US5122A - X s smut-machine - Google Patents

Description

J. E. WRATTEN.

Smut Machine.

j No, 5,122, Patented-May 1511847;

u. PETERS, Pholu-Lithngnphnr. Wnhingmmyft.

UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

JAMES EDW. WRATTEN', OF RUSH, NEW YORK.

sMUr-MAcHInE.

Specification of Letters Renews. 5,122",' dated"May"15; .1847.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES to the annexed drawings of the same, ing part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the mamakchine as prepared for use.- Fig. 2 is a 'per-, spective view of the frustum of a cone, or rubber, as usually called, and the mugs of sheet iron teeth, or rubbers, for rubbing offthe smut from the grain secured to the convex surface of the rubber; and of the. shaft and pulley by which it is revolved within the hollow perforated stationary frustum of a cone-or concave, as it is generally termed. .Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the interior or concave surface of the inverted conical bottom or-base of the view of one of the rings of sheet iron beaters detached from the revolving frustum: of a cone. Fig. 5 is'a vertical section of the oil cup tube or guard and lower end of the shaft. 1

As I intend to confine my claim to the manner of constructing the revolving frus' tum of a cone rubber (which is the most important part of the machine) I shall hereafter give a particular description of that part, and a general description of the other parts. But before doingth'i's I will give an outline of the principles of the machine which I have attempted'to improve.

The smut machine that I propose to make and use should have a conicalform, in order that the grain in its descent and passage through the machine, should be kept as much as possible on the surface of the revolving rubber where the rubbing must be done. Millers have heretofore depended too much upon the roughness of the inside of their concaves, and hence their failures.

The concave should be smooth instead I of rough and the perforations made from the outside and left smooth and the pieces removed from the perforations. The cyl-;

j such formed rubbers that will not grow I Eownno -WRATTENJ, ofv the town of Bush, in the county. of Monroe and State of New York, have invented a new and useful, Improvement in Smut-Machines. for Smutting or Cleaning Wheat and other Kinds of Grain, which is? described as follows, reference being had dull, but on the contrary sharper by use. It should: revolveabout 450 revolutions per minute instead of 600 or 700 times as is nomical. I I I The concave should be so formed and punched that it will admitthe most air,

"usual in common smut machines, for the slow speed saves gram from be1ngcut,-and

' made-or Itepairedandbe durable and ecodischargethe mostdust, and be. the most durable. When the concave is left rough iii inside, as is common, the roughness, hinders the free discharge of the dust; andbeside,

when the. roughness ofjthe punching on the inside of the concave wears, ofi',;it leaves the holes too large, and the grain will escape iii through them, and then the concave becomes useless; but, if it be left smooth on the in s de, as mine is intended to be, such would not be the consequence. vIn forming the apertures for the discharge of the dirt the pieces should be entirely out out which will render the concave more durable and .pro-

duce freer discharges. The bottom of the concave should be funnel shaped, instead of flat or horizontal. fiat bottom and small discharge aperture therein, requires four times the power to A smut machine with a? drive it, than one with an open funnel shaped bottom. In the flat bottomed machine with a small discharge aperture near i the circumference the grain is forced outin a mixed condition with the smut by the revolving of the rubber. It is found in practice that the wheat in its passage "down through the ordinary smut machine carries' 5 with it a great portion of smut and dirt,

l and when the whole arrives at the bottom 7 of the rubber, the rubber rolls the wheat I and dirt together in concentric circles be fore it passes out atthe discharge opening, I

and, as is often the case, and especially if the grain be damp, it often looks worse after passing through the machine, than before it entered it.

Currents of air are necessary to be produced through'the perforations in thefcase or concave simultaneously with therubbing operation.

Take either one of the above properties I away from my machine and the machine will be defective, which will be evident to I practical millers.

In the annexed drawings similar letters refer corresponding parts.

A is the bed plate or concave base or bot tom cast with a circular openingin the center.

B is the movable funnel shaped cover for closing said opening in the base for discharging the grain. y l

C is the door in said funnel shaped cover for the purpose of gaining access to the oil cup and collar for oiling the shaft or spindle.

C is an opening in which the grain is discharged. D is the bridgeor stirrup the oil cup cast with the stirrup and base plate.

