US511119A - bullock - Google Patents

Description

[No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1, M. C. BULLOCK 8v S. W. DOUGLASS.

ROCK DRILL.

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TME NATQNM. UTMOGRAPHINQGOMPANY.

(No Model.) SSheets-Sheet 2. M. O. BULLOCK 85 S. W. DOUGLASS.

Rom;A DRILL.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

` M. o. BULLOGK an s. W. DOUGLASS.

ROUX DRILL.

No. 511,119. Patented Deo; 19, 1893.

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UNITED STATES PATENT Garros.

MtILAN C. BULLOCK AND SAMUEL W. DGUGLASS, OF CHICAGO, ILLNOIS; SAID DOUGLASS ASSIGNOR TO SAD BULLOGK.

Rock-DRILL.

SEGIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 511,119, dated December 19, 1893. Application iled May 17, 1892. Serial No. 433,354. (No model.)

rel is lfilled with Water which,byfrictional con- To if/ZZ whom it may concern: p tact With the rod and barrel, tends strongly to Be it known that we, MILAN C. BULLOCK canse the motion ot the rod to be imparted to and SAMUEL W. DOUGLASS, ot Chicago, in the barrel, so that in inost cases the core barthe county of Cook: and State of Illinois, have rel will tu rn with the drill rod, and by reason 55 5 invented certain new and useful linproveof its frictional contact with the core within ments in Rock-Drills; and we do hereby deit, or the Water which is present between the clare that the following is a full, clear, and core barrel and core, will exert a constant exact description thereof, reference being had twisting action on the core, tending to break to the accompanying drawings, and to the letor loosen the outer or free part of the same 6c ro ters of reference marked thereon, which form from its base and to give rotary motion to' anyv a part of this specification. detached or loose parts of thercore. Vvhen in Thisinvention relates to rock core drills or the use of such acore-barrel, in the operation drilling apparatus of that kind in which a of forcing the drill into the rock, a seam is tubular drilling tooi is used, which makes an encounterted, which interrupts the contin- 65 r`5 annular cut and forms a central body or core nity of the core, or the core is broken by the which extends into the tool and which may twisting action thereon of the core-barrel due be removed for examination in order to de' to the rotary motion of the drill tube, the determine the character of the strata through tached part of the core will revolve with the which the boring is carried. i, core barrel and will be therebycaused to grind 7o' zo The object of this invention is to so conagainst the stationary part of the core, With struct such apparatus that the core formed the resultof causing an appreciable loss of the in soft or friablc formations, such as salt, core in hard formations, and the practical declay and bituminous coal, may be preserved struction of the core in softor friable strata, While drilling and removed intact for inspecthereby defeating what is often the main pur- 7 5 z5V tion, as desirable in prospecting and under pose of the work, especially in prospecting, other circumstances. f namely, the securing of the complete core to To this end the invention consists in the show the exact character and thickness of all matters to be hereinafter described and parstrata bored through, both in character and ticularly pointed ont in the appended claims. thickness. With a View of overcoming these 8o 3e As heretofore constructed the tubular drillobjections the construction illustrated in the ing tool has commonly consisted of a tubular accompanying drawings has been devised. drill rod, provided Withia cutting head, and In the accompanying drawings: Figures I, having above its cutting head an internal 2 and 3 represent by longitudinal section, the tube or core-barrel, adapted to receive the top, middle and lower parts of a drill rod ein- 85 35 core as it is formed, and which is pivotally bodying our improvements. Fig. 4 isa transconnected with the drill rod so as to be free verse section on the line 1r-J: of Fig. l. Fig. to rotate within the latter, the intention be- 5 is a transverse section on line 5 5 of Fig ing that the core-barrel shallbe held station- `l. Fig. 6 is a transverse section on line 6-6 ary by its engagement with the core, so that of Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is a transverse section on 90 4c liability of breaking the core which would reline 7-7 of Fig. 3. Fig. S is a longitudinal sult from. the contact of the revolving drill section through the hoisting plug and the uptube therewith is avoided. This device, how per end ot' the drill rod section showing their ever,has not been found efticient in preservrelative positions when raising or lowering ing the core formed in friable strata,snch as the drill rods. Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sec- 95 45 is often encountered in prospecting; it being tion of a modified form of bit and core lifter. found that notwithstanding the pivotal con- Fig. 10 isa detailillustrating a modified forni nection of the core-barrel with the drill-rod, of clutch for the inner rods. Fig. l1 is a view the core-barrel rotates to a greater or less exin side elevation of a drilling machine and tent with the drillrod, owing to the fact that derrick adapted for use in connection with a roo 5o the space between the drill rod and core-bar drilling apparatus embodying my invention, In said drawings the drilling tool is represented as composed of an outer -tubular rod, A, which carries the annular cutting head or bit, B, at its lower end and is driven by connection with any suitable rock drilling machine, an inner stationary or non-rotating rod, C, extending throughout the entire length of the drill-rod, and a non-rotating core-barrel, D, attached to the lower end of the rod C, and provided with a core-lifting ring, E, of the usual construction.

