US514944A - Exhaust-nozzle - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

s. A'. LIVINGSTON-.- EXHAUST NozzLB.

Noi-1 514;944-1 Patentd Peb. zo, 1894.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. S. A. LIVINGST01\I.v

EXHAUST NOZZLE.

' No.514,'944. Patented Feb. 2o, 1894.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 S. A. LIVINGSTON. EXHAUST NOZZLE.

No. 514,944. Patented`Feb. 20, 1894.

UNITED STATESr PATENT OFFICE. Y'

SAMUEL A. LIVINGSTON, OF BROOKLYN, NEWV YORK.

i EXHAUST-NOZZLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 514,944, dated -February 20, 1894.

- Application tiled December 5, 1893. Serial No. 492,839. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, SAMUEL A. LIVINGSTON, a citizen of the United States, residing at- Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Exhaust-Nozzles; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,

which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. My invention relates to exhaust mechanism to be applied to the exhaust nozzle of such steam engines wherein the exhaust is caused to produce a blast in the chimney or smokestack and thereby accelerate the draft of the furnace to which the chimney is attached. It is particularly to be usedl on locomotives, portable and traction engines, marine engines or other engines where'the exhaust blast must be relied upon to produce a rapid draft of the air through the furnace. In engines of this kind it has been found that after the fire has reached an intense heat, owing to the blast, it is necessary to open the furnace door to admit a large volume of cold air above the grate tocheck the draft when the engine is stopped or slowed, to prevent the steam pressure becomingexcessive and dangerous, owing tothe decreased consumption of the steam at such time. This opening of the furnace door produces great strains on the boiler dueto the cooling and rapid contraction of the boiler parts, and often produces dangerous cracks yin the crown sheets and tire-box.

lThe object of my invention is to provide improved means for regulating the exhaust' blast, so as to keep the fire under control at all times irrespective of the speed ofthe engine and the rapidity of the exhaust, and my invention consists in the mechanism particularly described in this specificationahd shown in the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof and in which- Figure l, is a perspective view of my invention as applied to a locomotive, parts thereof being broken away to more clearly show the device in its operative location. Fig. 2, is a vertical section taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan taken on line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. et is a plan view of a detail part. Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a modication; and Fig. 6 is a plan of the same.

by the same reference letter.

D is the blast pipe into which the two or 5 5 more exhaust pipes or passages from the one or more engine cylinders lead;` it is divided centrally into two'or more compartments by means of a partition E, thus providing two or more passageways, one for each of the two 6o or `more cylinder exhausts,and this partition or bridge performs another function as will be pointed out later on. Mounted upon D is the nozzle A which has no partition, but which is provided with a number of guides B which have vertical edges extending a short distance inwardly. Upon the guides B there slides a blast cone, or blast accelerator 0. The upper portion of the nozzle A is provided with an inner ange F 7o the lower face G of which constitutes a seat for a corresponding Ilange H upon the cone 0, when the cone is raised up to it. I are guide ways or grooves cut into flange H of the cone and continued along the body of the same. These guide-ways fit over and slide upon the guides B of the nozzle. J J are two lugs secured to, or made integralwith cone C and to which the raising and lowering mechanism of the cone is at- 8c tach-ed. This raising and lowering mechanism may be of various forms, but the preferred form which I have shown herein consists of the elbow lever K pivoted at L between two lugs M on nozzle AF This 8 5 elbow lever is connected by a link N to a rocker arm O attached toa rock-shaft P passing through the smoke-box and provided outside thereof with an arm Q to which is attached the rod R leading to the engig'o neers cab.

The modification of my device shown in Fig. 5, is such as is preferred for use with compound locomotives or compound enginesA genv erally, in which owing to the greatly increased volume of steam and low pressure of exhaust, it may benecessary to accelerate the furnace draft. In this case, the webs or In all the views the same part is designated guides B Vare reduced in depth and the body of cone C is provided with an annu- [oo lar valve ring U joined to the main body by webs Vj this ring acts as a valve to cover ports or openings W located in the casing A in such position as to be wholly covered by U when the cone is seated against G. The ports W may be of any number and may have any form desired. When the cone is lowered the steam will find a free outlet as indicated by arrows S and T and will also draw in air or furnace gases through the ports W and discharge them as indicated by the arrow, Y.

