US506658A - Tions electriques - Google Patents

Description

4 Y 8 Sheets-Sheet; 1.. L.A A. BBRTH-ON. MULTPLE 00MM'IA'IORv APP-ARATUSv FOR TBLBPHOB SYSTEMS.

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(No Modell.)

(N Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

L. A. BBRTHON. MULTIPLE GOMMUTATOR APPARATUS POR TELEPHONE SYSTEMS. No. 506,658.

Patented Oct. 17, 1893.

/VY/VVTOR: a @ad @VMM (No Model.) 3 Sheets-'Sheet 3. vL. A. BERTHON.

MULTIPLE GOMMUTATOR APPARATUS POR TELEPHONE SYSTEMS.

No. 506,658. Patented out. 17, 189.

ufff/naaf UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIs ALFRED BERTHON, OF PARIS, FRANCE, AssIGNOR To THE SOCIETE GENERALE DES TELEPHONES, (RESEAUX TELEPHONIQUES ET CONSTRUC- TIoNs ELECTRIQUES.)

MULTIPLE-COMMUTATOR APPARATUS FOR TELEPHONE lSYSTEMS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 506,658, dated AOctober 17, 1893.

Application filed .Tune 15, 1892. Serial 110.436,81?. (No model.) Patented in France November 16, 1891, No. 217,476, and in England May 16, 1892, No. 9,282. l

To all whom it may concern,.-

Beit known that 1,LoUIs ALFRED BERTHON, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing in Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Multiple-Commutator Apparatus for Telephonie Systems, (which invention has been patented in France, No. 217,476, dated November 16, 1891, and in England, No. 9,282, dated May 16, 1892,) of

ro which the following is a specification.

This `invention relates to multiple commutator apparatus for telephonie installations, such lfor example as the system known as the Berthon system of telephonic apparatus.

The invention aims to provide certain improvements in such apparatus, and in. the construction and arrangement of the contact plugs and spring jacks for multiple commutators, especially those of the said Berthon 2o system of telephonie apparatus with metallic circuits.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate my invention, Figure l is an end elevationof my improved contact plug. Fig. 2 is 2 5 a longitudinal section thereof on the line 2-2 in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section thereof cut at right angles to Fig. 2, and on the line 3 3 in Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a cross-section thereof out on the line 4.-4. in Fig. 2.

3o Fig. 5 is a fragmentary'view of one of the conductors adapted for Connection to the plug but in incomplete form. Fig. 6 is a similar view thereof in completejform. Fig. 7 is a fragmentary View of the opposite end of a 3 5 conductor. Fig. 8 is an elevation thereof showing the binding post for this end of the conductor in section. Fig. 9 is a Vertical section of a spring jack cut on the line 9-9 in Fig. 11. Fig. 10 is a fragmentary under side 4o plan View of a spring jack. Fig. 1l is afragmentary end elevation thereof. Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic view showing the circuits and apparatus for two subscribers lines disposed according to the preferred form of my invenn tion. Fig. 13 is a front view of a commutator showing the complete installation for six thousand circuits; and Fig. 14 is a vertical cross- A section thereof.

' Referring" to theaccompanying drawings,

I will now describe the preferred form of my 5o invention as applied to the Berthon system of telephonie apparatus with metallic circuits.

The contact plug, best shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4., is constructed of two pieces of brass 55 or other metal a b, a b', embedded fora long portion of their length in a block c d of insulating material, preferably that known as ivorine,.?. the metal pieces being formed with notches or projections e e forming abrupt shoulders into contact with which the ivorine penetrates so as to be elfectually secured thereto. Outside the block o d, the two pieces of metal a b, a b', are separated from each other by a thickness f of ivorine, which is held in grooves g in the metal pieces. See Figs. 1 and 2. The inner ends of the metal pieces have longitudinal holes h h respectively bored in them into which pass the metal rods that are secured to the 7o ends of the wires of the flexible conducting cable z'. For preventing all contact between the two rods x, the insulating block c d is extended rearwardly as a partition j between them. In the insulating block c CZ are also embedded two screw-nuts la 7c into which are screwed the screws that secure the sheath Z m of ivorine that incloses completely the said parts. The closed rear end m of the sheath is formed with a hole through which 8o passes the flexible conductor t'. A small ring n of copper or other material is clamped onto the woven covering of the conductor@ within the rear end of the sheathing and constitutes a collar for preventing the 'conductor from 85 being drawn out of the sheath. The block of ivorine is molded in a divided steel mold the interior of which has the exact configuration of the block to be produced. This mold is heated to the required degree, the above men- 9c. tioned pieces of metal which are to be embedded in the block, namely, a b, o b', and k lo are first introduced into the mold, and the remaining spaces are then filled with ivorine, and the whole is then subjected to spring pressure in the mold. After cooling the formed mass is removed.

The iiexible conducting cable t' contains two conductors, each of which is formed of a coiled brass wire n', see Fig. 5, the end of the coil being screwed onto a threaded copper rod and then covered by a winding of metal thread for diminishing the resistance ot the joint, and this is then covered by a silk orcotton winding or braiding o, and over this is fixed a thin metal tube c', see Fig. 6, which covers both the collars d of the metal rod :c and the under side of the windings or braidings to which it is secured by indentations e e. Fig. 6 shows the end of the conducting cable, the metal rods of which are secured in the holes of the block as before described, and

the other end of the cable is shown in Figs. l

7 and 8. This end has a metal covering which is constructed in electrical contact with and constitutes part of the electric conduc` tor passing through the cable, being joined to the covering and the conductor byindentations e e. This metal covering is secured by a set-screw p in the socket of a contact piece or binding post g. See Fig. 8. The flexible conductor thus formed offers a weak resistance but is ot' considerable mechanical strength on account of the double winding or braiding 'covering each conductor of the cable, and the furtherwinding or braiding which unites the two conductors in one cable.

