US510853A - Type baes - Google Patents

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US510853A
US510853A US510853DA US510853A US 510853 A US510853 A US 510853A US 510853D A US510853D A US 510853DA US 510853 A US510853 A US 510853A
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line
matrices
mold
matrix
square
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41B—MACHINES OR ACCESSORIES FOR MAKING, SETTING, OR DISTRIBUTING TYPE; TYPE; PHOTOGRAPHIC OR PHOTOELECTRIC COMPOSING DEVICES
    • B41B7/00—Kinds or types of apparatus for mechanical composition in which the type is cast or moulded from matrices

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  • MACHINE FOB PRODUGING TYPE BARS.
  • MACHINE POB PRODUGING TYPE BARS.
  • My invention relates to that class, or type ot mechanism employed for handling the matrices from which, when placed in orderly arrangement, a line or some portion of a line of type is cast. These are commonly known by the name of linotype machines.
  • 1t is my purpose, too, in organizing this ma- 6o chine, to combine with a suitable support, having a pluralityot line-chambers simple means for manipulating the matrices and assembling them in one of said chambers, means for rectifying, compressing, and holding the line, during the operation of -casting, and an intermittently rotating mold-carrier having a plurality of molds of *such novellconstruction and function, that the respectivemovements of the support containing the line-chambers, 7o as Well, as the movements of -the'mold-carrier may be made without interference, the mold accurately aligned and closed upon the line of matrices, and the cast made; to combine with said mold a vibratory melting-pot of novel construction means for vibrating the same to form a close joint between its exitopening and the mold, and mechanism for forcing the melted metal therein at the proper moment, means for insuring the automatic 8o and accurate engagement of the mouth of the pot with the open end of the mold, and
  • the invention consists in the novel features of construction and in the new combination of parts particularly pointed out and defined in the claims appended to this specification, in which the invention will be so fully explained as to enable those skilled in the art to which it pertains to make, construct and use the same.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevation of a machine embodying my invention, the upper portion of the matrix-magazine and lift or elevator, being broken away.
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the machine.
  • Fig. 3 is a view taken from the rear side of the machine, showing the magazine, the lift, or elevator, and the escapementmechanism, one half the magazine being in vertical, axial section.
  • Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a machine embodying my invention, the upper portion of the matrix-magazine and lift or elevator, being broken away.
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the machine.
  • Fig. 3 is a view taken from the rear side of the machine, showing the magazine, the lift, or elevator, and the escapementmechanism, one half the magazine being in vertical, axial section.
  • Fig. 4 is an elevation taken from the end of the machine, showing the mold-carrier partly broken away to disclose the matrix-line, the line-compressor,and portions of the type-bar ejector, the milling and the matriX-ejecting devices and the lift, the lower end of the jacket enveloping the latter being broken away.
  • Fig. 5 is a detail plan View showing the plurality linechambers and the support, preferably termed the square, by which they are contained; said figure also including the lift, in horizontal section, and parts of the line-driving devices, the line-compressor and holder, and
  • Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view, showing the pusher and the latch of theassembling-escapement.
  • Fig. 7 is a detail section of the spring-housing and the pusher.
  • Fig. Sis a detail plan view of the distributer Wheel.
  • Fig. 9 is a plan view of the receivingend of the matrix-magazine, the inclosing top and distribution-bar removed and the lift being shown in horizontal section.
  • Fig. 10 is a detail view showing the upper surface of the rotary matrix-table, usually termed the sequence disk, together with the assembling-chute, the relative position of the square being indicated in this and in the preceding figure by dotted lines.
  • Fig. 10 is a detail view showing the upper surface of the rotary matrix-table, usually termed the sequence disk, together with the assembling-chute, the relative position of the square being indicated in this and in the preceding figure by dotted lines.
  • Fig. 10 is a detail view showing the upper surface of the rotary matrix-table, usually terme
  • l1 is a detail view showing, in vertical section, one of the cells of the matrix-magazine, the distribution-bar and distributer-wheel and the upper portion of the lift, the jacket of which is partly broken away to expose the lifting spiral.
  • Fig. 12 is a detail section, taken in the horizontal plane 12--12, in Fig. 11.
  • Fig. 13 is a diagram showing the key-board and key-levers, to illustrate the manner of extending the lever-connection from the keyboard entirely around the exit-end of the magazine with the least possible bending of said levers.
  • Fig. 14 is a sectional elevation of the sequence-disk the assembling-chute, and the cell-chutes at the lower end of the magazine, part of the outer drum of the chute-ring being broken away.
  • Fig. 15 is a detail perspective of the sequence-table and assembling chute, the chute-ring being removed.
  • Fig. 16 is a side or edge elevation of the square, partly in section, together, with a portion of the line-advancing device or pusher, and the assembling-escapement.
  • Fig. 17 is a detail view, showing the interior face of one of the walls of the magazine, together with a part of the distribution-bar.
  • Fig. 18 is a sectional view, the section plane being taken horizontally immediately beneath the square, in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 19 is a detail section showing part of the square, and the matrix-ejector and its operating devices.
  • Fig. 20 is a sectional View showing part of the shaft operating the ejector, and the ciutch-connection.
  • FIG. 2l is an end view of the clutchdisk on the sleeve carrying the bevel gear through which revolution is communicated to the ejector.
  • Fig. 22 is an end View of the other member of the ejector clutch-connection shown in Fig. 20.
  • Fig. 23 is a face elevation of the mold-carrier, showing the plurality of molds and the rectifying-rules.
  • Fig. .23a is a detail perspective of the separator-ring and cam.
  • Fig. 24: is a central, vertical section of the mold-carrier and its immediate adjuncts, together with that portion of the square containing the matrix-line, and the matrix rectifying device and the gearing operating it.
  • Fig. 25 is an end-view of the bevel gear shown in Fig. 24, showing the matrix rectifying devices; the position of the square being shown by dotted lines.
  • Fig. 26 is a detail view of the face of lof Jrg
  • Fig. 27 is a detail view showing the automatic device for stacking the finished type-bars, as they are driven out of the molds.
  • Fig. 28 is a detail View showing the milling-devices which dress the parallel flat faces of the type-bars as they are driven out of the molds, and showing, also, the stacking device and part of the arm which operates it.
  • Fig. 29 is a detail perspectiVe of the planing tool.
  • Fig. 30 is acentral vertical section of the melting-pot, or crucible, showing, also, the means for vibrating the pot and for operating the piston, or plunger.
  • Fig. 3l is a view of the parts shown in Fig.
  • Fig. 32 is a detail perspective of one 'of the bracketsupports for the vibrating melting-pot.
  • Fig. 33 is a detail side elevation of a key, key1e ver and vertical bar for actuating an escapement; and
  • Fig. 34 is a detail sectional view of a part of the assembling table or square.
  • the line of matrices from which it was cast are driven out of the line-chamber, and carried up by the lift to the distribution-mechanism, whence they are returned to the cells of the magazine from which they were taken.
  • ak second type-bar is in process of casting at position number two, and the operator at position number one is also filling a third line-chamber in the square with a new line of matrices.
  • the type-matrices are substantially of the usual, well-known form, each having an intaglio of some letter or character suitable for use in printing, formed in its edge at the point 2.
  • These matrices are provided, at one end, with a notch, of substantially or approximately the form of the letter V, and upon the interim-edges thereof arethe hooks, or points 3, having a different arrangement in each matrix, and forming different combinations whereby their proper distribution is accomplished in Ithe well-known manner.
  • the magazine consists of a double,or inner and outer concentric metallic shell 3a and 4 Figs. 3, 9, so arranged that a uniform space shall be preserved between them at all points.
  • the magazine presents the appearance ofA an inverted, truncated cone having a small angle of Obliquity,
  • the inner shell 3 is supported at its lower or truncated end, by a thick collar 5, rigidly mounted upon a fixed vertical axis 6, which rises from a part of the machine-frame presently to be described. At its upper end said inner shell is supported by an open frame, or skeleton disk 7, rigid upon the axis 6 and engaging the inner face of the shell a little below its end.
  • the lower collar 5 rests upon a vertical fiange S, forming part of a circular base 9 which is rigid upon the Fixed axis 6.
  • An outer flange 10, concentric with the liange S, lies beneath and supports the lower end of the outer shell 4.
  • the flange 10 is preferably formed of a separate piece, though it may be a cylindrical continuation of the outer shell 4.
  • the annular chamber between the adjacent faces of the two fianges S, 10, is a very little greater in width than the matrices, and between the lianges are mounted plates 12, extending radially, or nearly so, and having a downward inclination with a gentle curvature, as their lower ends are approached, whereby they deviate to an angle between the vertical and horizontal, as shown in Figs. 3 and 14.
  • This curvature is similar throughout the series of plates 12, which are arranged at intervals corresponding to the intervals between the exit-ends of the cells in the magazine.
  • the plates 12 form what I term cell-chutes, by which name I will hereinafter designate them, their function being explained at another point..
  • the annular space in which they are placed will be termed the chute-ring, in the following description.
  • the cells of the magazine lie in the space inclosed between the adjacent faces of the inner and outer shells 3 and 4, the uniformity of such space being maintained by partitions 13, (Fig. 9) inserted at any suitable intervals between the two shells.
