US505656A

US505656A - eeavey

Info

Publication number: US505656A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1893-09-26
Anticipated expiration: 1910-09-26

Description

` 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.) 4

, B. C. HEAVEY.

GARBAGE FURNACR 41\T0."505,656. Patented Sept. 26, 1893.

a'sheetg-sneet 2."

yPatented Sept. 26, 1893.

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l MIMI w/ li `lr/:111 l 1 (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

B. C. HBAVEY. A GARBAGE FURNAGE.

' Patented Sept. 26, 1893.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BERNARD C. HEAVEY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

GARBAGE-FU RNAC E.

' SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 505,656, dated September 26, 1893. applicati@ ned september 13, 1892. seria No. 445,759. oro model.)

To all w/tom tm/ty concern:

Be it known that I, BERNARD C. HEAVEY, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Im` a furnace which will be thoroughly eective in reducing the garbage to an odorless ash, and in decomposing the gases arising therefrom, so that the escaping productsv of combustion will be completely deodorized, and second, to provide at furnace which will destroy the garbage in large quantities and with great rapidity, while employing comparatively little fuel for the purpose.

In the drawings-Figure l', is a central longitudinal vertical section of my improved furnace, the section being taken on line l of Fig. 2, and viewed in the direction of the arrow; Fig. `2, a vertical cross-section of the same on line 2 of Fig. 1, and viewed in the direction of the arrow; Figs. 3, 4.-, 5 and 6, sectional views taken on lines 3, 4, 5 and 6, respectively, of Fig. 2 and viewed as indicated by the arrows.

The furnace A'is built upon a foundation sunk into the ground to the relative depth indicated by the surface line x. l

B B are the opposite side-walls of the furnace, C C theend-walls, and D the roof, all` constructed of tire-brick. 1

The furnace is strengthened by `vertical I- beams, W, placed at intervals against the side walls and tied together across the furnace at their upper ends by tie-rods w.

The furnace is divided internally into two combustion chambers E, F and two retort or iine chambers G, H, all located one above the other. The upper chambers, G, H, are, narrower than the lower chambers, as shown. The floor t of the chamber E is highest at the centerand inclines to the opposite ends. It comprises a layer of fire-brick imposed upon a bed or foundation layer of lire-clay or concrete t. The chambers E and F are divided from each other by a `horizontal re-grate I. The grate I is composed of bars or sections s, of the shape in cross-.section shown in Figs.

l and 5, `each formed of fire-clay. Each bar extends halt' way across between vthe side walls of the furnace, and the bars rest at their outer ends upon ledges formed in the said side-walls, and at their inner ends upon a fire-clay beam s extending longitudinally and centrally of the furnace. The beam is formed of abutting sections resting at their ends upon lire-clay pillars s2 which stand upon the foundation layer t. Each grate-bar s, extending from one side of the beam s', abnts against a companion bar extending from the opposite side of the beam, each pair forming a substantially continuous bar from one wall to the other of the furnace. Any one of the grate-bars may be removed when desired and replaced with another, without disturbing any of the other bars.

Between the chambers F G, is a fire-brick` partition fr, concave on its under side to at'- ford an arched ceiling for the chamber F, and iiat at its upper side where it forms the floor of the chamber G. Midway of its length the partition 7' has an-opening through it r. The chambers G H are separated by a firebrick partition q, arched on its under side and flat on its upper side, and extending short of the opposite ends of the chambers to afford the openings g. At its center the chamber H opens into a chimney D', which rises from the roof of the furnace.

At the side-walls B, of the furnace, and at about the height of the partition q, is a platform K, access towhich is had by means of an incline, not shown. The wall B is thickened longitudinally, the thickened portion, B2, resting on I-beamsW, as shown in Fig. 2. Extending down from the upper surface of the thickened portion B2, which is in the plane of the top of the platform K, are inclined chutes p, opening at their lower ends into the chamber F. Extending from the chutes p to the chamber H are fines 1o', and covering the tops of the chutes are doors, 102. In the wall B of the furnace, at the chamber F, are Stoke-openings n, closed by doors n formed of concrete plates suspended from pulleys which run upon a horizontal track n2 on the outer side of the wall B'. Extending through the wall B at the chamber E, are Stoke-openings m, provided with sliding IOO doors m2. Sunk in the ground at the side of the wall B is an ash-pit L. In front of the openings m are chutes m ,which extend from a plane somewhat above the lower sides of the openings to the ash-pit; and in the end Walls C O are iiues Zextending from the ash-pit to the chamber H. Y

Extending through the end walls of the furnace at the chambers E, F, are ports or openings lo for hydro-carbon burners 7c. Two ports k and burners 7c are provided at each end of the chamber E, near the top and at opposite sides of the line of pillars s2; and in the chamber F are an opening 7c and burner k at each end. The openings 7c [lare inward as shown. The burners I prefer to employ are those in which a stream of hydrocarbon oil is injected by means of steam. The two burners at the chamber F are in the horizontal plane and the ignited streams therefrom pass each other at the center of the chamber. The burners at the chamber E are caused to dip slightly and point toward the longitudinal center of the iioor t where the latter is highest, as described.