The spring jacks "U are combined in rows of twenty upon an ivorine bar, lettered s s in Figs. 9, lO and 11. They also consist of metal pieces embedded in the insulating material at the time of molding the latter. I will describe in the first instance the arrangementofasinglespringjack. Threeare shown in Figs.` l0 and 11.

Two blocks of brass y z and y z notched along say half their length, are embedded in a-n ivorine slab s s and serve for holding by means of screws t t the copper blades u u', to which are soldered the conducting wires, while the springs o fu are secured likewise by screws t t to the other ends of the blocks y z, y z. The latter bear against their respective stops A A', with which they are in contact when at rest. The Stops are each formed of a small silver stud riveted each toa respective communicating plate embedded in the thickness of ivorine s s', and lettered B. B. The stop A is riveted to the communieating plate B, which is arranged to receive a wire at its part'lettered C, and the stop A is riveted to the communicating plate B', which is soldered at B to a piece oi' brass D of a trough-shaped crosssection. Facing the latter is another piece D of the same shape soldered to a communicating plate E, shown in dotted lines in Fig. l0, to which is soldered a wire at E. The three plates B, B and E being embedded in the ivorine s, are thus formed in one piecetherewith, as are consequently also the pieces A, A and D D to which they are riveted or soldered. At. each end of the bar s s is also embedded a bolt f g for fastening the bar to the framing of the commutator.

The brass pieces D D facing each other form between them a rectangular opening o", see Fig. 1l, into which'is inserted the plug F.

In Fig. l0, one plug F is shown entirely inserted into the spring jack, its extremity after having separated the two springs o v thereof, being held in position by the pressure of the latter in the notched sides of the former. In this position the contact vis interrupted between each of the springs and its stop. Fig. lO also shows another plug, lettered F', partially introduced into the entrance r of the spring jack. In this position,which is that for the testtrial of the telephonie circuit, the two wires of the plug are in communication with the pieces D D of the spring jack.

The diagram of the communications for the two subscribers lines, lettered A3 and B3,

is shown in Fig. l2. The two wires ofeach line are connected with the springs o) o of the spring jack, and the test wire to the piece D of Fig. 10. Two telephone apparatuses are shown at T and T', Fig. 12, with a'calling key C2 or C3 arranged forsending the current of the battery P through the plug F2 or F2,

anda calling key C4 or O5 arranged for lsending the current through the plug F4 or F5. jA commutator with leverV D2 when inthe raised position, puts the. two plugs F2 F4 in communication with the relay E2, which act- -uates in a local circuit the signalY for the termination of speech. When the lever D2 is turned down,therelay E2 is'short-circuited, and the telephone apparatus T is in communication. A battery II consisting of one element is' placed in the circuit of each telephone T T for the test of the lines. When the line is free, the trial wire is insulated and consequently the pieces D D are also insulated, and if the plug F3 be putin contact with these pieces, the telephone T will not' give any sound because the circuit of the batteryH is open. If 'the line is occupied, the trial wire will'be put' in communication by the plug with one of the wires of the line, that isto say, there is a communication between the pieces D D in all-the other spring jacks of the same line. The contact with the plug F5 will then cause a sound in the telephone T.

The reduced size of the above described spring jacks allows 'of the construction of commutator-s of great capacity, which can be served by the telephone attendant when seated.

Figs. 13 and 14 show the complete installation of a commutator for six thousand circuits. In these figures the call signals of the subscribers are at the upper part at Z, and just below these the signals yfor the end of speech Y; then come the local spring jacks at X, and the general spring jacks at U. The tableV carries the plugs F F', the lever commutators D2 correspondingv to those lettered D2 in Fig. l2, and the calling keys C2." The return cables of the call signals are placed at K. The last call signal is placed at 1.86 meters above the ground line, this being a height I oo IIO

that can readily be reached by an operator seated on a high seat.

What I claim is the following-defined novel features or improvements, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, namely:

l. In contact plugs for the spring jacks of telephone apparatus,y the two metallic conf ducting pieces, as a 19,711. b', in combination with aninsulating material carrying the same and molded thereto, as c cl, said metallic pieces being constructed with projections or shoul-v ders against which said insulating material is molded, whereby their displacement is prevented and they are insulated from one another. A

2. In Iiexible conducting cables for telephonic apparatus, the terminal rod, as w, adaptedto make electrical contact with the plug, the coiled conducting wire, as n', connected to said rod the winding of metallic wire over the joint between said conductor and rod, the textile braiding, as o, over said conductor, and the-metallic tubular clamp, consisting of a thin metal tube, as c', placed over the joint between said rod and, said coiledwire n', and indented against them substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

3. In spring jacks for telephonic apparatus, the combination of metallic conducting blocks, as y z, y z', the springs, as u o', secured to said blocks, the stops, asA A', for said springs', the conducting metallic plates, as B B', to which said stops are respectively electrically connected, the pieces, as D D', for

. receiving and holding the plugs, the conducting plate, as E, and the bar of insulating Ina-V terial, as s s', adapted to receive and hold the said recited parts and yinsulate them from each other, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. v

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. A A

LOUISALFRED BERTHON.

Witnesses:

JULES ARMENGAUD, RoBT. M. HooPER.

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