The outer rod A is composed of tubular sections, A', united with each other by coupling sections, A2, the lowermost section being connected by' a sleeve, A2, with a coupling section, A?, which is in turn connected by a screw joint with the lowermost drill-rod section, A5, which contains the core-barrel, D. Said sleeve A2, coupling section A4 and lower drill rod section A5 have the same exterior diameter, and are preferably somewhat larger than the parts of the drill rod above the same. The lower end of the drill-rod section A5 is internally threaded to receive the threaded end, b, of the drill-head or bit B, said end b being tapered interiorly from its inner end to an annular shoulder, b', thus forming an inwardly and downwardly tapering chamber, b2.

The body of the core barrel D is of a diameter slightly less than the interior diameter of the drill-rod section A5, and is provided at its lower end with a female thread to receive the threaded upper end of a coupling sleeve, D', the outer surface of which is flush with the surface of said core barrel and having an inner diameter slightly greater than that of the bit B, and less than that of the core barrel D. The lower end of the coupling sleeve D is also threaded to engage a female screw formed in the upper end of a thimble, D2, the lower part of which is tapered to tit the tapering chamber b2 formed by the upper end b of the bit B, said sleeve being also tapered interiorly from the lower endv of its internal thread to an annular shoulder, d, formed at its lower end. Upon this interior tapered` surface of the thimble D2 is seated the lifter ring, E, which is of usual construction, consisting of a split ring of steel provided with interior ribs or lugs, e, and shaped eXteriorly to fit the inner tapered surface of the thimble or core lifter shell D2, and adapted to slide vertically therein; the shoulder d and the lower end of the coupling D constituting stops to limitthe vertical movement of said ring. The upper cylindric part of the thimble or core lifter shell D2 is of a diameter to fit snugly within the outer core barrel A3, and is provided with spiral or other grooves or channels, d' (Fig. 7) toV permit of the free passage of water downward between said shell D2 and the drill rod to the bit B. The upper end of the body of the said core barrel is threaded internally to engage the male threads of a head, D2, said barrel and head being further secured together by a set-screw, cl2, passing through the side of the core barrel into the head.

