US510112A

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Publication number: US510112A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1893-12-05
Anticipated expiration: 1910-12-05

Description

(N o ModeL) r I 4Sheets-Sheet1; J. H. BLESSING.

OOAGULA NT'FEBDER. 1 No. 510,112. 4 Patented Dec. 5, 1893.

Wmvassss JAMES H. LESSING Jl-ktorney.

GRAFPUNG cow N (No Model.) f 4SheetsSheet J. H. BLESSING.

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No. 510,112. 9 Patented 1160.5, 1893 WITNESSES: 015m 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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J. HQBLESSING. GOAGIILANT FEEDER.

1%.. 510,112. Patented Dec. 5, 1893.

INVENTOB JAM as BLESSI NGI M mm, 3 2M in: mmomm umoammm cauuuy,

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

J. H. BLESSINGC GOAGULANT FEEDER.

No. 510,112. I v Patented Dec. 5, 1893.

Wwu'sszs: INVENTQR W JAM'fEs H.BLES6ING,

WSW BY WMM omome UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES H. BLESSING, OF ALBANY, ASSIGNQR TO THE YORK FILTER COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

COAGULANT-FEEDER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 510,112, dated December 5, 1893.

Application filed March 16, 1892. Serial No. 425,153. (1% model.)

T0 on whom it may concern..-

Be it known that I, JAMES H. BLESSING, of the city and county of Albany, in the State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Automatic Devices for Feeding Liquid Coagulants into Water-Purifying Apparatus, of which the following is a specification. v

This invention relates to improvements on the apparatus for which Letters Patent of the United States No. 412,910 were granted to me on the'loth day of October, 1889; and the object of my present invention is to provide facilities for rendering the apparatus capable of a very delicate adj ustmeut, so that an exceedingly minute quantity of the coagulant can be automatically introduced into a predetermined quantity of water to effect the purification of the latter. In the purification of some waters a single drop of liquid coagulant to a gallon of the water is found to be ample to effect the precipitation of any organic matter that is held in suspension by the water, while in other waters the proportion of the coagulant to a gallon of water requires to be largely increased to effect alike purpose. wherein a delicate adjustmeutof the parts is absolutely a necessity, it is very essential that the parts which govern the admission of the coagulant should be kept as far as possible from the solution in its greatest strength, for the reason that the corrosive action would quickly destroy the parts and render the adjustment a futility. It is also essential, when this apparatus is used for household pur-' poseswhich is a use for which it is largely intendedthat the parts which regulate the quantity of the chemical to be admitted into the water, should be placed beyond interference from an ordinary domestic servant.

In the accompanying drawings, which i llus-' trate a mechanism for attaining the object above stated and which, being herein referred to, forms part of this specification-Figured is a side elevation of my invention applied to the water-supply pipe of a water-purifying apparatus. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical section of the automatic-valve mechanism for controlling the flow of water into the water-purifying ap- In an apparatus of this character,

paratusand into the chamber for containing the coagulant, the parts being in position to stop the flow of water into either portion of the apparatus. Fig. 4is a like section showing the parts in position to allow the Water to flow into the water-purifying apparatus and coagulant-chamber. Fig. 5 is an enlarged vvertical section of the coagulant-chamber. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section of Fig. 3 at the line X X. Fig. 7 is a horizontal section of Fig. 4 at the line Y Y. Figs. 8 and 9 are enlarged horizontal sections of Fig. 3 at the line Z Z, showing the valve for controlling the flow of water into the coagulant-chamber at two different points of its adj ustability. Figs. 10 and 11 are enlarged and detached side elevations of the valve for controlling the flow of Water into the coagulan-t chamber, showing.

said valveIadjusted at different points of its adjustability; and Fig. 12 is a plan view of the valve-casing with its bonnet removed and the valve-stem in horizontal section.

As represented in the drawings, A designates a water-purifying apparatus of a wellknown form, which I preferably use for this purpose, but it should be understood that my present invention can be profit-ably used in conjunction with any water-purifying'apparatus that operates under pressure.

B designates the valve-casing for containing the valve mechanism of my device.