The operation of my device is as followsz When the engine is working under normal conditions and the full effect of the exhaust blast is required to produce a draft for the furnace, the engineer has pulled the rod R so as to lift the cone C so that the upper surface or seat of flange Il thereof seatsitself against the under surface or seat of flange F on nozzle A. Under these circumstances all the exhaust steam of the cylinders will be obliged to pass through the contracted inner opening of the cone C as indicated byarrow S thus producinga very sharp and effective blast. Should the fires become too hot, generate too muchsteam, or should the engineer anticipate a stoppage, or slow down, when too much steam would be generated for the consumption of the engine he will lower the cone C as shown in Fig. 2. This being done the steam will no longer be forced to pass through the contracted cone area alone, but will pass partly through the cone as shown by arrowS, but will also pass through the annular passage surrounding the cone, as indicated by arrow T. In this manner a free exhaust is produced from the cylinder and the draft or blast is immediately checked without the necessity of opening the furnace door. It by any means the cone G should become detached from its raising and lowering mechanism it will fall upon the bridge E and be retained thereby from falling into the exhaust passage of the engine and the guides B will secure it in position to prevent its becoming jammed in the nozzle.

When my mechanism is applied to a single cylinder engine the part E need not be a web, but merely a bridge piece or a flange upon which the cone C may rest when detached from its raising and lowering mechanism and the nozzle A must be attached directly to the exhaust passage thus doing away with the blast pipe D which is used in locomotives to give heightonly to the cone.

I am aware that it is not new to control the exhaust or blast pipes of' locomotive and kindred engines, but

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a steam boiler, the combination with an engine exhaust passage, a blast pipe connected thereto and located in the uptake or chimney of said boiler, of au exhaust nozzle mounted on said blast pipe and having an inner flange at the top, a hollow open cone located in said nozzle and provided with an exterior flange adapted to seat upon the blast pipe flange, and means for raising and lowering said cone to bring said flanges into and out of contact, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a steam boiler smoke outlet, with a steam engine exhaust outlet, a blast nozzle attached thereto having an inwardly extending flange,afhollow open, conical blast accelerator located within the nozzle and provided with an exterior flange at the base of the conical part, guides for keeping the accelerator in proper relation to the nozzle, and means for raising and lowering the accelerator so as to contract or expand the outlet of said nozzle, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a steam boiler smoke outlet with a steam engine exhaust outlet, a blast nozzle secured thereto having an inwardly extendingflange, a hollow open accelerator located within said nozzle and provided with an exterior flange at the base of the conical part, to expand or contract its outlet, guides to keep the accelerator central within the nozzle, a step or bridge-piece in the exhaust outlet, and means for raising and lowering the accelerator, substantially as described.

4. A blast nozzle for locomotive and other boiler furnaces consisting of the combination of a casing attached to the exhaust pipe of a steam engine, a hollow open ended blast cone centrally located therein provided with an outer flange adapted to seat against an inner ledge of said casing a concentric ring connected to said cone by open distance pieces and adapted to act as a valve to cover open ings in the casing when the cone is in a raised position and means for raising and lowering the cone, substantially as described.

5. In combination with the smoke-outlet of a steam boiler of an exhaust outlet for a steam engine, an exhaust nozzle attached thereto and located so as to produce a blast in said smoke outlet consisting of an outer casing A having an upper ledge G of an inner cone C provided with la flange H adapted to seat against ledge G, a valve ring U attached to the body of cone C by means of distance pieces and adapted to cover openings W in casing A when the cone is raised and flange II is seated on ledge G and to uncover said openings when the cone is lowered with means for raising and lowering the cone, substantially as described.

6. A blast device for a furnace, consisting of the combination of a nozzle attached to an engine exhaust passage provided with a main outlet with an inner hollow open ended blast cone, serving to contract or expand said outlet, of au auxiliary valve attached to the said cone adapted to expand and contract auxiliary outlet openings in said nozzle and means for raising and lowering the cone to contract and expand said main and auxiliary nozzle openings, substantially as described.

SAMUEL A. LIVINGSTON.

Witnesses:

ARCHI). MCLEAN, GEO. R. FERGUSON.

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