US511772A - Curve-scriber - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) I

H. HARRER.

CURVE SORIBER.

No. 511,772. Patented Jan. 2, 1894.

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Darren STATES PATENT @rrrea.

HENRY HARRER, OF ALLEGHENY, PENNSYLVANIA.

CURVE=SCRIBER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 511,772, dated January 2, 1894. Application fi16dAp1l14 l893| Serial No. 469.026. (No model.)

To (0% whom it may concern:

Be it known that- I, HENRY HARRER, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Allegheny, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Simple Harmonics Machines, of which the following is a specification,reference beinghadtotheaccompanying drawings.

This invention has relation to simple harmonies machines and is particularly adapted and designed to produce an almost limitless number of mechanical motions.

This invention has for its object the provision of novel means for producing a mechanism for drawing, carving, marking or producing mechanical motion along circles of any desired diameter, ellipses of any major and minor axes, lines at any angle to a fixed right line, within the limits of zero and one hundred and eighty degrees, parabolas, and innumerable other closed curves whose equations may readily be calculated; furthermore, for converting the motion of a point or pin moving in the path of the above mentioned curves into two circular motions; furthermore, in combination with a uniform motion along a right line to draw a cycloid and an indefinite number of other mathematical curves; furthermore, to produce an innumerable nu mber of designs consisting of curves and lines of different degrees and angles.

With these object in view, my invention consists in the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts more particularly hereinafter described and specifically pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification and wherein like letters of reference indicate cor- Figure. 1, is a plan view of my machine. Fig. 2. is a bottom View of the same. Fig. 3. is a side View, taken from the line 03-00, of Fig. 1.

In the drawings, M, represents the base plate supported on four standards F, F, F, F. On the upper side of said plate, are arranged the cranks C, carrying the slides D, and D, along which the pins P, and P, may be adjusted. The said cranks O, and O, are fixed to the same shaft with the gear wheels IV, and W respectively. Athird gear wheel W, carried in a bearing adjustable along the semi-circular slot B, in order that it will gear with the wheels \V, and W whatever be the diameter of the former, may be revolved by the crank H. Two arms A, and A, bearing on one end the transverse slotted heads S, and S, (which are respectively perpendicular to A, and A,) are reciprocated by means of the rotation of the pins P, and P, which are free to move from right to left in the transverse slotted heads S and S. The slots E, and E, are of such length and proportion and so arranged that at every possible position of the arms A, and A, the slot E, will be over some portion of the slot E. The arms A, and A, are guided in slides V, and V, respectively. Said slides may be adjusted in the slots N, and N, so that the motion of the arms A, and A, will always be along the radii of circles whose centers are the centers of motion of the cranks O, and (1. The arms A, and A, may be placed at different angles to each other as will be obvious.

About the centers of motion of O, and O, degree scales are marked, also on the sides of the slots N, and N. The slidesD, and D, likewise carry lineal scales. At the intersection of the slots E, and E, a suitable bearing K, is inserted, in the center L, of which a pencil, marker, cutter or crank pin may be placed.

Operation: \Vhen it is desired to give a certain movement to L, I set the arms at the required angle, then place a wheel of the required diameter at IV, and adjust W, accordingly. The cranks O, and O, are next set at the proper angles, and lastly the crank pins P and P, are adjusted.

To draw a circle, for example, let the diameters of W, and W be the same, adjust the arms A, and A,-at ninety degrees each and adjust the pins P, and P, at equal distances (a), place the crank O, at ninety degrees, and O, at one hundred and eighty degrees. On rotating H, a circle of a diameter 2 will be described by L. To prove this, let the center of co-ordinates be at the center of figure; let the horizontal axis be the axis of m, and the vertical, that of y; let 6, equal the angular velocity, and t, the time; then let a radius, 00 a cos. t 9 (1), g ct sin. 25 S (2). Squaring (l) and (2) and adding, I have w 11/ 611 the equation of a circle.

To describe an ellipse, let the adjustment be exactly the same as for a circle, except that the pin P, be at (a) and P, at (b); then by rotating the crank H, L, will describe an ellipse whose semi-axes are (a) and (b); for

mza cost e (l) zc/ct cos. t 6 (3), g b S111. t e (2) y/b:sin. t (4).

q aging (3) and (4) and adding I have:

'1 =1, the equation of an ellipse.

002a cos. re, oc/azcos. 15% (1), 11:1) cos. t%, y/bzcos. t e (2).

tcc/a y/b or m a/by the equation of a right line passing through the center of ordinates. l-By turning the machine so that the arm A, 1s perpendicular to its former position we may describe angles between ninety degrees and one hundred and eighty degrees.

To describe a parabola set A, and A, at nlnety degrees, substitute at W, a Wheel twice the dlameter of W set C, at one hundred and eighty degrees and O, at one hundred and eighty degrees, set P, at (a) and P, at (b). By revolving the crank H, a parabola is described by L; for let the axis of x pass through the figure parallel with A, the one arm, and

the axis of ythrou h the center offi 'ure arallel with A; then a p w=b cos. t% (1) oa/b cos. t e, y a cos. 2t e (2) y/azco's. 225 e. (3) y/a cos. 2t -sin. 2t e.

Squaring and multiplying by 2 sq. (l) we have, 2as Q cos. 2t v (4). Subtracting, (4) from (3) we have:-.