E of the spindle is stepped.

F is the sliding sheet iron tube or guard for preventing the grain dust, or dirt, or smut getting into the oil cupnotched 1n the lower end so as to fit over the arms d 03 of the stirrup D and made of the requisite diameter to encircle the oil cup to which it is fitted tight and to enter a circular hollow cap secured to the bottom or base ofthe revolving frustum of a cone rubber and'of such length that it will slip up over the shaft and inside the aforesaid cap attached to the rubber when gaining access to the oil cup for examining the foot of the spindle or the condition of the step-t-ointroduce oil or for any other purpose.

G is said cap and g the flange by which it is secured to the rubber by screws or bolts.

H is the shaft of the rubber.

I is the pulley by which it is turned.

J is the concave made ofsheet iron in tapered segments perforated over the surfaces in oblong openings about 2 inch long by wide for the escape of the smut and other dirt being left smooth for the free discharge of the same.

K is the top of the concave made in the form of a circular flat ring.

L are cast iron ribs bolted to the upper side of the base and the under side of the top and including the concave.

M is a concentric ring-made of two cast iron semi-circles flanged and bolted to the cap as at d Fig. 1 having an oblong openin in one of the semi-circular plates into which is fitted a flaring pipe as represented at e Fig. l which receives the spout that conducts the grain to the rubber and concave. V

N is a skeleton frame cast with the top plate the case containing a box in the center of the top of said frame in which the upper end of the shaft turns covered by a lid 6 to keep out the dust.

the center through I for supp orting is the oil cup into "which' the foot d vv The revolving frustum of a cone rubber P; for separating the smut from the grain is made in the following manner. The bottom'or lower end should be made of wood or other more suitable material about 26 inches in diameter for an ordinary machineits sloped sides, which are likewise made of wood, about 29 inches long and top or upper end about 14: inches diameter, secured well together and to the shaft. Before putting on the sheet iron covering (a section of which is seen at Fig. 4) the top or upper head must be fixed on the shaft in such manner that its upper surface shall be about one inch below the underside of the topof the case or concave and the bottom or lower head about one inch above the concave base of the case; in order that the machine may have a free discharge all around the bottom of the rubber said heads beingcovered with sheet iron or tin to protect them from'injury from the action of' the grain. The

outer covering is composed of. sheet iron rings Q of horizontal teeth, as represented at Q Fig. 4, of tapered form and reduced diameters from bottom to top. Each ringof teeth ismade from a strip of sheet iron of the required length to -encircle the body of therubber for which it isintended about 2% inches wide. The strip is then cut into for the wood of the frustum of afcone around which it is to be nailed fast. The

said teeth are' 'cut out from the sides of the teeth 15'; inches long-leaving 1 inch wide ,uncut to serve as a covering and protection Strips being %Of an inch wide at the points or outer ends and 2 of an inch wide at the basis or parts joined to the rings and are 1;; inches apart. Theteeth are bent. or turned outward so as to stand horizontal when the rings are nailed to the body forming an obtuse angle-with theflat surfaces of the rings. The rings are put on the wood frustum of a cone with their edges close together gradually diminishing in diameter from bottom to top. The revolving rubber when finished as represented at Fig. 2 must be placed in the stationary concave represented 1n Fig. 1' leaving a space of about a of an inch between the points of the teeth teeth out the smut from the grain asait passes from the top to the bottom among the teeth and at the same time .produce a' suflicient blast within the concave to blow .125 The horizontal pyramidal shaped sheet iron the smut and dust and dirt from the concave through the oblong apertures therein, while the grain descends and passes from the concave through the funnel shaped bottom being cleaned of whatever smut or dirt may chance to be with it by means of a common fan arranged in any convenient way below the rubber and concave. 7

It will be understood of course that the size and materials of which the machine is composed will be varied at the pleasure of the constructor.

What I particularly claim as my invention and improvement in this smut machine is- The mode of making the rubber P substantially as above described-that is to say, covering the external'convex surface of the frustum of a cone with sheet iron rings of trapezodial shaped teeth combined and arranged and operating in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

JAMES E. WRATTEN.

Witnesses:

JOSEPH WOODGATE, JOSHUA F. RUNLET.

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