  • the magazine as a whole is rigidly held and rendered stable, by means of a strong, tubular column 14, Fig. 3, bolted to the same rigid part of the frame which sus tains the vertical axis 6, the upper end of the column being curved toward the middle portion of the exterior shell 4, to which it is firmly united.
  • the cells for the matrices, which each consists of two opposite slots, or channels, 15, so arranged that both lie substantially in a plane radiating from the tixed axis 6.
  • These slots or channels 15, extend from a point very near the top of the two shells 3 and 4, to the extreme lower end thereof, their dimensions being such as to receive and retain the laterally projecting lugs at the ends of the matrices, but permit perfectly free movement in vertical planes.
  • I prefer, in the present instance, to form these channels by planing away the metal upon the adjacent faces of the shells 3 and 4, thereby leaving thicker portions 16 (Figs. 9 and 17) which till the intervals between the cells.
  • said projections 18 are thus separated by short slots, or channels 19, which coincide with the cells 15.
  • the upper ends of said projections 18 are beveled oit on both sides at the same angle with the bevels of the ends 16.
  • the altitude of said projections, from the horizontal bases to the apices formed by their beveled upper ends, is such as to permit the upper and lower lugs upon the same side of a matrix to completely straddle the projection and move in a horizontal plane, one of said lugs traversing the space or channel 17, and the other passing just above the beveled ends of the projections 18.
  • the several cells 15, arethus arranged in a space which is circular, or annular in cross-section, and has a gradual contraction from the upper to the lower end, at which point they open above and immediately in front of the concave faces of the cellchutes 12.
  • the respective cells ot' the magazine, they pass down therein by gravity, until the matrix first introduced is arrested, a little above the exit end of the cell, byan escapement-mechanism,
  • the escapement-mechanism consists of a latch-bolt 20, Fig. 3, sliding in a substantially radial housing 2l, its line 1 of movement being at or about a right-angle to the line of movement of the matrices.
  • This latch-bolt is thrown inward normally, by a spring 22, supported by the housing 21, its end pressing upon the outer end of the latch-bolt,
  • the bolt is controlled 1 by a stopshoulder 20 and the first matrix descending encounters the point of said bolt, and is arrested, the outer lug upon its lower end pressing upon the point of the latchbolt.
  • a chamber, or recess 23, in the housing 2l is arranged alever 24, fnlcrumed between its ends upon a pivot-pin 25, and having its rigid lower end or terminal 26 projecting inwardly and lying just within an opening in the top of' the outer'iiange 10 in?r closing the cell-chutes l2, but not projecting into the outer channel 15 of the c'ell.
  • the upper end of said lever has any suitable connection with the latch-bolt 20, as, for example, that shown in Fig. 3, the end of the lever being rounded and laid in a seat or re-V cess, in the lower edge of the'latch-bolt, which lies directly over the chamber'23.
  • this form of connection is its simplicity and efficiency.
  • the housings 2l are arranged around about the base of the-magazine, and lie in thesame "radial planes with the Ycells or substantially so. The outer edges of said housings extend somewhat below the base of the magazine,
  • the two horizontal vflanges 27 and 29 are formed openings'in which ⁇ are'placed a series ofbars 30 Figs. 3 and 33, having substantially vertical arrangeiiient,'their upper ends enter- Aing the chambers 23l of the housings'2l and having their extremities beveled upon their inner edges to form wedges, the entering ends
  • These wedge-shaped ends lie 'in the narrow spaces between the outer end-walls of the housings and the lower ends of the levers 24, their outer, vertical edges supported by said walls and by the openings in the flanges 27 and 29, and' their beveled or angular edges restiugagainst or in close proximity to the outer edges'of -the levers 24 at the points where their lower ends curve, or bend inward, to form the terminals 26.
  • each bar is attached a spring'30a, of moderate tension, to restore the ba rs to their normal position after each stroke.
  • the lower ends of saidbars 30 ⁇ areextended below the flange 29 and are-connected to the keys of the key-board in the following manner.
  • a second bank of keys next to and at a higher level than the rst bank, is connected to key-levers 34 which pass beneath the magazine and connect to the hanging ends of the bars 30 which lie upon opposite sides of the fixed axis 6, four of such key-levers being placed upon each side.
  • the bars 30 to which they are connected will be supported a little above the point of such connection, by a raised iange 29 (Fig. 3).
  • the sixteen key-levers thus described operate the b ars 30 included in-or nearly in, the semicircumference of the base of the magazine lying upon that side of the axis 6 farthest from the key-board.
  • the second series of eight keydevers is, like the second bank of keys 32, arranged at a somewhat higher level than the first series, and is fulcrumed upon supports 35, mounted upon a second and higher bar 36.
  • the key-stems of the third bank are connected in substantially like manner and the fourth bank,which is highest and lies nearest the fixed axis 6 are connected to the bars 30 depending from the base of the magazine nearest to the key-board, their fnlcrums having a like construction and support.
  • This arrangement is simple and inexpensive and gives the necessary results without requiring a material extension of the easing 33.
  • one or more matrices may drop very near this point of entrance to the line, and one or more at a greater distance and it is evident that the latter may, and frequently will, be entitled to a position in the line of matrices preceding the former, but. if the order of entrance to the line be, in any degree, proportioned gto the relative distances to be traversed in ⁇ order to enter the line, there will be constant danger that the alphabetical arrangement will be destroyed.
  • I provide the following means.
  • a sleeve 37 Upon the fixed axis 6, Fig. 3, beneath the collar 9 is mounted a sleeve 37, its lower end resting upon a collar 3S rigid upon the said axis.
  • a disk 39 Upon the upper end of said sleeve is a disk 39, the upper surface of which is intermediately beneath the open bottom of the chute-ring inclosing the cell-chutes 12, the periphery of said disk lying at a point a little within the inner face of the flange 10, which forms the outer wall of the chute-ring.
  • a slightly raised circular portion 40,Fig.15 Upon the upper face of the said disk, adjacent to the fixed axis 6, is a slightly raised circular portion 40,Fig.15, which extends to, or nearly to, the open bottom of the chute-ring. From the edge of this raised portion to the periphery of the disk the surface is slightly lowered to leave an annular space 41, which is crossed at suitable intervals by ribs 42 of low relief.
  • a pulley 43 Upon the sleeve 37 is a pulley 43, by means of which the disk is driven at speed, its rotary movement being in the direction of curvature of the cell-chutes 12.
  • a spout-shaped linechute 44 At the left hand side of the fixed axis 6, and a little in front of the same, is arranged a spout-shaped linechute 44, Fig. 14, one of its walls being curved from the vertical chute toward the front of the machine and brought under the edge of the disk, bent upward in close proximity to said edge and then extended outward with its upper surface iiush with the annular space 41 of the disk.
  • This extended portion has a marginal ange, or rib 45, which extends backward and forms part of a hood 46 overhanging part of the downwardly curved wall of the chute.
  • This hood rises above the surface of the disk and from the inner side of the saine extends an arm 47, substantially parallel with the ribbed edge 45.
  • This arm crosses the annular space 4l of the disk in a line substantially tangent to the edge of the raised portion 40, its end being curved slightly inward to cross the said edge and its lower edge lying as close as possible to the same, without actual contact with the ribs 42.
  • the inteiior width be- IOO IIO
  • a matrlx is released at any point within the circular series of cells, or at any distance from the entrance at the line-chute 44, it must inevltably reach the mouth of said chute before a second matrix can be dropped, and the proper alphabetical order will thus be preserved, and every matrix will be brought in the order of its release to the single point of entrance to the line-chamber.
  • the matrix passes out of the exit-end of the cell in which 1t is stored, it drops upon one ofthe cellchutes 12, and slides down its concave face, the intaglioin its edge being outermost.
  • the line-chute descends to a point some disy tance below the sequence-disk, the extremities of its guides 48 hanging ⁇ j ust above the part containing the line-chambers, said part ⁇ as already mentioned being termed the This square is shown in full sizev thereof are narrow marginal spaces 52 upon the surface of the square and upon both sides of the channel 5l. These spaces are of sufficient width to readily admit the upper ends of the matrices with the lateral lugs which cross said spaces 52, and rest thereon. Upon the inner side of the channel 51 the spaces 52 upon all four sides of the square are bounded by the vertical faces of a raised rectangular portion 53.
  • a plate 54 raises, forming a boundary to the outer space 52, its upper edge being of the same height as the raised portion 53, and flush, or nearly so, with the tops of the matrices standing in line.
  • the edges of the square a part of which is Looking at one of shown in Fig. 19, with the end portion broken l away to show the interior of the line-chamber, it will be noticed that the inner vertical face 55 of the chamber 51 terminates a little above the under face of the square, see also Fig.
  • In the vertical plate 54 is formed an opening 5S, exposing the line of intaglios in the outer edges of the matrices in the line.
  • This opening is of such length and width as to admit the mold (Fig. 24) when the latter is moved up to the position for casting.
  • the square 50 contains, as shown in Fig. 5, four separate line-chambers 51, arranged upon its four equal sides, each chamber being of the length of a line of matrices required in casting a type-bar of full column-width, measured alphabetically.
  • the square is mounted upon a central sleeve-support 59, loose upon a vertical shaft 60 arranged upon the left hand of the fixed axis 6 of the magazine, and at the left of the operator as he uses the key-board, as in my Letters Patent before mentioned.