rlhe core barrel head D3 is provided with a central threaded opening through which passes the lower threaded end of a tubular rod C, said rod being secured immovably within the head by means of the set screw d2 which also locks said head D3 within the upper end of the core barrel D. rlhe lower end of this rod C is provided with a small vertical opening, c, which is closed by a screw plug, c', whereby communication between the interior of the tubular rod C and the core barrel D may be opened or closed for purposes to behereinafterexplained. Radialopenings,c2, are also formed in the lower part of this tubular rod C', which openings communicate with radial openings d3, formed in theflanged upper end of the core barrel head D2,said openings d2 leadingto the annular space between the core barrel and the drill rod section A5, as shown, whereby a flow of water passing down through the inner tubular rod C will pass outward through said radial openings, and down between the core-barrel D and the drill rod to the bit B. The rod C, which is rigidly attached to the core-barrel in the manner described, extends upwardly through the drill-rod and is held at its upper end'from vertical movement so that it serves to hold the core barrel positively from rotation during the operation of drilling. Means are provided, however, for holding the said core-barrel and rod C from longitudinal movement within the drill-rod, in order that the fsaid core-barrel may be carried forward with the drill-rod and retained in proper position with reference to the drill-head or bit, and so that the said rod C may be raised and lowered with or by the drill rod. For this purpose suitable vdownwardly and upwardly facing annular bearing faces or shoulders are formed on the inner surface of the drill rod and similar opposing shoulders on the core barrel or rod C, said shoulders in the construction shown being formed by means of the upwardly and downwardly facing ends of the coupling-section A4, the upper surface of the core barrel head D2 and the lower surface of the collar, F, on the rod C, between which core-barrel head and collar the said section A4 is located. In this construction the opposing shoulders formed by the top of the core barrel head and the lower end of the section A4, prevents the core-barrel being thrust or moved upwardly or backwardly within the drill rod, while the opposing shoulders formed by the collar F and the upper end of the said section A4, prevents the core barrel head or rod C from downward movement relatively to the drill rod. In other words, the shoulder at the lower end of said section A4 takes the upward thrust of the core barrel in drilling,while the shoulder at the upper end of .said section carries the weight of the yrod C by which said core barrel is held from turning. To enable the outer drill rod or tube A to rotate freely upon the inner rod C, notwithstanding endwise pressure between the parts, ball bearings, F and IOO IIO

a screw-threaded connection, as shown. Said head L' is provided with two arms, L2, L2,

which engage stationary vertical guides, L3, L3, (Fig. l1.) by which the head and the tube L are held from turning with the drill-rod. Said drilll rod is driven in the usual manner by a drilling machine, such as is indicated at Q, Fig. 1l, having a hollow driving and feed spindle, q, through which the drill rod passes, and which is provided with a clutch to engage the drill rod. The sliding splined connection between the tube L and sleeve M and the engagement of the cross pin m' of the latter with the uppermost one of the rod sections C2 C2, prevents the rotation of the line of said rod sections, while at the same time permitting said sleeve to slide vertically iu the tube to compensate for any slight variation in the lengths of the sections C2 C2.

To prevent the accidental disengagement of the longitudinally arranged clutch members of the rod `sections, C2 C)2 through the conveniently accomplished by the employment of a coiled spring, M', which is seated within the tnbeL and bears at one end against the end of the sliding sleeve M and at the other end against the closed part of the head L', as shown in Fig. l; said head and its tube L having swiveled connection with the two part tubular shell G, K, to prevent an upward or outward movement of said tube within said` two part shell, due to the outward pressure of the spring against the closed end of the head L'. V

In the construction shown, this swiv'eling connection consists of an anti-friction bearing, N, interposed between oppositely arranged projections or shoulders forming parts of, or attached to the tube .L and the upper member K of the two-part shell G K. To this end the tube L is provided exteriorly with a collar or flange, Z', andthe sleeve K is eni larged above the tlange Z to receive the lower steel ring n of the ball bearing N. The upper ring| n of this bearing rests in contact with a keeper ring, O, which is threaded exteriorly and engages the female threads formed in the upper enlarged part of the sleeve K, said ring O being further secured after adjustment by a set screw, o, Fig. l. The ball bearing thus takes the end pressure due to the action of the spring M', which spring by pressing against the closed upper end of the sleeve L tends to draw the said sleeve upwardly, and .to hold the flangel against the lower ringof the ball-bearing, the upper ring of which presses against the ring O, as described. A male thread is formed upon the upper end of the tube L, which thread engages the threaded stem of an I-coupling, L', which in this instance constitutes the head of the tube L, and fromv this Y head project the branches or arms, L2, as already explained. The lower end of this head L extends beyond the screw-thread therein, and tits within the keeper ring O, and between the saine and the sleeve K a packing,

P, is interposed, said packing being confined between the upper end of the keeper ring O and the lower end of a gland, P', as shown in Fig. l.

