US511398A - Chandelier car-lamp - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets- 81mm; I.

BOESGH. GHANDELIER CAB, LAMP;

NO.'51 1,'398. Patented Dem-.- 2-6, 1893.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EMILE BOE SCH, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

CHANDE LlER CAR-LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 511,398, dated December 26, 1893.

' Application filed June 13, 1892. Serial No. 436,575. (No model.) I

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EMILE BoEsoH, a citizen of the United States, residing in the'city and county of San Francisco, State of California, have invented an Improvement in Chandelier Oar-Lamps; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to certain improvements in car chandelier lamps.

It consists in certain details of construction, which will be more ful y explained by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 (Sheet 1) is a side view of my device showing a vertical section of the upper part of the right lamp. Fig. 2 (Sheet 2) is an enlarged vertical section of the lower. part of one lamp and the oil reservoir and its connections. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the reservoir and its cup. Fig. 4 (Sheet 1) is a horizontal section showing the supplemental air passage.

The object of my present invention is to provide an oil lamp fixture having an Argand burner with a closed air chamber below, receiving an air supply through conduits from above or on the outside of the roof or ceiling from which the chandelier is suspended; a means for more perfectly regulating the draft, and the escape of products of combustion, thereby giving a better light with the same size wicking, avoiding smoke, smell, and blowing out of the flame, and for opening or cutting 0% the oil supply from the reservoir, and in details of construction whereby the various features are carried out.

In the present case I have shown A as an inverted U-shaped tube, the upper end of which is provided with a screw shank B by which it may be attached to the car roof or ceiling. The chandelier is, however, also secured to the ceiling by means of the annular air chambers O and reflectors, provided with flanges and small holes therein to fasten them to the woodwork with screws. The airtubes or branches A of the tube A lead the air from the outlet'of said annular chambers O to the oil fixture and burners. These tubes A may be connected to the reflector or annular air chambers without passing up through them. The reflectors or annular air chambers secured direct to the ceiling, however, provide all the necessary strength and safety.

Through the centers of the air chambers C and reflectors, the extension tubes R of the chimney pass, and these are surrounded by an exterior tube E, between which and the outer wall of the chamber casing air is admitted from above, passing down through said annular casing, and becoming heated during its passage. The tubes A connect and pass through or connect only with the sides of the air chambers, so that a passage is formed through the lower part for the air to pass down. At and between the lower ends of the tubes A, is supported a cup or socket F into which the oil reservoir G is placed. From the sides of this cup arms H extend outwardly and carry the burners at their outer ends, and the lower ends or feet of the tubes A are attached to these arms by screw collars provided with set screws to preventtheir turning loose, as shown at I, and these, when unscrewed, allow the whole of the lower part of the apparatus to be removed for inspection or repairs without detaching the air chambers and reflectors from their support in the roof. At the outerends of these arms H are supported the Argand burners K having the wick tubes supplied with oil from the central reservoir through small tubes L extending beneath or within the branches H and connecting with said wick tubes.

The air supply which passes down through the reflector chambers and the tubes A, passes also through the branches H with which the tubes A connect, and is discharged into the chamber casings of the burners. To the bottom of these burner casings are screwed the drip cups M without the usual holes to supply air to the central draft tube of the burner,

and these hermetrically close the lower ends of the casings and prevent any entrance of air at that point, also preventing any overflow of the drippiugs of oil or waste from the burners.

The perforated part N of the centraljdraft tube is below the top part of the drip cup, and this, if it should become filled with oil, would prevent the air entering into the draft tube, and thus indicate that it is time toempty the cup. The air supply which passes into this inclosed burner casing is divided, part of it passing down through the central perforated tube N, and thence up inside the circular wick tube of the burner, while the remainder passes directly up within the outer caslng and through the conical perforated surface 0, to the space within the chimney P, and outside of the wick, thus supplying air on both sides of the wick for its combustion. no This burner is provided with a disk or flame spreader but this may be dispensed with.

"When the lamp is not lighted there is no heated air to create an upward draft through the glass chimney and its extensions. Thus when the car is moving at a great speed, the draft might be reversed, that is the air might enter the exhaust apertures and find its way out the supply apertures. In such case the burner is most difficult to light as the flame 1s drawing downward, and before the glass chimney can be put in place to cause the hot air to rise, the flame is liable to go out. This is prevented by shutting up the supply air passages, or giving access to surrounding air 2 5 within the chamber or burner casing, or still better both are done at thesame time during the moment while the burner is lighted. As soon as this is done and the glass chimney put in place, the tem porary operation is closed and the regular air supply passage opened, when all works to perfection. K, Fig. 1, shows this passage closed, and in Fig. 4 it is shown open while the regular supply passage is closed.