  • An intermittent iovement is given to the sleeve-support 59, by mechanism described hereinafter, by which it is turned in a horizontal plane through one-fourth 0f a cornplete revolution.
  • the latch-bolt 62 is thrown in, so that its point lies in the path of the lateral lug on the inner side of the matrix by means of a spring 66, the entire escapement being substantially identical with that shown in Fig. 3, in connection with the cells of the magazine.
  • the line-escapement its function being to prevent the lower one of the series of matrices standing endon-end in the line-chiite, from passing out ot ⁇ the latter until the preceding matrix has entei-ed the line-chamber and been advanced therein far enough to remove it t rom the vertical line of movement of its successor.
  • the plate 76 is usually made ot' thin steel, but any other material having suitable elasticity may bc used.
  • the end of the housing which is overlapped by said plate is loosely held by attachment in the space between the parallel plates, 74:.
  • the end of the housing nearest to the square is open to receive the end ot' a pusher 7 8, capable of moving freely in the line of its axis but held by a spring at its farther limit of projection from the housing 75.
  • the square end ot' this lies in the housing 7o and is provided with a pin 79 which hes in a slot 8O in the wall ot' the housing.
  • a spring 81 is located in said housing by which the pusher is normally projected, as in Fig. 7.
  • a leaf-spring 87 Mounted upon the frameAof the machine (Fig. 1) is a leaf-spring 87, so arranged that as the square makes its periodical quarterrevolution, the finger 86 will, as this movement is completed, be brought directly behind the end of the spring and into contact therewith or very nearly so, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 5, and in full lines Fig. 16.
  • the reciprocating pusher 7S At each forward movement of the reciprocating pusher 7S, its end abuts against the pushing-block S5, moving it forward against the resistance of the spring 87, thereby causing its forward end, which lies justin rear of the vertical matrix-entrance to pass into the linechamber and move the matrix standing in the said entrance into said chamber and out of the line of vertical movement followed by the matrices as they enter the line.
  • the pusher 7S is Withdrawn the pusher block. is instantly snapped back to its normal position by the leaf-spring 87, leaving the entrance opening unobstructed for the descent of the succeeding matrix.
  • This side lug stands, when the lever 64; is in its normal position, in a slightly inclined position, relatively to the line of movement of the strip S9, so that thc frictional contact of the latter upon the under face of the lug 90 will vibrate the lever 64; thereby operating the line-escapeinent, and allowing a matrix to pass in the line-chute far enough so that one of its lower lugs rests upon the lower end G4 Fig. 6, of the lever 64:, which is pushed into one of the guides 48 Fig. 16, bythe action of the straight end 89. In this position of the lever the sidelug 90 will assume a substantially horizontal position, its extended flat face resting upon the flat top of the elastic strip 89.
  • the time during which the escapement-lever 64 is held by the prolonged end 89 of the strip 88 is amply sufficient to permit the action of the pusher-block 85, by which the entrance-opening 61 is cleared, and to allow the complete withdrawal, or return of the said pusher-block 85, that it may be out of the path of the matrix which will next descend.
  • a follow-block or line-driver 91 preferably formed of a vertical block upon the end of a slide-plate 92 which rests upon the margins of the bottom-plate 56, Fig. 19.
  • the end of the slide-plate 92 on which the linedriver 91 stands is next the entrance-end of the line-chamber, and in its normal position the block stands, when the first matrix enters the line-chamber 51, with its vertical face close to the entrance-opening 6l, but entirely out of the path of the iirst matrix descending.
  • the line-driver moves step-by-step, toward the other end of the linechamber5l, as indicated in Fig. 5, where part of a line of matrices is shown, in process of assembling.
  • the line-driver 91 forms a support for the advancing end of the line, and its true, vertical face, against which the first matrix is driven, holds the latter and the entire matrix-series, in accurate position for casting, when the line is compressed.
  • the line-driver is not actuated by any constantly operating force, when the line is forming, but is moved in one direction by the step-by-step movement of the matrices as the line chamber is filled.
  • the line-driver is returned to the position at first occupied,"by devices which will be shortly described.
  • This return-movement is for the purpose of moving the matrices back to the point lof entrance, where they are removed separately for distribution.
  • the sole appendage of the line-driver 91, ⁇ for this purpose is a stud 93, Fig. 19, which hangs from the bottom of the slide-plate 92, passing through the opening in the bottom-plate 56, and receiving a friction roll 95.
  • the function of this device V will be explained in connection with the process of distribution.
  • the next step in order is thev locking-up or compression of the line, to bring it to exact column-width, in readiness for the casting of the type-bai'.
  • the square 50 is turned one fourth of a revolution, by means hereinafter described, thereby bringing the full lines of matrices assembled lnto a second position, and at the same time presenting an empty'line-chamber to the assembling n1echanism,as clearly seen in Fig. 5.
  • the reference-numeral 95 indicates the shaft-supporting the moldcarrier, 96.
  • This shaft extends horizontally directly over the center of the square 5U and at vsome distance above it. At one end said shaft has bearing in the frame A of the machine and passes underneath the base of the column -support 14. The other end after crossingthe melting-pot, receives support in a yoke-frame B, which straddles the meltingpot and is bolted to the base of the machine.
  • the gear connections of this shaft will be explained in their proper order, hereinafter.
  • this shaft between the melting-pot and the square 50, stands the mold-carrier consisting of a heavy disk 96, Fig. 24, having a sleeve 97 upon its rearward face by which itis loosely mounted upon the'shaft.
  • the mold-casings are so constructed and arranged as to project in front of that vertical face of the disk 96 which lies adjacent to thel square.
  • the mold-casings consist of oblong, rectangular bodies of metal of somewhat less length than the side of the square (Fig. 5) and have a projecting rectangular lip 99 Figs. 23, 24, in front and a similar lip in rear.
  • the molds 100 are formed in the central, longitudinal line of these lips and are open in front and in rear. They are preferably made adj ustable, as to the length of the mold, by the employment of longer or shorter end pieces 101.
  • the mold-carrier or disk 96 being simply sleeved upon the shaft 95, without key, or spline, is moved with said shaft only at stated intervals and is also movable thereon without revolution toward and from the square, to enable the mold in which the cast is to be made t0 close upon the line of matrices and then move away to permit the square to make its periodical quarter-turn without striking the mold-casings 98.
  • the mold-carrier must have a quarter 0f a com plete revolution to bring another mold around to the next line of matrices.
  • the movement of the mold-carrier last described is made by the agency of a spring 102 coiled around the shaft 95 between the end of the sleeve-bearing 97 and a cam-block 103, rigidly mounted on the shaft 95 near the yoke-frame B.
  • the separation of the mold from the matrices and the movement of the mold-carrier by which it is effected, are brought about in the following manner.
  • camring 104 Loosely mounted upon the shaft 95 is a camring 104, 23, 24, lying between the mold-carrier 96 and a bevel-gear 105 keyed on the shaft near the front, or inner vertical face of the mold-carrier.
  • cam-segment 104a Upon the flat face of the cam-ring 104 is a cam-segment 104a and upon the adjacent flat face of the bevel-gear 105 is a cam-projection 105L of suitable form to engage the cam-segment 104i* at each revolution of the shaft 95.
  • the mold after receiving the casting must move away from the matrix-line at least an instant before the rotary movement of the square can begin.
  • the cam-ring 104 is supported on the shaft 95, but is prevented from revolving therewith by a bar 106 projecting from one side of the cam-ring and having its end pivoted, or suitably attached to a rigid support 107, Fig. 27, in such manner as to permit the slight movement of the cam-ring under the push of the cam-projection 105.
  • the mold-support 96 is driven slightly away from the square and brought into such position as to enable the lock-connection to operate whereby it is caused to partake of the revolution of the shaft 95, and this rotary movement of the mold-carrier is begun at such time, relatively to the movement of the square, that the angle or corner of the latter has ample space to make its movement in the opening, or space, between the adjacent ends of two of the moldcasings and the edge of the disk, or mold-carrier, as best seen in Fig. 23.
  • the movement of the square being completed just before that of the mold-carrier, the mold-casing 98 can turn without obstruction into parallelism with the adjacent face of the square.
  • Upon the front face of the mold-carrier 96 are rigidly mounted four rules 108, each having a straight edge 109, parallel with the 1ongitudinal line of the adjacent mold. These rules are arranged around the shaft 95, but at some distance therefrom, being so located that, when the mold closes upon the matrixline, the rule 108, parallel therewith, will overlie and have edge-contact with the surface of -a table 110 (Figs. 1, 2 and 24) which projects from the A frame and passes between the square and the shaft 95. The upper edge of this table is accurately parallel with the line of inta-glios, when the matrix-line lies in position for casting.
  • Each rule 108 is so placed that, as the mold-carrier moves up and brings the mold against the line of matrices, the straight edge 109 will seat upon the top of the table, at the edge thereof, and not only act as a stop for the mold-carrier but will also align the mold 100 so that it will coincide with the lines of intaglios.
  • the fiat, front face of the rule 108 is caused to abut against the edge of the table 110, until the mold carrier 96 rotates sufficiently to place the straight edge 109 of the rule 108 in the proper position, or parallel with the top of the table, whereupon the spring 102 moves the mold-carrier and the straight edge of the said rule will snap over the top of the table a distance nearly equal to the thickness of the rule, thereby arresting the movement of the mold-carrier and at the same time bringing the central longitudinal line, of the mold 100 into alignment with the corresponding line of the intaglios.