In Operation the shackle H which supports the drill rods, will remain stationary and the shell or casing G K of the water swivel, with the drill rod A, will be rotated by the drilling machine, said swivel shell turning in the eye H' of the shackle and being supported thereon by the ball bearing N and sleeve K. The inner rod C with its core barrel D will meanwhile remain stationary, each section of said rod being held from rotating by engagement with that next above it, and the top section being held by the sliding clutch sleeve M, clutch tube L and its head L and arms L2. The weight of said inner rod is also supof the sleeve K which connects the inner and outer rods O and A. In order that the threaded connections of the inner rod C may not be unwound by the rotation of the drill rod A, left hand screw threads are used in said connections. The purpose of the vertical opening c in the bottom of the lower section C' of the rod or tube C, with its screw plug c', is to admit of obtaining a iow of water over the core, which is sometimes desirable when drilling in hard formations where there is little or no liability of erosion.

In the modification shown in Fig. 9, the core lifter shell (D Fig. 3) is dispensed with, the core lifter ring E being seated in a tapering chamber formed by the bit B and adapted to move vertically therein between the shoulders h' at the lower end of said bit, and the lower end of the inner core barrel D. This construction admits of the employment of a bit having a somewhat greater interior diameter, thus producing a larger core.

In the modified form of the clutch shown in Fig. 10, for the rod sections C2, the coupling sleeve C3 is threaded internally at one end to engage a male thread on the end of a rod section C2, the other end of said sleeve being notched to form crotches, c, and lugs, c7, corresponding to and adapted to interlock with similar crotches c3 and intermediate legs c4 at the other end of the rod section C'.

The hoisting swivel shown in Fig. 8 is of Well known construction, consisting of a sleeve, R,threaded at its lower end to engage the threads of the drill rod sections A, and passing at its upper end through the eye, s of a shackle, S. The upper end of the sleeve which projects above the eye of the shackle is threaded to receive a nut or nuts, fr, by which the shackle S is secured to the sleeve. By the employment of such a hoisting swivel the handling of the heavier and more cum- ICO IIO

F2 are arranged at each end of the coupling section A4 of the outer core barrel A3. The lower bearing F consists of a steel ring, f, seated upon the upper end of the core barrel head D3, and surrounding the end of the lower tube or section C of the inner rod C, but having free movement with respect to the drill rod. In the upper face of this ring f is formed an annular groove or channel within which is seated a series of steel balls, f', and resting upon these balls is another similar ring, f2, resting against the shoulder formed by the lower end of the 'coupling section A4, and so arranged as to have free Ymovementwith respect to the said lower section C of the rod C. The upper bearing F is similarly arranged in all respects, its upper ring fbeing seated against the collar F which, in the instance shown is held in place by engagement with a screw thread formed on the section C', said collar being locked upon the tube section C by a set screw, f4. In practice the section A4 of the drill tube is provided with a bushing, a, of brass or other suitable metal to afford for the tube C', a bearing whichmay be readily removed as it becomes worn from lateral pressure. The upper end of the drill rod coupling section A4 is provided with a male thread to engage a female thread in the lower end of a connecting sleeve A3, the upper end of which is also threaded internally to receive the male thread at the lower end of the drill rod coupling A2, which coupling is also provided at its upper end with a male thread to engage the lower threaded end of a drill rod section A the upper end of said coupling A2 forming an upwardly facing annular shoulder, a', the purpose of which will be hereinafter explained; The remainder of the drill rod sections A are connected with each other by similar coupling sections A2.

