Patents

Method for recovering volatile, organic compounds from manure Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US5194122A
US5194122A US07/511,553 US51155390A US5194122A US 5194122 A US5194122 A US 5194122A US 51155390 A US51155390 A US 51155390A US 5194122 A US5194122 A US 5194122A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
manure
organic compounds
volatile
oxide
condensate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US07/511,553
Inventor
Erik D. J. Bleeker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MEMON BV A Co OF NETHERLANDS
Memon BV
Original Assignee
Memon BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Memon BV filed Critical Memon BV
Assigned to MEMON B.V., A COMPANY OF THE NETHERLANDS reassignment MEMON B.V., A COMPANY OF THE NETHERLANDS ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: BLEEKER, ERICK D. J.
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US5194122A publication Critical patent/US5194122A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/005—Treatment of dryer exhaust gases
    • F26B25/006—Separating volatiles, e.g. recovering solvents from dryer exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/005—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by dipping them into or mixing them with a chemical liquid, e.g. organic; chemical, e.g. organic, dewatering aids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for recovering volatile, organic compounds from manure.
  • a first, known processing process is the so-called Promest process, wherein the manure is first fermented in a fermentation installation in order to generate bio-gas. Subsequently separated from the fermented manure are the solids which after drying form a valuable product as manure cake. As a consequence of the fermentation practically all organic compounds are degraded.
  • a second known processing process is the so-called Greenfield process (U.S. Pat. No. 3,855,079, U.S. Pat. No. 4,270,974 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,608,120).
  • Greenfield process U.S. Pat. No. 3,855,079, U.S. Pat. No. 4,270,974 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,608,120.
  • a non-volatile oil is added to the manure and the oil slurry formed is dehydrated by evaporation under the influence of heat, whereafter oil residues are removed from the formed condensate which can be discharged as effluent after biological treatment.
  • the biogas formed during the biological degradation can be used in the processing process, see further "Natuur en Techniek" 57, 894-903 (1989).
  • the invention is based on the insight that present in manure are valuable, volatile organic compounds which are economically separable from the manure if condensate is removed from the manure without prior fermentation thereof and this condensate is subjected to a suitable physico-chemical separation process for separating the volatile organic compounds.
  • These compounds can be separated since on the one hand they are organic and on the other hand they are volatile.
  • the organic character makes it possible to separate them from inorganic components in the manure, for example by means of the used oil as carrier liquid, and the volatile character makes it possible to separate them from non-volatile organic compounds which will remain behind in the oil.
  • the invention thus provides a method for recovering volatile, organic compounds from manure, which is characterized in that the method comprises:
  • Suitable volatile, organic compounds are largely compounds with one to six carbon atoms, in particular however volatile fatty acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid and isovaleric acid. These organic compounds are not only valuable, they are also present in relatively large quantities in the condensate.
  • a usual condensate contains for example per m 3 8-11 kg acetic acid, 1-5 kg propionic acid, 0.2-1 kg isobutyric acid, 0.5-1.5 kg butyric acid and 0.2-0.7 kg isovaleric acid.
  • the separating of the volatile, organic compounds from the condensate can take place according to many known physico-chemical methods.
  • a reliable, relatively simple and economic method is liquid extraction.
  • a number of extraction agents are particularly preferable because of their low cost-price, high volatility and high distribution co-efficients in equilibrium.
  • a first group of favorable extraction agents comprises organic alkylphosphine oxides.
  • Particularly suitable are the trialkylphosphine oxides such as trioctylphosphine oxide, trihexylphosphine oxide, sec-butyldioctylphosphine or mixtures thereof.
  • EP-A-132.700 and EP-A-259.583 describe liquid extractions wherein the alkylphosphine oxides are used as extraction agents.
  • the liquid extraction methods described all relate only to the removal of carbonic acids, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols and phenols from waste flows which are for example released during the preparation of cellulose, phenol and the Fischer-Tropsch process.
  • Suitable extraction agents is the group of higher alkylamines. Preferred are trialkylamines, in particular trioctylamine and di-tridecylamine. For further information regarding the use of amines in liquid extraction reference is made to N. L. Ricker et al, J. Separ. Proc. Technol. 1, 23-30, (1980).
  • a polar solvent is preferably added to the extraction agent whereby the extraction efficiency for the volatile, organic compounds for separation improves.
  • Suitable polar solvents are alcohol, such as ethylhexanol, halogenated hydrocarbons, such as chloroform, esters, and ketones, such as diisobutyl ketone and cyclohexanone.
  • the manure is acidified.
  • premature fermentation and degradation of the desired volatile, organic compound is thereby avoided, and on the other hand odor problems are reduced and the transition of the volatile, organic compounds to for example the carrier oil used is promoted.
  • the method according to the invention can be applied to many types of manure, such as manure derived from cattle farms, pig farms and poultry farms and the like.
  • manure may have a solid content of 7% but the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for manure with a higher solid content, such as preferably at least 10%, and more preferably to more than 14%.
  • the advantage hereby results that in a central manure processing a smaller quantity of manure has to be transported and there results a smaller quantity of condensate with a higher concentration of the desired volatile, organic compounds.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a flow diagram of a first embodiment of the present process
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a flow diagram of a second embodiment of the present process.
  • Pig manure from which bulky waste is removed by sieves is subsequently acidified.
  • the acidified manure is mixed with a water insoluble paraffin liquid with a boiling point of circa 180° C.
  • the mixture of manure and paraffin is concentrated in a concentrator, wherein the vapor formed is condensed in a condenser.
  • the condensate 1 is fed to an extractor 2 to which an extraction mixture is fed via the conduit 3.
  • This extraction mixture consists of 40% sec-butyldioctylphosphine oxide and 60% n-dodecane.
  • the treated condensate 4 is fed to a biological after-treatment installation.
  • the loaded extraction liquid is fed via the conduit 5 to a dehydrator 6 wherein using steam supplied via the conduit 7 water is removed from the loaded extraction liquid and fed back to the extractor 2 via the conduit 8.
  • the loaded extraction liquid with the water removed is fed to a distillation column 10.
  • the distillation column can carry out a fractional distillation, whereby the more volatile, organic compounds leave the distillation column at a higher level.
  • isovaleric acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, propionic acid and acetic acid can be successively fractionated.
  • the extraction agent stripped of the volatile, organic compounds is fed via the conduit 11 to the extractor 2 via the conduit 3, optionally supplemented with fresh extraction agent via the conduit 12.
  • condensate is fed via the conduit 1 to an extractor 15 to which an extraction agent is further supplied via the conduit 16.
  • This extraction agent consists of a mixture of a tertiary amine with a mean molecular weight of approximately 392 (Alamine 336 of General Mills Inc.), and 60% ethylhexanol.
  • the extracted condensate leaves the extractor 15 via the conduit 17.
  • the loaded extraction mixture is fed via the conduit 18 to a second extractor 19 to which a watery alkaline solution (for example, 0.5 N caustic soda) is fed via the conduit 20.
  • the extraction agent leaves the extractor 19 via the conduit 21 and is optionally supplemented via the conduit 22 with fresh extraction agent fed to the extractor 15 via the conduit 16.
  • the product flow leaves the extractor 15 via the conduit 23.
  • This product flow contains a solution of sodium salts of C2-C5 fatty acids. This mixture can subsequently be separated into the various compounds with known, usual separating methods.
  • a portion of the treated condensate can be fed back to the extractor 15 via the conduit 24. It is further possible that the product flow be fed via the conduit 24 to the second extractor 19.
  • the present invention is particularly concentrated on the separating of the volatile, lower alkylcarbonic acids, it is also possible using the described method according to the invention to separate lower alkylalcohols, lower alkylesters, lower alkylketones and lower alkylaldehydes from the manure, to the extent that their presence makes this economically worthwhile.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