  • the movement of the mold-support last described brings one of the molds 100 up to the line of matrices and carries its lip 99 through the opening 58 in the plate 54 and against the edges of the matrices, no sufficient pressure is yet exerted to press the said parts together to :form a close joint, the tension of the spring 102 beinginadequate for this purpose.
  • the matrices are ad- IIO

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Branching, Merging, And Special Transfer Between Conveyors (AREA)

Description

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J, POWLER.
MACHINE FOB. PRODUGING TYPE BARS.
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MACHINE-'FOR PRODUCING TYPEA BARS.
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MAGHINBFOR PRODUGING TYPE B/fms,i
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NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
JOSEPH O. FOWLER, OF VASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO LEMON G. HINE, OF SAME PLACE.
IVIACHINE FOR PRODUCING TYPE-BARS.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 510,853, dated December 1.2, 1893. Application iledApril 6, 1893. SerialNo.469,335. (No model.) I*
To all whom, it may concern:
Be it known that I, JOSEPH C. FoWLER, a citizen of the United States, residing atWashington, in the District of yColumbia, have invented new and useful Improvements in Machines for Producing Type-Bars, of which the following is a specification.
My invention relates to that class, or type ot mechanism employed for handling the matrices from which, when placed in orderly arrangement, a line or some portion of a line of type is cast. These are commonly known by the name of linotype machines.
It is one essential purpose ot' my said invention to simplify and improve the construction and operation of the mechanism shown and described in the Letters Patent granted and issued to me upon the th day of August, 1892, No. 481,920, for a machine for casting type-bars.
It is one specific object of my present invention to provide a machine of this class in which the magazine holding the matrices and spacers shall be of circular, or substantially circular form, the cells being arranged upon the exterior of a shell rigidly mounted upon a fixed vertical axis, and to combine therewith novel and simple means for releasing the matrices from the cells and for preserving 3o the orderly succession established by theorder of their release.
It is a further purpose of my invention to provide novel means for enabling the matrices to pass by their own gravity, as they are released from the magazine cells, to and into an assembling space, or line-chamber, thereby dispensing with the mechanism herel tofore employed for these purposes; to provide a novel and simple escapement-mechanism for insuring the release of the matrices separately and for preventing the escape of more than one from the same cell and in response to the same impulse of the key by which the selection is made; to combine with a matrix magazine and with a suitable release, or escapement-mechanism, a novell and simple assembling-apparatus, and means for ejecting the matrices after the type-bar 1s cast, at the same point in the same end of theline-chamber at which they enter. I
It is my purpose, also, to provide a machine of this kind with an entirely novel apparatus for lifting the matrices from the linechamber to the receiving-end of themagazine, and to combine with the lift novel and simple distributing devices to carry the matrices over and automatically drop them into the cells of the magazine, each into its proper, individual compartment.
1t is my purpose, too, in organizing this ma- 6o chine, to combine with a suitable support, having a pluralityot line-chambers simple means for manipulating the matrices and assembling them in one of said chambers, means for rectifying, compressing, and holding the line, during the operation of -casting, and an intermittently rotating mold-carrier having a plurality of molds of *such novellconstruction and function, that the respectivemovements of the support containing the line-chambers, 7o as Well, as the movements of -the'mold-carrier may be made without interference, the mold accurately aligned and closed upon the line of matrices, and the cast made; to combine with said mold a vibratory melting-pot of novel construction means for vibrating the same to form a close joint between its exitopening and the mold, and mechanism for forcing the melted metal therein at the proper moment, means for insuring the automatic 8o and accurate engagement of the mouth of the pot with the open end of the mold, and
the automatic separation of said parts aft-er the cast is made and before the line of Inatrices is advanced to itsnext successive posi- 8 5 tion where the matrices are distributed.
It is also the purpose ot my invention to provide novel means for dressing the base or 'lower edge and the sides of the type bar.
It is another purpose of said invention to 9o assemble the matrices in orderly arrangement in the several line-chambers successively, to introduce them at a single point, to advance them in vthe line-chamber as they enter, to carry the assembled line to a different position or point, for casting the type-banand to eliect this movement without meeting with, or causing, obstruction by the presence of the matrix-advancing devices or the parts by which the line is compressed and held for the ro'o purpose of casting; to remove the matrices for distribution at a third point, or position simplicity*i of the assembled line, and to eject them automatically from the line-chamber at the same single point at which they were introduced, and to remedy, or remove, the diculties frequently experienced heretofore in making a rapid and accurate distribution of the mat rices, after the type-bar is cast, thereby enabling me to use a matrix-magazine of comparatively small proportions, to reduce the number of matrices to the minimum and, by their speed and accurate return to the proper cells of the magazine, always maintain therein a supply fully equal to the maximum possible demand, the three distinct operations of assembling, casting, and distributing being carried on simultaneously, at the three separate points referred to.
Finally, it is my object to simplify and improve the construction and function of the individual elements of the machine, to combine the same eectively and with the utmost to render the operation more accurate an expeditious and wholly automatic, whereby the mechanism shall require but a single operator whose attention may be concentrated upon the key-board by which the matrix-selection is effected, the productive capacity of the machine being thus rendered from two to three-fold, as com pared with one requiring two operatives, or with one in which the full sequence of successive operations must be completed for the production of each finished type-bar.
To the several purposes thus brieiiy stated, the invention consists in the novel features of construction and in the new combination of parts particularly pointed out and defined in the claims appended to this specification, in which the invention will be so fully explained as to enable those skilled in the art to which it pertains to make, construct and use the same.
For the purpose of this description, reference will be made to the drawings accompanying this application, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of a machine embodying my invention, the upper portion of the matrix-magazine and lift or elevator, being broken away. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the machine. Fig. 3 is a view taken from the rear side of the machine, showing the magazine, the lift, or elevator, and the escapementmechanism, one half the magazine being in vertical, axial section. Fig. 4 is an elevation taken from the end of the machine, showing the mold-carrier partly broken away to disclose the matrix-line, the line-compressor,and portions of the type-bar ejector, the milling and the matriX-ejecting devices and the lift, the lower end of the jacket enveloping the latter being broken away. Fig. 5 is a detail plan View showing the plurality linechambers and the support, preferably termed the square, by which they are contained; said figure also including the lift, in horizontal section, and parts of the line-driving devices, the line-compressor and holder, and
the mold. Fig. 6 isa detail perspective view, showing the pusher and the latch of theassembling-escapement. Fig. 7 is a detail section of the spring-housing and the pusher. Fig. Sis a detail plan view of the distributer Wheel. Fig. 9 is a plan view of the receivingend of the matrix-magazine, the inclosing top and distribution-bar removed and the lift being shown in horizontal section. Fig. 10 is a detail view showing the upper surface of the rotary matrix-table, usually termed the sequence disk, together with the assembling-chute, the relative position of the square being indicated in this and in the preceding figure by dotted lines. Fig. l1 is a detail view showing, in vertical section, one of the cells of the matrix-magazine, the distribution-bar and distributer-wheel and the upper portion of the lift, the jacket of which is partly broken away to expose the lifting spiral. Fig. 12 is a detail section, taken in the horizontal plane 12--12, in Fig. 11. Fig. 13 is a diagram showing the key-board and key-levers, to illustrate the manner of extending the lever-connection from the keyboard entirely around the exit-end of the magazine with the least possible bending of said levers. Fig. 14 is a sectional elevation of the sequence-disk the assembling-chute, and the cell-chutes at the lower end of the magazine, part of the outer drum of the chute-ring being broken away. Fig. 15 is a detail perspective of the sequence-table and assembling chute, the chute-ring being removed. Fig. 16 is a side or edge elevation of the square, partly in section, together, with a portion of the line-advancing device or pusher, and the assembling-escapement. Fig. 17 is a detail view, showing the interior face of one of the walls of the magazine, together with a part of the distribution-bar. Fig. 18 is a sectional view, the section plane being taken horizontally immediately beneath the square, in Fig. 1. Fig. 19 is a detail section showing part of the square, and the matrix-ejector and its operating devices. Fig. 20 is a sectional View showing part of the shaft operating the ejector, and the ciutch-connection. Fig. 2l is an end view of the clutchdisk on the sleeve carrying the bevel gear through which revolution is communicated to the ejector. Fig. 22 is an end View of the other member of the ejector clutch-connection shown in Fig. 20. Fig. 23 is a face elevation of the mold-carrier, showing the plurality of molds and the rectifying-rules. Fig. .23a is a detail perspective of the separator-ring and cam. Fig. 24: is a central, vertical section of the mold-carrier and its immediate adjuncts, together with that portion of the square containing the matrix-line, and the matrix rectifying device and the gearing operating it. Fig. 25 is an end-view of the bevel gear shown in Fig. 24, showing the matrix rectifying devices; the position of the square being shown by dotted lines. Fig. 26 is a detail view of the face of lof Jrg
e the bearing shown in Fig. 24, for supporting the shaft of the mold-carrier. Fig. 27 is a detail view showing the automatic device for stacking the finished type-bars, as they are driven out of the molds. Fig. 28 is a detail View showing the milling-devices which dress the parallel flat faces of the type-bars as they are driven out of the molds, and showing, also, the stacking device and part of the arm which operates it. Fig. 29 is a detail perspectiVe of the planing tool. Fig. 30 is acentral vertical section of the melting-pot, or crucible, showing, also, the means for vibrating the pot and for operating the piston, or plunger. Fig. 3l is a view of the parts shown in Fig. 30, in elevation, the point of view being upon the side adjacent to the mold. Fig. 32 is a detail perspective of one 'of the bracketsupports for the vibrating melting-pot. Fig. 33 is a detail side elevation of a key, key1e ver and vertical bar for actuating an escapement; and Fig. 34 is a detail sectional view of a part of the assembling table or square.