In operation the inflowing stream of oil is ignited at the burners, and the intense heat of the dames operates in a comparatively short time to raise the inner surface of the walls, floor t, grate, and partitions r q to a great heat. The garbage to be burned is hauled in wagons upon the platform K, and dumped directly into the chutes p, the doors p2 being opened for the purpose. From the chutes 19 the garbage falls upon the grate I, where it is subjected to the heat from the surrounding walls, and to the streams of iiame from the two upper burners. The garbage is spread over the grate by means of pokers or stirrers inserted through the Stoke-openings n, and as it is stirred and crumbles under the lheat it drops between the grate bars to the chamber E, where it is subjected to the flames from the lower burners 7c. The gases which arise from the garbage are subjected to the flames from the burners, and are rapidly decomposed. The gaseous products of comb ustion from the chambers E and F rise through the opening r to the chamber G and pass thence through the openings q to the chamber H, and out at the chimney. Any gases and vapor not destroyed in the chambers E, F, will when subjected to the intense heat of the chambers or flues G, H, be completely decomposed, so that the products of combustion escaping at the chimney will have no appreciable odor. All the air necessary for supplying combustion enters at the ports la, and the draft through the furnace may be regulated by a suitable damper y at the top of the chimney. As ashes accumulate in the chamber E, they may be withdrawn, by means of suitable scrapers, inserted through the Stoke-openings m, into the flues m and caused to fall into the ash-pit L. Any gases arising from smol-v composed by the heat of that chamber before escaping through the chimney to the atmosphere.

The furnace illustrated in the drawings covers an area of about thirty feet by thirteen feet, and is about twenty feet high, from the ground line to the roof. The combustion chambers are about twenty-five feet long, the chamber E about six feet wide, the chamber F about five and one-half feet wide, and the chambers or fines G H about four feet wide; and the furnace has a cremating capacity of about five tons of ordinary garbage per hour.

The burners employed consume comparatively little oil, but the heat generated thereby, and by the garbage during combustion, maintains all the chambers at a temperature which insures thorough' decomposition of the most refractory garbage and deodorization of the gases arising therefrom. Garbage wagons may be drawn by teams upon the platform K, and the wagon-contents dumped immediately into the chutes p.

Hot products of combustion are prevented from escaping at the chutes 1o, when the doors p2 are opened, by the draft through the viiues p.

The floor t of the chamber E is caused to incline downward from the center to the ends, as shown, for the reason that the heat of the streams of flame is so intense at the burners, that the most refractory fire-bricks are apt to be deleteriously affected thereby. The floor being lower at the ends, the danger of injury to the'floor near the burners, where the heat is most intense as stated, is diminished.

While the furnace shown is of the preferred construction, it may be modified without departing from the spirit of my invention as defined by the claims.

What I claim asnew, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a furnace for burning garbage and the like, the combination of the combustion chambers E, F, extending one above the other, a grate between said chambers, feed-chute extending to the chamber F, door for said chute, burners and Stoke openings-at both said chambers, a retort G above the chamber F and communicating therewith through a central opening r', outlet flues extending from opposite ends of the said retort and means for controlling the draft through the furnace, substantially as described.

2. In a furnace for burning garbage and the like, combustion-chambers E, F, and retorts G, I-I, extending one above the other, a grate between the chambers E, F, acentral opening between the chamber F and retort G, end openings between the retort G and retort H, a central outlet for the retort H, and burners and Stoke-openings at both the chambers E, F, substantially as described.

8. Ina furnace for burning garbage,'and the like, the combination with the combustion chamber F and retort-chamber above the IIO 1o of said chambers, retort and outlet therefor communicating with said chambers, stokeopenings at both said chambers, chute extend'- ing to the chamber F, doorfor said chute and elevated platform K, all constructed to operate substantially as and.l for the purpose set I5 forth.

BERNARD C. HEAVEY. In presence of- J. W. D YRENFORTH, W. N. WILLIAMS.