A method for recovering volatile, organic compounds from manure, by:
i) acidifying and concentrating the manure;
ii) condensing the formed vapor; and
iii) separating the volatile, organic compounds from the condensate.
Preferably the volatile, organic compounds are removed from the condensate by liquid extraction, crystallization, distillation and/or ion exchange.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for recovering volatile, organic compounds from manure.
For the cost-effectiveness of processing processes for manure it is important to separate as many valuable products as possible from the manure. Not only the sale price of these valuable products is of importance but especially also the costs at which these products can be separated from the manure.
In processing processes known to date all attention has been devoted to separating solid matter from the manure, the so-called manure cake, which is a valuable fertilizer after drying.
A first, known processing process is the so-called Promest process, wherein the manure is first fermented in a fermentation installation in order to generate bio-gas. Subsequently separated from the fermented manure are the solids which after drying form a valuable product as manure cake. As a consequence of the fermentation practically all organic compounds are degraded.
A second known processing process is the so-called Greenfield process (U.S. Pat. No. 3,855,079, U.S. Pat. No. 4,270,974 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,608,120). According to this processing process a non-volatile oil is added to the manure and the oil slurry formed is dehydrated by evaporation under the influence of heat, whereafter oil residues are removed from the formed condensate which can be discharged as effluent after biological treatment. The biogas formed during the biological degradation can be used in the processing process, see further "Natuur en Techniek" 57, 894-903 (1989).
The invention is based on the insight that present in manure are valuable, volatile organic compounds which are economically separable from the manure if condensate is removed from the manure without prior fermentation thereof and this condensate is subjected to a suitable physico-chemical separation process for separating the volatile organic compounds. These compounds can be separated since on the one hand they are organic and on the other hand they are volatile. The organic character makes it possible to separate them from inorganic components in the manure, for example by means of the used oil as carrier liquid, and the volatile character makes it possible to separate them from non-volatile organic compounds which will remain behind in the oil.
The invention thus provides a method for recovering volatile, organic compounds from manure, which is characterized in that the method comprises:
i) concentrating the manure;
ii) condensing the formed vapor; and
iii) separating volatile, organic compounds from the condensate.
Suitable volatile, organic compounds are largely compounds with one to six carbon atoms, in particular however volatile fatty acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid and isovaleric acid. These organic compounds are not only valuable, they are also present in relatively large quantities in the condensate.
A usual condensate contains for example per m3 8-11 kg acetic acid, 1-5 kg propionic acid, 0.2-1 kg isobutyric acid, 0.5-1.5 kg butyric acid and 0.2-0.7 kg isovaleric acid.
With the method according to the invention it is possible to recover these volatile organic compounds and the added value of these organic compounds to the manure processing process is greater than that of biogas that may be formed from these organic compounds.
The separating of the volatile, organic compounds from the condensate can take place according to many known physico-chemical methods.
A reliable, relatively simple and economic method is liquid extraction.
A number of extraction agents are particularly preferable because of their low cost-price, high volatility and high distribution co-efficients in equilibrium.
A first group of favorable extraction agents comprises organic alkylphosphine oxides. Particularly suitable are the trialkylphosphine oxides such as trioctylphosphine oxide, trihexylphosphine oxide, sec-butyldioctylphosphine or mixtures thereof. In this context reference is made to the European patent application EP-A-132.700 and EP-A-259.583, which describe liquid extractions wherein the alkylphosphine oxides are used as extraction agents. The liquid extraction methods described all relate only to the removal of carbonic acids, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols and phenols from waste flows which are for example released during the preparation of cellulose, phenol and the Fischer-Tropsch process.
Another group of suitable extraction agents is the group of higher alkylamines. Preferred are trialkylamines, in particular trioctylamine and di-tridecylamine. For further information regarding the use of amines in liquid extraction reference is made to N. L. Ricker et al, J. Separ. Proc. Technol. 1, 23-30, (1980).
A polar solvent is preferably added to the extraction agent whereby the extraction efficiency for the volatile, organic compounds for separation improves. Suitable polar solvents are alcohol, such as ethylhexanol, halogenated hydrocarbons, such as chloroform, esters, and ketones, such as diisobutyl ketone and cyclohexanone.