The inner rod C consists of a plurality of sections C C2 C2, corresponding in length with the sections A of the drill rod, the section C being the lowermost one, which is directly attached to the core-barrel, as above described, and the sections C2 C2 being those above the saine. Joints between the said sections adapted for the separation thereof by an endwise movement away from each other of the adjacent sections are formed by interlocking clutch members as follows: The upper end is notched to form a crotch, c3, the legs c4, c, of which are tapered to points at their ends and form guides leading to said crotch c3. The lower end of each section (except the lowermost one C) is inserted within a coupling sleeve, C3, and secured therein by a pin, c". Another pin, c5, extends diametrically across each sleeve C3 somewhat below the end of the section C2 which is secured therein, and the lower end of each section C3 is beveled interiorly to more readily receive the upper end of another section C or C2. rlhe sleeves C3 are made larger in external diameter than the internal diameter of the coupling sections A2, so that when the drill rod sections are disconnected from each other, each section will contain one of the` inner/ rod sectionsysustained therein by the contact of the sleeve C3 thereof with the upper end of the coupling section A2, which in every instance is left attached to the upper section in disconnecting -the sections.

In extending or lengthening a drill rod as the work progresses, a section A of the outer or rotating rod containing a section of the inner rod is attached by the means described and the section C2 with its coupling sleeve C3, which is within the said drill-rod section, is connected with the next rod-section C2 below it, without special attention on the part of the operator, the sleeve C3 being adapted to receive'the upper end of the rod section beneath it and the pin c5 therein to engage the crotch thereof. The legs c4 tapered or pointed as described, actto guide said pin c5 into the crotch c3 of the lower section, thus locking the sections firmly together, as far as the rotation of said sections is concerned. The drill rod is connected at its upper end with a water-swivel, by which the drill rod is supported in a manner to allow its free rotation, and is supplied with water which is forced downwardly through said drill rod for removing detritus from the cutting head. The

upper length or section A of the drill rod A engages a male thread formed on the lower end of a tubular shell or casing consisting of lower and upper parts G and K, connected by a screw joint, as shown. Upon a cylindric part of this shell is mounted a swivel linkor shackle, H, the eye, H', of which surrounds the part G and is held between a shoulder, g, on said part G, and a shoulderk on the lower end of the part K.

To reduce friction and provide a bearing surface that may be renewed to compensate for wear, the eye H of the shackle H is shown as provided with a bushing, h, of brass or other suitable material, and a friction washer or washers h', are preferablyv interposed between the flange g and the lower end of said eye H. Above the eye H of the shackle H is a ball bearing, I (Figs. l and 4) consisting of an annular series of steel balls, 1i, arranged between two grooved steel rings, fi, and t2, the lower one t" of which rests against the upper end of said eye Hand the lower one i2 against the fiange 7e.

The part G of the shell is bored to admit of the free passage through it of the inner rod C, the bore being enlarged above the upperv end ofthe drill rod section A to receive a tube, L, the bore of which is provided at opposite sides with grooves, Z, within which are seated feathers or splines, m, projecting from opposite sides of a sliding sleeve, M, attached tothe upper end of the rod-section C2 and adapted to slide endwise within said `tube L, the grooves Z and splines m being designed to prevent the rotation of the sliding sleeve M within the tube L. This tube L is attached at its upper end to a head, L preferably by IOO IIO

bersome water swivel is avoided during the hoisting out of the drill rod sections.

W claim as our invention- 1. A rock-drill `comprising a. tubular drill- `rod, acero-barrel, and a second rod ivthin the drill rod, attached to the corebarrel to hold the latter from rotation, substantially as described.

2. A drilling apparatus, comprising a rotatcore barrel from rotation with the drill rod,`

and means for holding. said core barrel and inner rod from endwise movement relatively to the drill rod, substantially as described.