The figures briefly described above are all drawn to a scale indicated upon each sheet, at the top, by the words size, size,- siZe-full size, several of the detail views representing certain parts of the actual size used.
In the following description of parts I will follow, as nearly as circumstances permit, the order of mechanical operation, this being the natural order of explanation, besides having the advantage of permitting a description of function to accompany those explanations of construction and arrangement upon which individual and co-ordinated functions depend. After pointing out, therefore, the essential parts of the machine-frame, I will commence with the operation of assembling the matrices in line, for which purpose they must be released from the cells of the magazine in response to impulses transmitted from a keyboard to an escapement-mechanism. Released from the cells, they must pass to and enter a line-chamber by their own gravity, and they .must be intermittently advanced into communication with the open end of the mold, during which movement the matrix-line is compressed and rectified; the plunger is then operated and melted metal is thrown into the mold-space and against the intaglios of the matrices .to cast the typebar. The pot then moves back, the mold separates from the square, and the latter receives an intermittent movement thereby bringing the line of whichis cast just prior to this movement, re-
mains in the mold in which it is formed until the said movement is completed, and during said advance of the mold-carrier the base, or lower edge of said type-bar, is planed off and brought into true relation to the type-face, in order that the type may be exactly typehigh in every bar. Having accomplished this movement, the mold-carrier stops, the type-bar is driven out, and as it emerges its flat, parallel faces are milled or dressed and as it wholly emerges from between 4the milling devices it is stacked upon a suitable table in its proper order, relatively to those preceding. During the ejection of the type-bar and the milling of its opposite faces, the line of matrices from which it was cast are driven out of the line-chamber, and carried up by the lift to the distribution-mechanism, whence they are returned to the cells of the magazine from which they were taken. Simultaneously with this operation ak second type-bar is in process of casting at position number two, and the operator at position number one is also filling a third line-chamber in the square with a new line of matrices. The manipulation of the key-board, by which the matrices are selected and released from the magazine, and' the operation of a pedal by which the intermittent movement of the square and moldcarrier is initiated, are the sole functions devolving upon the operator.
The type-matrices, indicated by the reference-numeral l Fig. 3, are substantially of the usual, well-known form, each having an intaglio of some letter or character suitable for use in printing, formed in its edge at the point 2. These matrices are provided, at one end, with a notch, of substantially or approximately the form of the letter V, and upon the interim-edges thereof arethe hooks, or points 3, having a different arrangement in each matrix, and forming different combinations whereby their proper distribution is accomplished in Ithe well-known manner. These matrices, in suitable number, are stored in amagazine and released therefrom in any desired alphabetical order, and I will now describe said magazine and explain the mechanism by which a single matrix can be obtained from any single cell in the magazine, at any moment. The magazine consists of a double,or inner and outer concentric metallic shell 3a and 4 Figs. 3, 9, so arranged that a uniform space shall be preserved between them at all points. In external form it presents the appearance ofA an inverted, truncated cone having a small angle of Obliquity,
roo
rio
as compared with its altitude. The inner shell 3 is supported at its lower or truncated end, by a thick collar 5, rigidly mounted upon a fixed vertical axis 6, which rises from a part of the machine-frame presently to be described. At its upper end said inner shell is supported by an open frame, or skeleton disk 7, rigid upon the axis 6 and engaging the inner face of the shell a little below its end. The lower collar 5 rests upon a vertical fiange S, forming part of a circular base 9 which is rigid upon the Fixed axis 6. An outer flange 10, concentric with the liange S, lies beneath and supports the lower end of the outer shell 4. The flange 10 is preferably formed of a separate piece, though it may be a cylindrical continuation of the outer shell 4. The annular chamber between the adjacent faces of the two fianges S, 10, is a very little greater in width than the matrices, and between the lianges are mounted plates 12, extending radially, or nearly so, and having a downward inclination with a gentle curvature, as their lower ends are approached, whereby they deviate to an angle between the vertical and horizontal, as shown in Figs. 3 and 14. This curvature is similar throughout the series of plates 12, which are arranged at intervals corresponding to the intervals between the exit-ends of the cells in the magazine. With relation to these cells, the plates 12 form what I term cell-chutes, by which name I will hereinafter designate them, their function being explained at another point.. The annular space in which they are placed will be termed the chute-ring, in the following description. The cells of the magazine lie in the space inclosed between the adjacent faces of the inner and outer shells 3 and 4, the uniformity of such space being maintained by partitions 13, (Fig. 9) inserted at any suitable intervals between the two shells. The magazine as a whole is rigidly held and rendered stable, by means of a strong, tubular column 14, Fig. 3, bolted to the same rigid part of the frame which sus tains the vertical axis 6, the upper end of the column being curved toward the middle portion of the exterior shell 4, to which it is firmly united. At suitable intervals in the space between said shells are formed the cells, for the matrices, which each consists of two opposite slots, or channels, 15, so arranged that both lie substantially in a plane radiating from the tixed axis 6. These slots or channels 15, extend from a point very near the top of the two shells 3 and 4, to the extreme lower end thereof, their dimensions being such as to receive and retain the laterally projecting lugs at the ends of the matrices, but permit perfectly free movement in vertical planes. I prefer, in the present instance, to form these channels by planing away the metal upon the adjacent faces of the shells 3 and 4, thereby leaving thicker portions 16 (Figs. 9 and 17) which till the intervals between the cells. These portions are terminated, at a point a little below the upper end ot' the magazine, by a continuous, circular channel 17, cut to the same depth as the channels 15. The upper ends of the intermediate portions 16 are beveled off upon both sides about equally, thereby giving a downward convergence to the end-edges, upon each side of each channel. The space, or channel 17, between the pointed or angular ends of the parts 16, and a series of symmetrical and similar projections 18, is of such width as to permit the passage by a horizontal circular movement, of the laterally projecting lugs upon the lower ends of the matrices. Said channel is bounded, along its uppermargin, by the horizontal lower edges of the symmetrical projections 18, theshort vertical sides of which are in line with the corresponding sides of the portion 16, between the cells. The
said projections 18 are thus separated by short slots, or channels 19, which coincide with the cells 15. The upper ends of said projections 18 are beveled oit on both sides at the same angle with the bevels of the ends 16. The altitude of said projections, from the horizontal bases to the apices formed by their beveled upper ends, is such as to permit the upper and lower lugs upon the same side of a matrix to completely straddle the projection and move in a horizontal plane, one of said lugs traversing the space or channel 17, and the other passing just above the beveled ends of the projections 18. The special purpose of these features of construction will be pointed out in describing the distribution of the matrices, in which said parts perform important functions. The several cells 15, arethus arranged in a space which is circular, or annular in cross-section, and has a gradual contraction from the upper to the lower end, at which point they open above and immediately in front of the concave faces of the cellchutes 12. the respective cells ot' the magazine, they pass down therein by gravity, until the matrix first introduced is arrested, a little above the exit end of the cell, byan escapement-mechanism,
As the matrices are dropped into 1 the remaining matrices in the same cell being 1 sustained by the lower matrix and by each other, the foot of each resting upon the top of the one next below. The escapement-mechanism consists of a latch-bolt 20, Fig. 3, sliding in a substantially radial housing 2l, its line 1 of movement being at or about a right-angle to the line of movement of the matrices. This latch-bolt is thrown inward normally, by a spring 22, supported by the housing 21, its end pressing upon the outer end of the latch-bolt,
and driving the same inward so that its point passes through a suitable opening in outer drum 4 and enters the outer channel 15, forming part of the cell in which the matrices stand.
Standing in this position the bolt is controlled 1 by a stopshoulder 20 and the first matrix descending encounters the point of said bolt, and is arrested, the outer lug upon its lower end pressing upon the point of the latchbolt.
Within a chamber, or recess 23, in the housing 2l, is arranged alever 24, fnlcrumed between its ends upon a pivot-pin 25, and having its rigid lower end or terminal 26 projecting inwardly and lying just within an opening in the top of' the outer'iiange 10 in?r closing the cell-chutes l2, but not projecting into the outer channel 15 of the c'ell. "The upper end of said lever has any suitable connection with the latch-bolt 20, as, for example, that shown in Fig. 3, the end of the lever being rounded and laid in a seat or re-V cess, in the lower edge of the'latch-bolt, which lies directly over the chamber'23. As the latch-bolt and lever are flat and the former supported on all sides in the housing, this form of connection is its simplicity and efficiency.