0 designates the coagulant-chamber which .is usually made in cylindrical form and preferably of glass, so that the condition of its contents can be readily examined. Preferably the coagulant used in said chamber is in the form of crystals. v

The valve-chamber B has a cylindrical bore in which a cylindrical bushing, D, is tightly fitted to reduce the upper portion of said I bore. An annular passage, E, is formed near the upper end of said casing; said passage being formed by an enlargement'of the bore of the casing and the outer surface of the bushing D; the latter isprovided with a series of perforations, 1, leading from the passage E into the bore of said bushing. Said series of the perforations are made to extend from the bore of said bushing to the passage E, as shown in Fig. 7, and the combined openings of said perforations should have an excess of area over that of the passage F through which the water is conveyed into the apparatus, under pressure, by means of a supplypipe, G, which leads from the mains of a water-system. The valve-casing B contains a small filtering-chamber, H, which lies directly below the passage F, and from the latter a passage, 2, leads directly into said filteringchamber for the purpose of conveying a portion of the inflowing water thereinto. The filtering-chamber 11 contains a filling of sponge or other porous material that will remove the grit, and other substances that will be injurious to the lowermost valve of the device, while the water is percolating through the filtering material in said chamber; the filtering material is introduced into the chamber II by means of an opening, 3, which is closed by a screw-plug, 4, which forms a water-tight closure for said opening. At the lower part of the chamber l-I an opening, 5, leads into the lower portion of the bore of the valve-casing B for the purpose of conveying the filtered water from the chamber H into the lower portion of said valve-casing.

I designates a valve-stem which is provided with an upper-valve, J, and a lower-valve, K, both of which are made in the form of pistons, and are fitted to slide easilyin the bore of the bushing D. The upper-valve J is provided with one or more openings, 6, for a purpose hereinafter explained. A loose valve, L, is fitted to slide loosely on the upper portion of the valve-stem I, and said valve is designed to close the upper end of the bore of the bushing D. The valve L has its 1111b, 7, bored to leave aleakage around the valvestem 1, for the purpose of allowing water to pass into the bore of the bushing-under conditions hereinafter set forth-from the chambered-bonnet, M, which covers the upper end of the valve-casing B.

From one side of the valve-casing B an outlet-pipe, N, projects to convey the water from said valve-casing; preferablysaid outlet-pipe is arranged at the opposite side of the valvecasing from the supply-pipe G, and the distance between the valves J and K should be sufficient to avoid any danger of either of said valves closing over the opening of the outletpipe N.

In order to avoid any liability of the stoppage of the leaky joint of the hub 7 with the valve-stem I, a small opening, 8, is formed in the valve L, as shown in Figs. 3 and 12.

The valves J and K are fitted to reciprocate in the bore of the bushing D, and normally the valve J will remain at the lowest point of its movement to close all of the perforations 1as shown in Fig. 3-and thereby the flow of water through the valve-casing B will be prevented.

For the purpose of reducing the pressure of the outflowing water below that of the infiowing current, a weight, 9, is attached to the valve-stem I, and said weight should be proportioned to effect the required reduction in said pressures. The weight 9 is preferably arranged to be in the chamber formed by the bonnet M wherein it will be removed from interference on the part of those who are unauthorized to adjust the apparatus. It should be understood that the weight 9 should be proportioned to the area of the bore of the bushing D to effect the required reduction of pressure under all variations of the latter. For instance if the area of the bore of the bushing D is five square inches, and it is required to reduce the pressure of the outflowing water one pound per square inch below that of the incoming water, the weight 9 will require to be just five pounds to produce a reduction of one pound to the square inch regardless of the variations of pressure of the incoming water.

To the lower end of the valve-casing B there is attached a cylindrical extension, 0, whose bore is of a less diameter than that of the bushing D, but preferably said bores should be exactly centralized and in true alignment with each other. A tubular piston-valve, P, is fitted to reciprocate in the bore of said extension. Said valve is connected to the lower end of the valve-stem I by means of a coupling, 10, which will allow a slight degree of flexion to suit any variation in the alignment of the bores of the bushing D and extension 0. Preferably said coupling is made in the form shown in Letters Patent of the United States No. 310,870, granted to me January 20, 1885, for improvements in revoluble joints for valve-stems.

The valve P is composed of an inner cylinder, l1, and an outer cylinder, 12, which is fitted to reciprocate in the bore of the extension 0, and is bored to fit snugly on the periphery of said inner cylinder, to which it is secured by means of a nut, 13, fitted to screw onto the lower end of said inner cylinder; the latter has a longitudinal opening, 14,which extends upwardly from its lower end which remains constantly open. Said inner cylinder is provided with a collar, 15, which forms a seat for the upper end of the outer cylinder which is provided with a circumferential flange, 16, whose diameter is preferably made to correspond to that of said collar.