The lower end of the chimney fits into a groove Q of the chimney holder, fitting with a proper joint in or around the top of the burner casing, and rests upon soft asbestus or other suitable packing material which will make a tight joint, and prevent any entrance of air around the bottom of the chimney, particularly when pressed down by the metal extension chimney. The upper end of the chimneyextends into the flaring or conical base B of the extension tube B. This extension tube passes up inside of an outer tube E, and has longitudinal ribs T upon its outer sides which serve to guide it and keep it equi-distaut from the sides of the tube S. It will be manifest that the ribs T might be on the inner sides of the tube E and serve the purpose equally well. Surrounding this tube R is a spiral spring U, the bottom of which presses upon the diverging conical base R while the 55 upper end fits against the shoulder formed at the point where the tube E connects with a larger lower part E of the tube E. 'lhelower part of tube E or E is diverging to create a circulation of cool air around the conical part B. of tube R, and to make room to allow the raising of the same, also to give easier access to the upper part of the glass chimney when inserted at an angle into said conical part of extension tube R, while the straight part E 65 is made wider than tube E to make room for the spring and support for its upper end, and the elasticity of this spring keeps the movable tube R always in contact with the top of the chimney. At the same time it allows this extension to be raised when the chimney is lifted up for the purpose of raising for lighting, or taking it off from the burner, so that it is easily disengaged at any time, but will at all times maintain a tight joint. A pin 1' passes through the upper part of tube R to prevent falling out when the glass chimney is removed.

The oil reservoir G is filled through an opening in the bottom of it which is closed by a screw plug G fitting in the bottom of the cylindrical extension G2 which projects downward from the bottom of the reservoir. Around this extension is aband or rim aw hich is adapted to turn about the extension, and is kept in place by means of a pin 12 projecting from one side of the extension and passing through a slot 1) in the movable band. The movable band has also a hole I) made through it, and a corresponding hole g is made in the extension so that when the band is turned to a cero tain point the holes in the band and in the extension will coincide, and the oil from the cylinder will be allowed to flow out through the opening, and thence down into the lower part of the cup F in which the oil reservoir 5 sets, and from thence through the small pipes within or below the arms H to the burners, until it reaches a level in the burner to correspond with the holes I) and When the oil reservoir is entered into the socket or cup F it is locked therein by means of the spring f extending over the projecting ring 0 and fitting a notch d therein, thus preventing both the rising and turning of reservoir. In this position it is retained in daytime, but at night when the oil is wanted to flow, the reservoir is turned so far as to engage the spring in another notch e which will open the valve to allow the oil to flow, as will be shown by an indicator. When it is desired to remove the oil reservoir, the valve is again closed by turning the reservoir to the first mark, when the spring is disengaged and the reservoir lifted out of its socket or cup. A small hole g is made on the side of the reservoir to allow the air to enter into the reservoir to replace the oil as fast as it may consume in the burner.

Within the lower part of the cup F is an opening of such size as to receive the extension of the oil reservoir and its surrounding band. A vertical slot f is made in one side of this small chamber, and a corresponding projection from the side of the band enters this slot when the reservoir is in place.

The reservoir has around its lower part a rim 0 having two notches d and e. f is a spring latch upon the side of the cup F, and when the oil reservoir is closed and set into the cup with the notch cl in line with this latch, the latch engages this notch and holds the reservoir in place, but it remains closed. When it is desired to open the same for the use of oil the holding latch is moved outward IIO sufticientto free it from the notch d on .the oil reservoir, and the latter is then turned around until the notch 6 comes in line with the latch and becomes engaged byit. In this position the holes in the extension at the bottom of the oil reservoir, and the band which surrounds it, will be in line and oil will then be allowed to escape and flow to the burners. The words open and closed or words of a similar import, may be marked at these two points on the oil reservoir, so that it will be easy to see in what position the oil reservoir is while itmust always be closed before it can be removed from the holder.

The outer bottom or shell of the socket or cup F is removable by means of a screw, the nut attached to the inner bottom of F and the screw to the outer bottom of the socket thereby making a movable drip cup, giving also access for inspection or'repair.

Upon the upper ends of the walls of the annular air chambers secured to and passing up through the woodwork of the car ceiling is fitted from the outside thereof a chimney top, constructed as shown to admit air into the interior of said annular reflector casing, and thence through the tubular hangers A and the arms H to the burner, while the heated air and products of combustion which afterward pass up through the chimney and the central extension thereof, are discharged within the upper part and beneath the cap S as shown by the arrows. The deflectors within this chimney top are arranged to create inner air connections and passages.