4. A drilling apparatus, comprising a tubular drill rod, a core barrel, a second inner rod attached to the core barrel to hold the same from rotation, and oppositely facing shoulders or bearing faces on the said parts for holding the core barrel and inner rod from endwise movement relatively tothe drill rod, substantially as described.

5. A drilling apparatus comprising a tubudrill rod consisting of detachable sections, a core barrrel, and a second rod attached to the core barrel and extending through the drill rod, said second rod being formed of a plurality of sections provided at their ends with interlocking parts, separable by an endwise movement of the sections, substantially as described.

6. A drilling apparatus, comprising a tubu- `lar drill-rod, a core barrel and a second or inner rod attached to the core-barrel, said inner rod consisting of. a plurality of sections provided at their ends with interlocking .clutch members, separable by an endwise movement of the sections, and a spring acting endwise on the said inner rod to hold the interlocking part in engagement, substantially as described. v

7 A drilling apparatus comprising a tubular drill-rod consisting-of detachable sections united by coupling pieces smaller in internal diameter than the drill rod, a core barrel, and a second or inner rcdconsisting of detachable sections provided with interlocking clutch members, separable by au endwise movement of the sections and each of which is provided at its lower end with projecting parts adapted to engage the said coupling pieces of the outer or drill-rod sections, whereby a section of the inner rod will be held in each sectionI of the cuter rod when the sections of the latter are separated, substantially as described.

8. The combination, with a tubular drill-rod and a core-barrel, of a second inner rod attached to the core-barrel and consisting of separable sections, and interlocking clutches for uniting the sections of said inner rod, consisting of sleeves provided with cross-pins, and notched heads adapted to enterthe sleeves andl engage said pins, substantially as described.

9. A drilling apparatus, comprising a tubulardrill vrod, a core barrel Within the drill rod, a second rod attached to the core barrel and extending out of the drill rod to hold the core barrel from rotation with said drill rod, said inner rod being made hollow or tubular for the passage of water therethrough, substantially as described.

10. A drilling apparatus comprising a tubular drill rod, a core barrel within the drill rod, an inner rod attached to the core barrel and extending out of the drill rod to hold the core barrel from rotation with said drill rod, saidl inner rod being made tubular for the passage of water therethrough, and a channel or duct leading from the interior ot the inner rod to theD space between the drill rod and core barrel, substantially as described. i

1l. A drilling apparatus comprising a tubular drill rod, a core barrel within said `drill rod, an inner rod attached to the core barrel and extending out of the drill rod to hold the core barrel from rotation with said drill rod,

said inner rod and core barrel being provided relatively to the drill rod, substantially as described. y

12. The combination, with a tubular drillrod and core-barrel provided with a solid head, of a second inner rod attached to the core barrel, and made tubular or hollow for the pas- IOO sage'of water, a collar on the inner rod adjacent to the core-barrel, said drill-rod being provided with oppositely facing shoulders opposed to the upper end of the core-barrel and the said collar, and ducts or Water passages leading from the interior ot the inner rod through the core barrel head to the space between the drill rod and core barrel, substantially as described.

13. The combination with a tubular drillrod anda core-barrel, of a second inner rod attached to the core-barrel, a Water swivel attached to the drill-rod for supplying water to the same, said water swivel embracing a nonrotating part through which the water is supplied, with which the inner rod is engaged, and by which said inner rod is held from rotation. u

14. The combination, with a tubular drill rod and a core-barrel, of a second inner rod attached to the 'core-barrel, and a water swivel, comprising a'swivel head to which the drill rod is attached, a shackle, and anon-rotating lIO section of said inner rod, and a spring located within said sleeve and acting on the end of the rod, substantially as described.

In testimony that We claim the foregoing as x 5 our invention we affix our signatures in presence oftwo Witnesses.

MILAN C. BULLOCK. SAMUEL YV. DOUGLASS. lVitnesses:

C. CLARENCE POOLE, G. W. HIGGINS, Jr.

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