Transferring the axes to the point where the curve intersects the axis of y by substituting for y in (5), (21-0.), and we have 512: y,

set in motion another set of curves will be produced which will differ from those just considered.

If the machine is set to describe a circle and the velocity with which the paper moves be equal to that of the crank pins P, and P, and is uniform a cycloid will be described. It becomes evident therefore that the variety of curves that may be described by means of this mechanism is practically limitless.

For the purpose of more clearly illustrating the practical application of my invention, I wish to call particular attention to the fact that instead of causing a piece of paper to move laterally under the mechanism, by proper arrangement I may cause a board to move so and have a rotating cutter head guided by the mechanism in K. All kinds of ornamented curves may thus be carved out on its surface. WVhen the lateral motion is stopped, while the mechanism continues to be operated another set of curves is carved by the cutter.

Should it be desired to turn a paraboloid, an ellipsoid or a cone of any particular dimensions, by suitable arrangements my mechanism may be used to guide the cutter.

- If it be desired to transform the motion of a pin along an ellipse,into a circular motion,

or that of a pin vibrating in a parabola or right line at any angle, into circular motion,

such motion may be so converted by causing the pin to act on L, and adjusting the mechanism as heretofore described.

The arrangements of the slotted arms E and E, which are set at right angles to A, and A, may be changed to suit the particular demands of the mechanism. Thus where greater strength is required as in guiding a cutter head, the slots E, and E, should be arranged perpendicular to A, and A, and so arranged that the center of the said slots E, and- E, are in the axial lines of A, and A, as in the case of the transverse slotted heads S, and S, and the said arms A, and A, should be of such lengths that when the slots of heads S, and S, are directly over the centers of motion, of O, and C, at the same time the centers of the slots of E, and E, will be directly over each other.

IIO

Instead of the wheel W, to drive W, and

W two shafts at right angles to each other and carrying miter gear wheels meshing with each'other, may be employed to connect with the primary source of power; furthermore, instead of the transverse slotted heads S, and S, connecting rods, might be used but inasmuch as these would have to be adjusted in length for each change of position of P, and P, or otherwise shift the center of figures, I find it preferable to employ the arrangement as illustrated in the drawings.

It will be obvious in view of the above alterations, that various changes may be made in the detail construction of my machine, without departing from the general idea involved; also that the mechanism may be em ployed with great advantage to an innumerable number of machines.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is 1. In a mechanism for combining simple harmonic motions to act together on a point, consisting of a base plate M, supported by standards F, F, F, F, the arms A, and A, having slots E, and E, cranks C and O, carrying slides D, and D, pins P, and P, the gear wheels WV, W, and V of any suitable diameters, the crank H, attached to the shaft carrying the wheel V, the transverse slotted heads S, and S, and the marker L, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a simple harmonics machine, the combination of the base plate M, having arranged thereon cranks C, and O, carrying the slides D, and D, and the pinsP, and P, the wheels W, and W fixed to the same shaft as the said cranks O, and G, semi-circular slot B, the wheel \V, the crank H; the arms A, and A, carrying on their one end the transverse slotted head S, and S, and at their other extremity the slots E, and E, the slides V, and V, and the slots N, and N, all parts operating substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a simple harmonics machine, consisting of a base plate M, mounted on suitable supports F, F, F, F, having arranged thereon arms A, and A, carrying on their free ends the transverse slotted head S, and S, and at their other extremity the slots E, and E, the slides V, and V, moving in slots N, and N; a series of gear wheels of different diameters and suitable means for operating the same substantially as described, the cranks C, and O, carrying the slides D, and D, and the pins P, and P, for the purpose set forth.

4. In a simple harmonics machine, the combination of a base plate M, having arranged thereon arms A, and A, carrying on their free ends the transverse slotted head S, and S, and at their other extremity the slots E, and E, and marker L; the cranks O, and O, carrying the slides D, and D, and the pins P, and P; a series of wheels W, W, W the crank H, the slides V, and V, adjustable in the slots N, and N the semi-circular slot B,

the bearing K, carrying the marker L, all parts being arranged and operating substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a simple harmonics machine, the combination of the base M, mounted on suitable supports, arms A, and A, arranged on said plate forming at their free ends the transverse slotted head S, and S, and at their other extremity the slots E, and E, and the bearing K, and marker L; the cranks O, and 0, carrying the slides D, and D, having scales, the pins P, and P, a train of gear wheels the crank H, the slides V, and V, the slots N and N, having scale and the semi-circular slot B, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a simple harmonics machine, the combination of the base, M, mounted on suitable supports, arms A," and A, arranged on plate, forming at their free ends the transverse slotted head S, and S, and carrying at their other extremity the slots E, and E, the bearing K, and the marker L, the cranks O, and 0, carrying the slides D, and D, and the pins P, and P, the wheels W, IV, W the crank H, the slides V, and V, the slots N, and N, and the semi-circular slot B, substantially as described.

7. In a simple harmonics machine, the combination of the arms A, A, operating in conjunction with each other and arranged at right angles, greater than right angles, or less than right angles, to each other; the base plate and a train of gear wheels the cranks, the slides and suitable means for operating the same, substantially as set forth.

8. In a simple harmonics machine, the combination of the arms A, A, operating in conjunction with each other and arranged at right angles, greater than right angles or less than right angles, to each other, the base plate and a train of gear wheels, the slides and slots, all substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HENRY HARRER.

Witnesses:

H. O. EVERT, H. E. SEIBERT.

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