To operate the latch-'bolt 20 the lowe'r en'd of the lever must be thrown inward and as I' this movement withdraws the point ofsaid latch-bolt from beneathv the lug on the lower matrix-plate l, the latter Yinstantly' drops by gravity, its movement being somewhat accented by the weight of the series of matrices stored in the cell. Thel same movement of the lever 24 which retracts the latch-bolt also throws the terminal 26 upon its lower end into the path of the same lug on the lower matrix which has been released by the point of the latch-bolt 20. This matrix, therefore,
drops as far, only, as the exit-end of the cell in which it stands. By this descent its upper end passes the point of entrance ot the latch-bolt, and as the entire line of matrices descends with it, the second matrix, which rests upon the irst, is brought into such position, when the lower one is arrested by the terminal 26 of the lever, that the outer lug upon its upper end stands a little above the point where the latcli-bolt 2O will enter the channel l5, upon the release of the lever 24. As the latter is under the control of the spring 22, so far as its inward movement is regarded, its restoration to normal position will take place instantaneously, upon the removal of the impulse given to the lever. This movement withdraws the terminal 26 and sets the lower matrix free, but as the point of the latchbolt 20 is at the same instant, thrown into the channel 15, it is brought into the path of the outer lug upon the upper end of the second matrix thereby preventing its escape and holding the entire series of matrices which rest upon it. As long as the operator presses on a key the rigid terminal 26 of the lever 24 lies in the path of the matrices, but the instant the key is released the column of matrices acts directly on the pivoted lever 24 and swings it; so that the rigid teriuinal 26 is moved outward, and the lower matrix can pass down. At the saine time the latch-bolt 20 is moved inward to hold'the column of matrices. This result'is insured by reason of the rigid terminal 26 lying to one side of a vertical line, taken through the pivot 25, when a key is depressed, whereby p ing the latch-bolt into the path preferable because of of which point upward.
the weight of the column of matrices on s aid rigid terminal 26 causes the lever 24 to swing on its pivot, so that -the lowerinost matrix can descend. By this means 'I kdo not necessarily depend entirely on aspring 22 for movof the matrices when a key'is released.
The housings 2l are arranged around about the base of the-magazine, and lie in thesame "radial planes with the Ycells or substantially so. The outer edges of said housings extend somewhat below the base of the magazine,
10`of the chute-ring inclosingthe cell-chutes.
`At its lower' edge a second'circumferential liiange 29 'is extended outwardly, at apoint not farfroin the bottom'of the chamber inclosing thecell-chutes l2.
I'AIn the two horizontal vflanges 27 and 29 are formed openings'in which `are'placed a series ofbars 30 Figs. 3 and 33, having substantially vertical arrangeiiient,'their upper ends enter- Aing the chambers 23l of the housings'2l and having their extremities beveled upon their inner edges to form wedges, the entering ends These wedge-shaped ends lie 'in the narrow spaces between the outer end-walls of the housings and the lower ends of the levers 24, their outer, vertical edges supported by said walls and by the openings in the flanges 27 and 29, and' their beveled or angular edges restiugagainst or in close proximity to the outer edges'of -the levers 24 at the points where their lower ends curve, or bend inward, to form the terminals 26. To each bar is attached a spring'30a, of moderate tension, to restore the ba rs to their normal position after each stroke. The lower ends of saidbars 30 `areextended below the flange 29 and are-connected to the keys of the key-board in the following manner.
It is evident that it is desi'iable,if not necessary, that the several keys which ai'e pressed by the operator in order to release'the matrices, should have, as nearly as possible,.a uniform range of movement and should present'substantially tlie saine resistance to the finger when pressed, since marked vdifferences in these respects would be extremely apt tol cause inaccuracies, or to seriously impede the rapidity of the work by requiring specific attention to the extent of stroke of each key and in some of the number, perhaps, necessitating more than one impulse, or manual effort, to insure 'the complete operative in'ovement of the keys. It is essential` therefore, to avoid beuding'the key-levers at considerable angles,'to make 'the connections as simple and direct as possible, and to so arrange the fulcrum points that each lever shall have the saine acting distance, or relatively the same. I arrange the key-board 31,' Fig. l, therefore, upon the front side of the'machine, and mounty the keys 32 in a casing 33, Fig. 2, in which their stems arevertic'al, the'keys being IIO arranged in several banks, preferably varying in height, and operated like the keys of an ordinary type-writing machine. I have shown, in the present instance, thirty-two of these keys, only, but this number may be increased as far as necessary, to correspond with the capacity of the magazine.
To the lower ends of the key-stems in the lowest bank of keys I connect the ends of a series of key-levers 34 Figs. 3, 13, 33, which pass under, and at some distance below, the base of the magazine, the two longest levers b eing very slightly bent to pass on opposite sides of the fixed axis 6. The other ends of these levers are pivotally connected, in any suitable manner, tothe hanging ends of the bars 30 lying upon the other side of the axis 6, at points about midway of the connections to said bars and to the key-stems, said keylevers are fulcrumed upon forked posts 35 which rise from a supporting bar 36 arranged above the bottom of the casing 33. In -like manner a second bank of keys, next to and at a higher level than the rst bank, is connected to key-levers 34 which pass beneath the magazine and connect to the hanging ends of the bars 30 which lie upon opposite sides of the fixed axis 6, four of such key-levers being placed upon each side. As the key-levers last named are arranged at a higher level, the bars 30 to which they are connected will be supported a little above the point of such connection, by a raised iange 29 (Fig. 3). The sixteen key-levers thus described operate the b ars 30 included in-or nearly in, the semicircumference of the base of the magazine lying upon that side of the axis 6 farthest from the key-board. The second series of eight keydevers is, like the second bank of keys 32, arranged at a somewhat higher level than the first series, and is fulcrumed upon supports 35, mounted upon a second and higher bar 36. The key-stems of the third bank are connected in substantially like manner and the fourth bank,which is highest and lies nearest the fixed axis 6 are connected to the bars 30 depending from the base of the magazine nearest to the key-board, their fnlcrums having a like construction and support. This arrangement is simple and inexpensive and gives the necessary results without requiring a material extension of the easing 33. By pushing any key downward, the bar 30 is driven up and its beveled edge is forced against the back of the lever 24, foreing its terminal 26 inward and withdrawing the latch-bolt 20. When the finger is removed from the key the bar 30 is snapped downward by the spring 30a, which also restores the key and key-lever to normalv position, while the lever 24 is returned to place by its independent spring 22.
Having obtained the matrices for the magazine and insured the exit of a single matrix, only, in response to each single impulse from the key-board, it is now necessary to provide means for preserving their orderly sequence and for their entrance to the space, or chamber, in which they are to be assembled which they will enter at a single point and in the same order in which they are released from the magaznecells. As these cells are arranged at intervals around a fixed point or axis, the matrices will be dropped at various points in the circular plane of the cells and they must pass from such points to the single point where they enter the line of matrices in process of formation. Moreover, one or more matrices may drop very near this point of entrance to the line, and one or more at a greater distance and it is evident that the latter may, and frequently will, be entitled to a position in the line of matrices preceding the former, but. if the order of entrance to the line be, in any degree, proportioned gto the relative distances to be traversed in `order to enter the line, there will be constant danger that the alphabetical arrangement will be destroyed. To meet both these contingencies I provide the following means. Upon the fixed axis 6, Fig. 3, beneath the collar 9 is mounted a sleeve 37, its lower end resting upon a collar 3S rigid upon the said axis. Upon the upper end of said sleeve is a disk 39, the upper surface of which is intermediately beneath the open bottom of the chute-ring inclosing the cell-chutes 12, the periphery of said disk lying at a point a little within the inner face of the flange 10, which forms the outer wall of the chute-ring. Upon the upper face of the said disk, adjacent to the fixed axis 6, is a slightly raised circular portion 40,Fig.15, which extends to, or nearly to, the open bottom of the chute-ring. From the edge of this raised portion to the periphery of the disk the surface is slightly lowered to leave an annular space 41, which is crossed at suitable intervals by ribs 42 of low relief. Upon the sleeve 37 is a pulley 43, by means of which the disk is driven at speed, its rotary movement being in the direction of curvature of the cell-chutes 12. At the left hand side of the fixed axis 6, and a little in front of the same, is arranged a spout-shaped linechute 44, Fig. 14, one of its walls being curved from the vertical chute toward the front of the machine and brought under the edge of the disk, bent upward in close proximity to said edge and then extended outward with its upper surface iiush with the annular space 41 of the disk. This extended portion has a marginal ange, or rib 45, which extends backward and forms part of a hood 46 overhanging part of the downwardly curved wall of the chute. This hood rises above the surface of the disk and from the inner side of the saine extends an arm 47, substantially parallel with the ribbed edge 45. This arm crosses the annular space 4l of the disk in a line substantially tangent to the edge of the raised portion 40, its end being curved slightly inward to cross the said edge and its lower edge lying as close as possible to the same, without actual contact with the ribs 42. The inteiior width be- IOO IIO
will appear from Figs. and 15,is somewhat less, for a reason that will presently be shown.