Other methods for separating volatile, organic compounds, optionally after prior concentration for instance by evaporation or reversed osmosis, comprise distillation, ion exchange and crystallization. In the case of crystallization the corresponding, poorly water-soluble salts such as calcium salts can be separated.
It is favorable if prior to concentrating the manure, but still more preferably immediately after the production of the manure, the manure is acidified. On the one hand, premature fermentation and degradation of the desired volatile, organic compound is thereby avoided, and on the other hand odor problems are reduced and the transition of the volatile, organic compounds to for example the carrier oil used is promoted.
The method according to the invention can be applied to many types of manure, such as manure derived from cattle farms, pig farms and poultry farms and the like. Generally the manure may have a solid content of 7% but the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for manure with a higher solid content, such as preferably at least 10%, and more preferably to more than 14%. The advantage hereby results that in a central manure processing a smaller quantity of manure has to be transported and there results a smaller quantity of condensate with a higher concentration of the desired volatile, organic compounds.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 illustrates a flow diagram of a first embodiment of the present process;
FIG. 2 illustrates a flow diagram of a second embodiment of the present process.
DESCRIPTION OF THE FIRST AND SECOND EMBODIMENTS
The method according to the invention will be described hereinafter with reference to two embodiments which are shown schematically as flow diagrams in the FIGS. 1 and 2.
Pig manure from which bulky waste is removed by sieves is subsequently acidified. The acidified manure is mixed with a water insoluble paraffin liquid with a boiling point of circa 180° C. The mixture of manure and paraffin is concentrated in a concentrator, wherein the vapor formed is condensed in a condenser. The condensate 1 is fed to an extractor 2 to which an extraction mixture is fed via the conduit 3. This extraction mixture consists of 40% sec-butyldioctylphosphine oxide and 60% n-dodecane.
The treated condensate 4 is fed to a biological after-treatment installation. The loaded extraction liquid is fed via the conduit 5 to a dehydrator 6 wherein using steam supplied via the conduit 7 water is removed from the loaded extraction liquid and fed back to the extractor 2 via the conduit 8.
The loaded extraction liquid with the water removed is fed to a distillation column 10. The distillation column can carry out a fractional distillation, whereby the more volatile, organic compounds leave the distillation column at a higher level. Operating at a pressure of 0.2 bar and a pot temperature of 135° C., isovaleric acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, propionic acid and acetic acid can be successively fractionated. The extraction agent stripped of the volatile, organic compounds is fed via the conduit 11 to the extractor 2 via the conduit 3, optionally supplemented with fresh extraction agent via the conduit 12.
If necessary a number of the lower-boiling organic compounds can be carried away via the conduit 13 to the condensate conduit 4 for further degradation in the biological treatment installation. Finally, it is possible to feed back a portion of the condensate from the conduit 4 via the conduit 14 to the condensate feed conduit 1.
In the second embodiment of the method according to the invention condensate is fed via the conduit 1 to an extractor 15 to which an extraction agent is further supplied via the conduit 16. This extraction agent consists of a mixture of a tertiary amine with a mean molecular weight of approximately 392 (Alamine 336 of General Mills Inc.), and 60% ethylhexanol.
The extracted condensate leaves the extractor 15 via the conduit 17. The loaded extraction mixture is fed via the conduit 18 to a second extractor 19 to which a watery alkaline solution (for example, 0.5 N caustic soda) is fed via the conduit 20. The extraction agent leaves the extractor 19 via the conduit 21 and is optionally supplemented via the conduit 22 with fresh extraction agent fed to the extractor 15 via the conduit 16. The product flow leaves the extractor 15 via the conduit 23. This product flow contains a solution of sodium salts of C2-C5 fatty acids. This mixture can subsequently be separated into the various compounds with known, usual separating methods.
If required, a portion of the treated condensate can be fed back to the extractor 15 via the conduit 24. It is further possible that the product flow be fed via the conduit 24 to the second extractor 19.
Although the present invention is particularly concentrated on the separating of the volatile, lower alkylcarbonic acids, it is also possible using the described method according to the invention to separate lower alkylalcohols, lower alkylesters, lower alkylketones and lower alkylaldehydes from the manure, to the extent that their presence makes this economically worthwhile.