The inner and outer cylinders, 11 and 12, are both provided with a series of openings, 17, which correspond in both of said cylinders and are spaced in correspondence to the perforations 1 of the bushing D said openings lead into the longitudinal opening of the inner cylinder 11, and bya rotative adjustment of the inner and outer cylinders the effective IIO area of said openings can be regulated to suit the different conditions under which this apparatus may be required to operate.

For the purpose of indicating the adj ustment of the openings 17 in the outer cylinder with those of the inner cylinder, an index, or graduated scale, 18, is made on the periphery of the valve P, and said openings can be readily adjusted in the following manner: The bonnet M is first removed from the valve-casing B, and the valve-stem I, with its attached valves, is drawn out of the bore of said valvecasing, whereby free access is obtained to the valve P; the nut 13 is then slackened to free the outer cylinder 12 so as to allow either of the cylinders, 11 or 12, to be turned to bring the openings 17 into the required adjustment, after which the nut 13 is tightened to hold the two cylinders; after which the valve-stem I, and its attachments, is restored to its place, and the bonnet M is secured, thereby leaving the apparatus in condition for operation.

Leading from the lower end of the extension 0 there is a pipe, Q, which connects with the upper end of the coagulant-chamber C, said pipe being carried downward in said chamber nearly to the bottom of the latter, so that the water flowing through said pipe will be delivered into the lower end of the coagulant-chamber and be carried into contact with the coagulant contained therein, thereby effecting a thorough saturation of the water before it rises to the upper end of said chamber. An opening in the top of said chamberprovided with astopper 19aiTords the means for charging the chamber 0 with the coagulant, and a similar opening in the bottom of said chamberprovided with a stopper 20- affords the means for discharging any sedimentary deposit therefrom.

The coagulant-chamber is provided with a top-plate, 21, and a bottom-plate, 22, both having an annular groove, 23, for receiving the corresponding end of the cylinder 24, and each groove having an elastic annulus, 25, which forms a water-tight joint for said cylder. The top and bottom plates are each provided with lugs, 28, projecting from opposite edges of same. Said lugs are slottedso as to be open at one sideto receive the bindingbolts,27,which draw said plates closely against the ends of the cylinder 24 to form a watertight joint therewith. From the top-plate 21 a coagulant-pipe, 28, leads upwardly and is connected to the outlet-pipe N, said coagulant-pipe being providedjwith a check-valve,

29, to prevent the water that passes through the outlet-pipe N from getting back into the coagulant-pipe. Preferably the pipes Q and 28 are each provided with a stop-valve for the purpose of closing the passages through said pipes; said stop valves being respectively designated as 30 and 31. The outlet-pipe N connects with a branch-pipe, R, to convey water, either in the condition in which it is received from the mains or with coagulant mixed therewith, into the water-purifying apparatus.

When my invention is applied to a water system wherein a hot-water boiler is included provision is required for relieving the apparatus from the extra pressure produced by the expansion of the water by heat. Said provision is rnade by means of the openings 6in the valve J valve L, openings, 32, which lead from the belt-passage E into the chamber of the bonnet M, so that, when the valve J is in the position shown in Fig. 3 to effect the closing of the perforations 1, on the occurrence of a backward pressure, the water will be forced upwardly through the openings 6, and, after forcing the valve L to lift, downwardly, by the openings 32, into the passage E, and thence into the passage F to force backward the water toward the mains whereby it is supplied.

Myinvention operates in the following manner: The coagulant-chamber 0 being charged, in the manner hereinbefore described, with coagulant crystals which are readily soluble in water, the valves 30 and 31 are opened for the purpose of allowing the water to fiow downward through the pipe Q and the liquid coagulant to flow upward through the pipe 28 into the pipe N to commingle with the current of water which flows through the pipe N, the proportion of the coagulant solution to a predetermined quantity of water being regulated by adjusting the

cylinders

11 and 12 to either increase or diminish the area of the openings 17 as occasion may require. So long as no wateris being drawn from the purifying apparatus A the pressures on the lower face of the valve J and the upper face of the head K will be virtually balanced, so that the weight of the valve-stem I and its attachments will depress the valve J, and thereby effect the closing of the perforations 1, but as soon as the water-purifying apparatus A is opened, to allow the water to flow therefrom, the pressure acting upon the upper face of the head K will be reduced to a degree that will allow the pressure acting upon the lower face of said head to force the valve-stem I, and its parts, to move upwardly and carry the valve J from covering the perforations 1; c0- incidently with the upward movement of the valve J, the valve P will be moved upwardly to successively carry the openings 17 above the upper end of the extension 0 to uncover said openings; the uncovering of each row of the perforations 1 will occur simultaneously with the uncovering of the corresponding openings 17 in the valve P, thereby allowing a predetermined quantity of the partially filtered water from the chamber H to percolate through the openings 17 and thence downwardly, through the pipe Q, into the lower part of the coagulant-chamber C, to displace the same quantity of the coagulant-solution from said chamber. The quantity of solution so displaced will flow upwardly, through,