At its lower'end the middle portion of the line-chute 44 is cutaway, see Fig. 15, leaving two parallel sides 48 which retain parts of the inclosed space and form vertical guides 1 n which the lugs on the matrices may move treely. The lower end of these guides 48 overhang one end of the line-chamber, so that the matrices may pass from the linechute directly into the entrance opening of said chamber without changing the direction of movement given by the chute. 4he sequence-disk 39 is driven at uniform speed the v number of revolutions in any given unit of time being somewhat in excess of the maximum number of matrix-selections possible within the same period. If, therefore, a matrlx is released at any point within the circular series of cells, or at any distance from the entrance at the line-chute 44, it must inevltably reach the mouth of said chute before a second matrix can be dropped, and the proper alphabetical order will thus be preserved, and every matrix will be brought in the order of its release to the single point of entrance to the line-chamber. As the matrix passes out of the exit-end of the cell in which 1t is stored, it drops upon one ofthe cellchutes 12, and slides down its concave face, the intaglioin its edge being outermost. From the cell-chute it slips easily and naturally upon the annular, depressed surface 41 of the sequence-disk, upon which it lies flat, the lugs u pon lts outer edge projecting over theV perlphery of the disk. As it passes between the rib 45 and the clearing arm 47, it is diverted from the line of circular movement, and partly by its own momentum and partly by the impulse given by that one of the ribs 42 which lies behind it, it is carried under the hood 46 and down the line-chute 44. During the linstant it remains upon the disk it is held against outward displacement from centrifugal force by the surrounding outer wall 10 of the chute-ring, which descends` as low as the plane in which the annular face 41 revolves. The line-chute descends to a point some disy tance below the sequence-disk, the extremities of its guides 48 hanging `j ust above the part containing the line-chambers, said part `as already mentioned being termed the This square is shown in full sizev thereof are narrow marginal spaces 52 upon the surface of the square and upon both sides of the channel 5l. These spaces are of sufficient width to readily admit the upper ends of the matrices with the lateral lugs which cross said spaces 52, and rest thereon. Upon the inner side of the channel 51 the spaces 52 upon all four sides of the square are bounded by the vertical faces of a raised rectangular portion 53. Along the front of the square, upon each side, a plate 54 raises, forming a boundary to the outer space 52, its upper edge being of the same height as the raised portion 53, and flush, or nearly so, with the tops of the matrices standing in line. the edges of the square, a part of which is Looking at one of shown in Fig. 19, with the end portion broken l away to show the interior of the line-chamber, it will be noticed that the inner vertical face 55 of the chamber 51 terminates a little above the under face of the square, see also Fig. 34, upon which is a plate 56, cut away to leave an open space conforming in width to the channel 51, its marginal portion in rear extending back to a narrow vertical face 57 lying in the same plane with the corresponding vertical face of the raised portion 53. A similar channel is formed upon the opposite side between the front vertical face of the channel 51 and the lower margin of the plate 56` upon that side. This channel is closed, upon the front side, by the vertical plate 54 which extends entirely over the edge, or vertical outer face of the square. These two channels admit the lugs projecting from the edges of the matrices at their lower ends, as clearly seen in Figs. 24, 34. Inthe vertical plate 54 is formed an opening 5S, exposing the line of intaglios in the outer edges of the matrices in the line. This opening is of such length and width as to admit the mold (Fig. 24) when the latter is moved up to the position for casting.
The square 50 contains, as shown in Fig. 5, four separate line-chambers 51, arranged upon its four equal sides, each chamber being of the length of a line of matrices required in casting a type-bar of full column-width, measured alphabetically. The square is mounted upon a central sleeve-support 59, loose upon a vertical shaft 60 arranged upon the left hand of the fixed axis 6 of the magazine, and at the left of the operator as he uses the key-board, as in my Letters Patent before mentioned. An intermittent iovement is given to the sleeve-support 59, by mechanism described hereinafter, by which it is turned in a horizontal plane through one-fourth 0f a cornplete revolution. The position of a square is shown in Fig. 1 and in dotted lines in Figs. 9 and 10, and its direction of movement is shown by the arrow in Fig. 5. At each of its movements, one of the line-chambers 51 is brought into such position that one of its ends is directly beneath the lower ends of the two guides 4S which terminate the linechute 44, as seen in Figs. 5, 10 and 16. At this extremity of the chamber 51 is the ma- TOO tog,
IIO
trix-entrance formed by cutting away the edges of the margins 52 to form vertical slots 61, Figs. 5, 19, of a form and size permitting the ready passage of the lugs ot' the matriccs. Each matrix, as it descends the liliechute 44 and reaches the terminal guides 48 is caught by an escapement device consisting of a latch-bolt 62, Fig. 16, sliding in the upper part of the housing 63, mounted upon the inner side of the guides 4S. 'fith the latch-bolt 62 the end of the lever (il has pivotal engagement said lever being fulcrumcd upon a pivot 65 and its lower end being turned, or bent inward toward the line-chute. The latch-bolt 62 is thrown in, so that its point lies in the path of the lateral lug on the inner side of the matrix by means of a spring 66, the entire escapement being substantially identical with that shown in Fig. 3, in connection with the cells of the magazine. As it is used at this point for one special purpose I will term it the line-escapement, its function being to prevent the lower one of the series of matrices standing endon-end in the line-chiite, from passing out ot` the latter until the preceding matrix has entei-ed the line-chamber and been advanced therein far enough to remove it t rom the vertical line of movement of its successor.
I will now explain the means for advancing the matrices as they enter the chamber 5l, and for operating the line escapement. Upon the front of the main frame A of the machine, (Fig. 1,) is mounted in suitable bracket-bearings 67, bolted to said frame, a bar 68, in which is interposed a race-loop 69 which receives a wrist-pin 70, Fig. 6, carried by a disk 71, the latter receiving continuous revolution from a shaft 72, Fig. 18,11avingits bearings in the frame A, the gear-connections therefore being explained at a` farther point in the specification. The bar 6S Fig. 6, is arranged horizontally and substantially in the line of intersection of a vertical and a horizontal plane, the formerpassing through the longitudinal center of the line-chamber, and the latter through the series of intaglios, as the matrices stand in the line. Upon the end of said bar next the square is mounted a head 73 having upon its ends upper and lower parallel plates 74, which form asupport for a rectangular housing 75. To the fiont face of this housing is attached the end of an elastic plate 76 which extends to the right until its broadened end overlaps the raceloop 69, to which said end is rigidly fastened by screws tapped into a boss 77 or one of the vertical bars of said loop. The plate 76 is usually made ot' thin steel, but any other material having suitable elasticity may bc used. The end of the housing which is overlapped by said plate is loosely held by attachment in the space between the parallel plates, 74:. The end of the housing nearest to the square is open to receive the end ot' a pusher 7 8, capable of moving freely in the line of its axis but held by a spring at its farther limit of projection from the housing 75. v The square end ot' this lies in the housing 7o and is provided with a pin 79 which hes in a slot 8O in the wall ot' the housing. A spring 81 is located in said housing by which the pusher is normally projected, as in Fig. 7. The parts are so proportioned that at each reciprocation the end of the pusher 78 enters an opening 84. Figs. 1, 5, 19, in the square very near the angle ot' the latter, said opening being in line with the line-chamber and communicating with the same at the end where the matrices enter. In this opening lies a pusher block 85, having a finger 86 which rises through a slot in the top ot' the square.
Mounted upon the frameAof the machine (Fig. 1) is a leaf-spring 87, so arranged that as the square makes its periodical quarterrevolution, the finger 86 will, as this movement is completed, be brought directly behind the end of the spring and into contact therewith or very nearly so, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 5, and in full lines Fig. 16. At each forward movement of the reciprocating pusher 7S, its end abuts against the pushing-block S5, moving it forward against the resistance of the spring 87, thereby causing its forward end, which lies justin rear of the vertical matrix-entrance to pass into the linechamber and move the matrix standing in the said entrance into said chamber and out of the line of vertical movement followed by the matrices as they enter the line. As the pusher 7S is Withdrawn the pusher block. is instantly snapped back to its normal position by the leaf-spring 87, leaving the entrance opening unobstructed for the descent of the succeeding matrix.
Upon the head 73 Fig. 6, is rigidly mounted one end of an elastic strip 88 which is curved upward (Fig. 16) and then into parallelism with the line of reciprocation ot the pusher 7S, its end being provided with a lateral. oitset, or elbow, by which the straight free end S9 is brought in rear ot the plane of the linechamber, as seen in dotted lines in Fig. 5. The position and longitudinal projection of this end S9 is such that, at each forward movement it passes under and impinges upon a side lug 90, Fig. 6, mounted on the rearward, or inner face of the lower end of the line escapement lever 64, Fig. 16. This side lug stands, when the lever 64; is in its normal position, in a slightly inclined position, relatively to the line of movement of the strip S9, so that thc frictional contact of the latter upon the under face of the lug 90 will vibrate the lever 64; thereby operating the line-escapeinent, and allowing a matrix to pass in the line-chute far enough so that one of its lower lugs rests upon the lower end G4 Fig. 6, of the lever 64:, which is pushed into one of the guides 48 Fig. 16, bythe action of the straight end 89. In this position of the lever the sidelug 90 will assume a substantially horizontal position, its extended flat face resting upon the flat top of the elastic strip 89. In this position the side-lug 9'0 cannot restore itself to its inclined position, since the elastic tenl sion of the strip 89 is just sufficient to maintain the contact of the fiat surfaces, while the restoring power of the lever spring 66 is too small to deect the strip 89. Therefore the escapement-lever is held with its latch bolt 62 withdrawn from and' its lower end thrown into the path of the matrices in one of the guides 48, until the bar 68 has completed its forward stroke, carried the ,end of the pusher 78 against the pusher-block 85, driven the latter forward, advanced the matrix standing in the entrance-opening of the line-chambers, and then moved back nearly to the limit of its retrograde stroke. It is not until this latter point is reached that the sidelug 90 is released by the withdrawal of the strip 89 from beneath it. As this takes place, the lever 64 snaps into its normal position, withdrawing its lower end from the guide 48 and dropping the` single matrix held by said end into the entrance-opening of the linechamber. At the same moment, the latchbolt 62 engages the matrix directly above the one dropped, and holds the same, together with any other matrices resting upon it, until the whole operation last described is repeated. The time during which the escapement-lever 64 is held by the prolonged end 89 of the strip 88 is amply sufficient to permit the action of the pusher-block 85, by which the entrance-opening 61 is cleared, and to allow the complete withdrawal, or return of the said pusher-block 85, that it may be out of the path of the matrix which will next descend.