Claims (13)

I claim:
1. Method for recovering volatile, organic compounds from manure, consisting essentially of:
i) acidifying the manure;
ii) concentrating by evaporation the acidified manure;
iii) condensing the formed vapor; and
iv) separating the volatile, organic compounds from the condensate; wherein the steps of concentrating by evaporation and condensing are carried out prior to fermentation of the manure.
2. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the volatile, organic compounds are separated from the condensate by liquid extraction using an extraction agent.
3. Method as claimed in claim 2, wherein said extraction agent is an organic alkylphosphine oxide.
4. Method as claimed in claim 3, wherein said organic alkylphosphine oxide is a trialkylphosphine oxide.
5. Method as claimed in claim 3, wherein said organic alkylphosphine oxide is trioctylphosphine oxide, trihexylphosphine oxide, sec-butyldioctylphosphine oxide, or mixtures thereof.
6. Method as claimed in claim 2, wherein said extraction agent is an alkylamine.
7. Method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the alkylamine is a trialkylamine.
8. Method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the trialkylamine is selected from the group consisting of trioctylamine and di-tridecylamine.
9. Method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the liquid extraction takes place in the presence of a polar solvent.
10. Method as claimed in claim 9, wherein said polar solvent is selected from the group consisting of alcohol, halogenated hydrocarbon, esters, and ketones.
11. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the volatile, organic compounds are separated by at least one of the steps of crystallization, distillation and ion exchange.
12. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the manure to be concentrated has a dry solid content of at least 7%.
13. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the volatile, organic compounds to be recovered comprise C1-C5 fatty acids.
US07/511,553 1990-03-16 1990-04-20 Method for recovering volatile, organic compounds from manure Expired - Fee Related US5194122A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL9000618A NL9000618A (en) 1990-03-16 1990-03-16 METHOD FOR RECOVERING VOLATILE, ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM MANURE.
NL9000618 1990-03-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US5194122A true US5194122A (en) 1993-03-16