To connect both exhaust and feed air currents within the chimney top so that they act together to equalize instantly any pressure brought uponeither air current by a change or gust of wind, the annular air chamberC is connected with this point of junction of the two currents whence it takes all the air necessary for combustion.

An outside downwardly projecting flange or belt V surrounds both the air inlets and outlets, not only to prevent water, dust, or cinders, from entering the chimney top, but to allow the connection once more of said two air currents on the outside of the fixture from which point they started, and they are thus again subject to the same air pressure that may be caused by a strong draft. Underneath the belt is also a screening W covering both air inlets and outlets to still further prevent cinders from entering the chimney top.

The bases of the annular air chambers are lined with sections of reflector glass. One end is secured under the rim or collar, while the other end is secured by means of a small metal strip, while an ornamental ring Y surrounds the reflector as a whole, to hide the joints of the glass and strips, also making the fixture more ornamental; however, said bases might be covered or made of any reflecting material.

Having thus described my invention, what Iclaim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is v 1. In a lamp fixture, the air chamber surrounding the exhaust air tube surmounted by and connected with the chimney top, andprovided with inlet and outlet air passages and deflectors whereby both feed and exhaust air currents are directed independently while having direct connection with each other, in combination with an air passage or conduits to lead the air from said air chamber to the burner,substantially as herein described.

2. In an oil lamp fixture, an Argand burner having a closed air chamber and base, a removable drip cup secured to the lower part of the burner casing, an air supply conduit leading from above and delivering air into the air chamber of the burner, a joint whereby the drip cup hermetically seals the air chamber of the burner to prevent the admission of air except through the conduit and to prevent overflow of oil drippings, substantially as herein described.

3. In a lamp fixture, a burner having a closed air chamber and base, an air supply conduit leading from above and delivering air into the air chamber of the burner, a device to open said air chamber and close the regular air supply conduits during the tlme necessary to light the [lame and to replace the glass chimney, substantially as herein described.

4. In a lamp fixture, a burner or burners connecting with a cup or socket adapted to contain an oil reservoir, a spring catch and notches on the interior whereby the Oil reservoir is locked in place withinthe socket, and

prevented from turning from either of its positions, an opening from the oil reservoir and a valve or band by which the opening is closed when the reservoir is in one of its positions, and which is opened to allow the escape of the oil from the reservoir when it is in the other position, substantially as herein described.

5. In a lamp fixture, a removable oil reservoir and a cup or socket within which it is contained, a device to regulate the flow of oil from the reservoir and an automatic locking and indicating device whereby the passage from the reservoir may be opened or closed and its position indicated from the exterior, substantially as herein described.

6. In an oil lamp fixture, an air chamber surrounding the exhaust air tube and cut off therefrom, and consisting of an annular bottom or shell having the walls open at the top and extending up to the point of air supply within the chimney top, in combination with one or more hollow arms or conduits connecting with the base of the chamber and extending downwardly to lead the heated air from the chamber down to the burner wick and flame, substantially as herein described.-

7. In an oil lamp fixture, an air chamber surrounding the exhaust air tube, consisting of an annular bottom casing or shell with walls opening on top for the feed air supply provided with one or more hollow arms or conduits whereby air is conveyed from the supply to the burners, the base of said chamber covered or lined with a reflecting surlace, substantially as herein described.

8. In an oil lamp fixture, an air chamber consisting of an annular hollow reflector provided with an inlet opening on top and an outlet opening at the base for the supply of feed air to the burner wick and flame, substantially as herein described. :9. In a lamp fixture, the burner, the chimney, the longitudinally movable chimney extension and exhaust tube, the stationary tube of larger diameter Within which said chimney extension is movable, and the intermediate longitudinal strips by which it is maintained concentric therewith, substantially as herein described.

10. In a car lamp fixture, the reflector and reflector casings secured to the car roof or ceiling, and adapted to receive a supply of air from the exterior, air conduits, pipes or hollow arms by which the burners are supported in line beneath the centers of the reflectors, the oil reservoir with connections between it and the burners, in combination with a disconnecting device to each air conduit, whereby the burners and oil fixture may be removed from the reflectors and air conduit pipes without disconnecting the latter from the ceiling or root to which they are fixed, substantially as herein described.

11. In a lamp or lantern chimney top provided with air inlets and outlets for the sup ply and exhaust air necessary for combustlon, a belt concentrically surrounding both air inlets and outlets openings forming an open channel between said spaces, chimney top and belt thereby reconnecting said air supply and exhaust and balancing the air pressure caused by wind, substantially as herein described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

EMILE BOESOH.

\Vitnesses:

S. H. NoURsE, .T. A. BAYLESS.

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