Within the line-chamber 51 Fig. 5,is loosely placed a follow-block or line-driver 91 preferably formed of a vertical block upon the end of a slide-plate 92 which rests upon the margins of the bottom-plate 56, Fig. 19. The end of the slide-plate 92 on which the linedriver 91 stands is next the entrance-end of the line-chamber, and in its normal position the block stands, when the first matrix enters the line-chamber 51, with its vertical face close to the entrance-opening 6l, but entirely out of the path of the iirst matrix descending. As the pusher-block 85 advances this matrix and each matrix succeeding it in the linechamber, the line-driver, moves step-by-step, toward the other end of the linechamber5l, as indicated in Fig. 5, where part of a line of matrices is shown, in process of assembling. The line-driver 91 forms a support for the advancing end of the line, and its true, vertical face, against which the first matrix is driven, holds the latter and the entire matrix-series, in accurate position for casting, when the line is compressed. The line-driver is not actuated by any constantly operating force, when the line is forming, but is moved in one direction by the step-by-step movement of the matrices as the line chamber is filled. After the type-bar is cast and the matrix-line has been carried to the point where distribution takes place, the line-driver is returned to the position at first occupied,"by devices which will be shortly described. This return-movement is for the purpose of moving the matrices back to the point lof entrance, where they are removed separately for distribution. The sole appendage of the line-driver 91,` for this purpose, is a stud 93, Fig. 19, which hangs from the bottom of the slide-plate 92, passing through the opening in the bottom-plate 56, and receiving a friction roll 95. The function of this device Vwill be explained in connection with the process of distribution.
Having assembled a 'full line of matrices in one of the line-chambers 51in the manner described, the next step in order is thev locking-up or compression of the line, to bring it to exact column-width, in readiness for the casting of the type-bai'. For this purpose the square 50 is turned one fourth of a revolution, by means hereinafter described, thereby bringing the full lines of matrices assembled lnto a second position, and at the same time presenting an empty'line-chamber to the assembling n1echanism,as clearly seen in Fig. 5.
If the mechanical details be closely com# pared, there may be said to be the following vdistinct steps necessary upto and including the injection of the melted metal within the mold; viz: first, the alignment, or the rectification of alignment, of the matrices inthe line-chamber, in order that the line of inltaglios may be perfectly straight; second the compression of the line longitudinally, to make it conform to the width of the column in which the type will stand; third, the moving up of the mold, including its rectified alignment with the intaglios, fourth, the rocking or vibrato ry movement ofV the melting-pot, to cause its exit-openings to register with the mold, and fifth, the injection of the melted metal. i
Referring to Fig. l, the reference-numeral 95 indicates the shaft-supporting the moldcarrier, 96. This shaft extends horizontally directly over the center of the square 5U and at vsome distance above it. At one end said shaft has bearing in the frame A of the machine and passes underneath the base of the column -support 14. The other end after crossingthe melting-pot, receives support in a yoke-frame B, which straddles the meltingpot and is bolted to the base of the machine. The gear connections of this shaft will be explained in their proper order, hereinafter. Upon this shaft, between the melting-pot and the square 50, stands the mold-carrier consisting of a heavy disk 96, Fig. 24, having a sleeve 97 upon its rearward face by which itis loosely mounted upon the'shaft.
At four separate points upon the moldcarrier, having their centers separated by equal intervals of ninety degrees of arc, are the separate mold-casings'98, Fig. 23. The mold casings are so constructed and arranged as to project in front of that vertical face of the disk 96 which lies adjacent to thel square. The mold-casings consist of oblong, rectangular bodies of metal of somewhat less length than the side of the square (Fig. 5) and have a projecting rectangular lip 99 Figs. 23, 24, in front and a similar lip in rear. The molds 100 are formed in the central, longitudinal line of these lips and are open in front and in rear. They are preferably made adj ustable, as to the length of the mold, by the employment of longer or shorter end pieces 101. If a mold is to be shortened longer end pieces are employed, and if the mold is to be lengthened then shorter end pieces are used. The mold-carrier or disk 96, being simply sleeved upon the shaft 95, without key, or spline, is moved with said shaft only at stated intervals and is also movable thereon without revolution toward and from the square, to enable the mold in which the cast is to be made t0 close upon the line of matrices and then move away to permit the square to make its periodical quarter-turn without striking the mold-casings 98. During this turn of the square, the mold-carrier must have a quarter 0f a com plete revolution to bring another mold around to the next line of matrices. The movement of the mold-carrier last described is made by the agency of a spring 102 coiled around the shaft 95 between the end of the sleeve-bearing 97 and a cam-block 103, rigidly mounted on the shaft 95 near the yoke-frame B. The separation of the mold from the matrices and the movement of the mold-carrier by which it is effected, are brought about in the following manner.
Loosely mounted upon the shaft 95 is a camring 104, 23, 24, lying between the mold-carrier 96 and a bevel-gear 105 keyed on the shaft near the front, or inner vertical face of the mold-carrier. Upon the flat face of the cam-ring 104 is a cam-segment 104a and upon the adjacent flat face of the bevel-gear 105 is a cam-projection 105L of suitable form to engage the cam-segment 104i* at each revolution of the shaft 95. Evidently, the mold after receiving the casting, must move away from the matrix-line at least an instant before the rotary movement of the square can begin. Moreover, as the latter is horizontal and the mold-carrier vertical and as both must accomplish a quarterrevolution before another type-bar can be cast, provision must be made for eecting these movements without collision between the angles, or angular portions. For this purpose the cam-ring 104 is supported on the shaft 95, but is prevented from revolving therewith by a bar 106 projecting from one side of the cam-ring and having its end pivoted, or suitably attached to a rigid support 107, Fig. 27, in such manner as to permit the slight movement of the cam-ring under the push of the cam-projection 105. By this operation of the cam, the mold-support 96 is driven slightly away from the square and brought into such position as to enable the lock-connection to operate whereby it is caused to partake of the revolution of the shaft 95, and this rotary movement of the mold-carrier is begun at such time, relatively to the movement of the square, that the angle or corner of the latter has ample space to make its movement in the opening, or space, between the adjacent ends of two of the moldcasings and the edge of the disk, or mold-carrier, as best seen in Fig. 23. The movement of the square being completed just before that of the mold-carrier, the mold-casing 98 can turn without obstruction into parallelism with the adjacent face of the square. The cam 105, Fig. 24, on the bevel-gear 105, is timed to pass off the cam-segment 104a on the face of the cam-ring 104 just before the rotary movement of the latter is arrested, thereby permitting the spring 102 to drive the mold-carrier toward the square at the close of its quarter-,turn upon the shaft 95.
Upon the front face of the mold-carrier 96 are rigidly mounted four rules 108, each having a straight edge 109, parallel with the 1ongitudinal line of the adjacent mold. These rules are arranged around the shaft 95, but at some distance therefrom, being so located that, when the mold closes upon the matrixline, the rule 108, parallel therewith, will overlie and have edge-contact with the surface of -a table 110 (Figs. 1, 2 and 24) which projects from the A frame and passes between the square and the shaft 95. The upper edge of this table is accurately parallel with the line of inta-glios, when the matrix-line lies in position for casting. Each rule 108 is so placed that, as the mold-carrier moves up and brings the mold against the line of matrices, the straight edge 109 will seat upon the top of the table, at the edge thereof, and not only act as a stop for the mold-carrier but will also align the mold 100 so that it will coincide with the lines of intaglios. Moreover, as the mold-support moves up toward the line of matrices, a moment before its rotary movement is completed, the fiat, front face of the rule 108 is caused to abut against the edge of the table 110, until the mold carrier 96 rotates sufficiently to place the straight edge 109 of the rule 108 in the proper position, or parallel with the top of the table, whereupon the spring 102 moves the mold-carrier and the straight edge of the said rule will snap over the top of the table a distance nearly equal to the thickness of the rule, thereby arresting the movement of the mold-carrier and at the same time bringing the central longitudinal line, of the mold 100 into alignment with the corresponding line of the intaglios. /Vhle the movement of the mold-support last described brings one of the molds 100 up to the line of matrices and carries its lip 99 through the opening 58 in the plate 54 and against the edges of the matrices, no sufficient pressure is yet exerted to press the said parts together to :form a close joint, the tension of the spring 102 beinginadequate for this purpose. As the mold closes up to the line in the manner described, the matrices are ad- IIO
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