the pipe 28, and be discharged into the pipe N, wherein said solution will commingle with the current of infiowing water to effect a precipitation of the matter held in suspensionin said water. Said precipitation is readily separated from said water, when treated as above described, by passing the water through the filtering material contained in the waterpurifying apparatus A. The valve J, during the first of its downward movements, and until it has edected the closing of the perforations 1, descends rapidly. Then it settles down gradually until the flange l6 bears closely upon the upper face of the extension 0, to form a water-tight joint at that point. The final descending movement of the valve J will equal the distance that the lower part of said valve overlaps the lower perforation 1, and said descending movement is facilitated by the water which flows upwardly through the openings 32 and thence downwardly, through the leakage between the bore of the hub 7 and valve-stem I, and through the openings 6, into the space between the valve J and head K to re-establish an equilibrium of pressure in said space. In my earlier device, as covered by my former patent hereinbefore referred to, the liquid coagulant was carried into the valve-casing wherein it is liable to efiect a corrosion of the parts that will interfere with its operation. In this present device the liquid coagulant does not enter the valve-casing nor any part wherein a corrosive action of said coagulant will affect the operativeness ot' the apparatus, and, by reason of the provision made for the delicate adjustment of the openings through the valve P, the proportion of liquid coagulant to a given quantity of water can be reduced to such an infinitesimal quantity that any nocuous quality that said coagulant might possibly possess will be rendered perfectly harmless, while the potency of the solution for effecting the precipitation of matter held in suspension by the water will re main.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. An attachment for automatically controlling the supply of liquid coagulant fed into a water-purifying apparatus, the same consisting of a valve-casing containing an automatic valve which controls the flow of water into the water-purifying apparatus and an auxiliary valve attached to said automatic valve for the purpose of governing the flow of water into a coagulant-chamber, in combination with a coagulant-chamber, a coagulant-pipe leading upwardly from said coagulant-chamber into a pipe leading from said valve-casing into the water-purifying apparatus; whereby the liquid coagulant will be fed into said water-purifying apparatus without entering said valve-casing, as and for the purpose herein specified.

2. The combination of a valve-casing havingaseries of inlet-openin gs arranged to enter the bore of said casing at different planes, an

annular passage having direct communication with said openings, a water-supply passage leading into said annular passage and havinga constantly-open branch leading into the lower part of the bore of said casing, a water -discharge passage leading laterally from said bore, an automatic Water-controlling valve consisting of two connected pistons or heads which are fitted to slide in the bore of said valve-casing and to form a communicating passage between said water-discharge passage and inlet-openings; the lower piston forming a closure for said bore between said water-discharge passage and the branch of the water-supply passage, and an auxiliary valve operated by said automatic water-controlling valve and fitted to slide in an extension of said casing; said auxiliary valve being provided with a series of outlet openings for controlling the flow of water into a coagulant-chamber, as and for the purpose herein specified.

3. The combination with a valve-casing having a-water-supply passage leading into an annular passage provided with a series of inlet openings arranged to communicate with the bore of said casing at difierent planes, a filtering chamber which forms acommunication between said water-supply passage and the lower part of the bore of said casing, an automatic valve which controls the fiow of water into a water-purifying apparatus; said valve consisting of two connected pistons or heads fitted to slide in the bore of said casing and forming a communicating passage between said inlet openings and a water-discharge passage which leads laterally from the bore of said casing, and a tubular auxiliary valve operated bysaid automatic valve,whereby the supply of water flowing into an attached coagulant-chamber will be controlled, as and for the purpose herein specified.

4. The combination of a water-purifying apparatus, an automatic-valve for controlling the fiow of water into said apparatus, an auxiliary valve connected to and operated by said automatic-valve and arranged to control the flow of water into a coagulant-chamber, and a coagulant-chamber provided with a coagulant-pipe arranged to discharge liquid coagulant into the water-supply pipe of the water-purifying apparatus, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

JAMES H. BLESSING. Witnesses:

WM. F. WHEELooK, WM. H. Low.