Family

ID=19856761

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US07/511,553 Expired - Fee Related US5194122A (en) 1990-03-16 1990-04-20 Method for recovering volatile, organic compounds from manure

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US5194122A (en)
NL (1) NL9000618A (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007048242A2 (en) 2005-10-26 2007-05-03 Daniel Blanchette Water purification method, process and apparatus
US20080302152A1 (en) * 2005-12-21 2008-12-11 International Carbon Technologies (Pty) Ltd. Fertilizer
WO2011161184A1 (en) * 2010-06-22 2011-12-29 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V. Method for recovering volatile components from a solid
US20160348967A1 (en) * 2007-08-07 2016-12-01 Mars, Incorporated Apparatus for drying a material
US10017450B2 (en) * 2014-08-05 2018-07-10 Bp Chemicals Limited Method of operating a heavy ends column in an acetic acid production process

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2867655A (en) * 1957-02-20 1959-01-06 Donald F Othmer Process for recovering volatile aliphatic acids
US3345152A (en) * 1964-07-06 1967-10-03 Schroeder Jack J Method and means for converting odors in manure and human excreta
US3714162A (en) * 1971-03-24 1973-01-30 Monsanto Co New herbicidal n-(1-cycloalken-1-yl)-amino-s-triazine compounds
US3966607A (en) * 1975-01-22 1976-06-29 Ceres Ecology Corporation Solid-liquid separator
US3985079A (en) * 1975-10-20 1976-10-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Self-destruct fuze for spinning artillery projectile
US4018899A (en) * 1973-08-16 1977-04-19 Ceres Ecology Corporation Process for recovering feed products from animal manure
US4270974A (en) * 1976-09-01 1981-06-02 Hanover Research Corporation Process and apparatus for recovering clean water and solids from aqueous solids
US4283221A (en) * 1972-02-07 1981-08-11 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Plant growth regulating agent
EP0132700A1 (en) * 1983-07-21 1985-02-13 Cyanamid Canada Inc. Liquid phosphine oxide systems for solvent extraction
US4608120A (en) * 1982-09-17 1986-08-26 Hanover Research Corporation Apparatus for removing light oil from solids
EP0259583A2 (en) * 1986-08-08 1988-03-16 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Continuous process for extracting carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols and phenols from diluted aqueous solutions

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2867655A (en) * 1957-02-20 1959-01-06 Donald F Othmer Process for recovering volatile aliphatic acids
US3345152A (en) * 1964-07-06 1967-10-03 Schroeder Jack J Method and means for converting odors in manure and human excreta
US3714162A (en) * 1971-03-24 1973-01-30 Monsanto Co New herbicidal n-(1-cycloalken-1-yl)-amino-s-triazine compounds
US4283221A (en) * 1972-02-07 1981-08-11 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Plant growth regulating agent
US4018899A (en) * 1973-08-16 1977-04-19 Ceres Ecology Corporation Process for recovering feed products from animal manure
US3966607A (en) * 1975-01-22 1976-06-29 Ceres Ecology Corporation Solid-liquid separator
US3985079A (en) * 1975-10-20 1976-10-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Self-destruct fuze for spinning artillery projectile
US4270974A (en) * 1976-09-01 1981-06-02 Hanover Research Corporation Process and apparatus for recovering clean water and solids from aqueous solids
US4608120A (en) * 1982-09-17 1986-08-26 Hanover Research Corporation Apparatus for removing light oil from solids
EP0132700A1 (en) * 1983-07-21 1985-02-13 Cyanamid Canada Inc. Liquid phosphine oxide systems for solvent extraction
EP0259583A2 (en) * 1986-08-08 1988-03-16 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Continuous process for extracting carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols and phenols from diluted aqueous solutions

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"Natuur en Techniek," 57, 894-903 (1989).
"Solvent Extraction With Amines For Recovery Of Acetic Acid From Dilute Aqueous Industrial Streams," Ricker et al., I. Scpar. Proc. Technol., 1, 23-30 (1980).
Natuur en Techniek, 57, 894 903 (1989). *
Solvent Extraction With Amines For Recovery Of Acetic Acid From Dilute Aqueous Industrial Streams, Ricker et al., I. Scpar. Proc. Technol., 1, 23 30 (1980). *

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007048242A2 (en) 2005-10-26 2007-05-03 Daniel Blanchette Water purification method, process and apparatus
EP1945573B1 (en) * 2005-10-26 2015-08-05 Daniel Blanchette Water purification method, process and apparatus
US20080302152A1 (en) * 2005-12-21 2008-12-11 International Carbon Technologies (Pty) Ltd. Fertilizer
US7875096B2 (en) * 2005-12-21 2011-01-25 International Carbon Technologies AS (PTY) Ltd. Fertilizer
US20160348967A1 (en) * 2007-08-07 2016-12-01 Mars, Incorporated Apparatus for drying a material
US10006714B2 (en) * 2007-08-07 2018-06-26 Mars, Incorporated Apparatus for drying a material
US10113794B2 (en) 2007-08-07 2018-10-30 Mars, Incorporated Method for drying a material
WO2011161184A1 (en) * 2010-06-22 2011-12-29 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V. Method for recovering volatile components from a solid
CN102947661A (en) * 2010-06-22 2013-02-27 德商弗朗霍夫应用研究促进学会 Method for recovering volatile components from a solid
US20130209345A1 (en) * 2010-06-22 2013-08-15 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Method for recovering volatile components from a solid
US10017450B2 (en) * 2014-08-05 2018-07-10 Bp Chemicals Limited Method of operating a heavy ends column in an acetic acid production process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL9000618A (en) 1991-10-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4401514A (en) Method for the recovery of furfural, acetic acid and formic acid
AU749915B2 (en) Method for conversion of biomass to chemicals and fuels
US6433146B1 (en) Corn oil and protein extraction method
US6478965B1 (en) Recovery of fermentation salts from dilute aqueous solutions
EP1852397A2 (en) Method for the industrialised production of olive oil mill by-products and product thus obtained
US7857975B2 (en) System for liquid extraction, and methods
JP2003511360A (en) Method for producing purified lactic acid solution
US4474994A (en) Purification of vanillin
WO2001027064A1 (en) Continuous process for preparing lactic acid
US5194122A (en) Method for recovering volatile, organic compounds from manure
JPH04228084A (en) Recovery of citric acid
US7790044B2 (en) Method and apparatus for separation of chemical materials from feces
EP0763098A1 (en) Process for fractioning vinasse
CN112513367B (en) Efficient methods and compositions for recovering products from organic acid pretreatment of plant material
US5868851A (en) Process for production of solid glucose
NO179144B (en) Process for extracting tannins from tannin-containing bark and apparatus for carrying out the process
US6509179B1 (en) Continuous process for preparing lactic acid
US4935104A (en) Process for the continuous hydro-distillation of plants
US2859117A (en) Treatment of alcoholic liquors
US20120141644A1 (en) Germ Oil Extraction With Ethanol
CA1255234A (en) Process and apparatus for treating wet fat biological tissue using a water miscible solvent
RU2051171C1 (en) Transfer line for production of oil from coffee slime and coffee production wastes
Palmer Turpentine and rosin from wood wastes by the steam and solvent process
WO2013159106A1 (en) Recovery of organic acids from dilute salt solutions
SU375257A1 (en) METHOD FOR CLEANING WASTE WATER PRODUCTION OF YEAST FROM ORGANIC SUBSTANCES

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: MEMON B.V., A COMPANY OF THE NETHERLANDS, NETHERLA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:BLEEKER, ERICK D. J.;REEL/FRAME:005319/0656

Effective date: 19900425

REMI Maintenance fee reminder mailed
LAPS Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
FP Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee

Effective date: 19970319

STCH Information on status: patent discontinuation

Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362