US5052018A - Anode for a direct current arc furnace - Google Patents

Anode for a direct current arc furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
US5052018A
US5052018A US07/420,290 US42029089A US5052018A US 5052018 A US5052018 A US 5052018A US 42029089 A US42029089 A US 42029089A US 5052018 A US5052018 A US 5052018A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
direct current
arc furnace
current arc
electrically conductive
outer layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US07/420,290
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English (en)
Inventor
Dane Meredith
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH
Original Assignee
Deutsche Voest Alpine Industrieanlagenbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsche Voest Alpine Industrieanlagenbau GmbH filed Critical Deutsche Voest Alpine Industrieanlagenbau GmbH
Assigned to DEUTSCHE VOEST-ALPINE INDUSTRIEANLAGEN GMBH reassignment DEUTSCHE VOEST-ALPINE INDUSTRIEANLAGEN GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: MEREDITH, DANE
Priority to US07/420,290 priority Critical patent/US5052018A/en
Priority to DE90117707T priority patent/DE59004311D1/de
Priority to EP90117707A priority patent/EP0422406B1/de
Priority to AT90117707T priority patent/ATE100662T1/de
Priority to ES90117707T priority patent/ES2048384T3/es
Priority to ZA907468A priority patent/ZA907468B/xx
Priority to CA002027479A priority patent/CA2027479C/en
Priority to TR90/0961A priority patent/TR25858A/xx
Publication of US5052018A publication Critical patent/US5052018A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Assigned to VOEST-ALPINE INDUSTRIENLAGENBAU GMBH reassignment VOEST-ALPINE INDUSTRIENLAGENBAU GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DEUTSCHE VOEST-ALPINE INDUSTRIEANLAGENBAU GMBH
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/02—Details
    • H05B7/06—Electrodes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an anode structure for a direct current arc furnace, and particularly to an anode constructed of electrically conducting refractory lining connected to a conductor on the outside of the furnace.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,541,099 discloses a direct current arc furnace with a bottom or hearth contact, in which the hearth or bottom lining of the furnace contains at its contacting face with the melt a ramming mass with electrically conductive metal parts or bricks with sheet metal inserts. To this is connected a first layer of electrically conductive bricks, a second layer of insulating bricks with interposed sheet metal layers or electrically conductive intermediate bricks and finally a third layer of electrically conductive bricks connected to connection contacts.
  • This lining is dome-shaped or planar, it only being in contact with the melt in the bottom area.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,821,284 discloses the use of a steel billet projecting into the melt as the bottom or hearth electrode. In this case the effect of the downwardly directed arc occurs to an even greater extent, so that the arc cone is even more pointed and once again there are cold zones adjacent to the furnace wall. This electrode also requires a water cooling located below the molten metal bath. This causes problems from the safety standpoint.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,853,941 discloses a d.c. arc furnace in which, between a hearth electrode and the melt, is provided a unitary layer of electrically conductive refractory bricks.
  • the bricks are made from a magnesite-graphite material which has been subject to a heart treatment in order to increase the electrical conductivity thereof.
  • the electrically conductive lining and the electrode are only positioned in the hearth area, cold zones on the furnace wall cannot be avoided.
  • the cooling conditions are unfavourable, so that the electrode is water-cooled.
  • the problem of the present invention is to provide an anode for a d.c. arc furnace, in which at least part of the furnace area receiving the melt is provided on its inside with an electrically conductive, refractory lining, which is electrically connected to a conductor located on the outside, which has a simple construction, ensures a uniform temperature distribution in the melt and also leads to a uniform wearing of the refractory lining. In addition, the need for water cooling is to be avoided.
  • a direct current arc furnace comprising a base including an upstanding perimetral wall.
  • An electrically conductive refractory lining is provided inside the perimetral wall to define, at least in part, a pool for containing a pool of molten metal.
  • a cylindrical conductor is placed around the electrically conducting refractory lining, inside the perimetral wall, and symmetrically located with respect to a cathode extending downward into the center of the pool.
  • the conductor is preferably in the form of a copper ring, which is fixed to the inside of the steel casing or jacket in the lower furnace wall area. As a result there is a large-area contact between the electrically conductive lining and the conductor. This construction also permits an effective air cooling of the conductor.
  • the invention is described in greater detail hereinafter relative to an embodiment shown in the drawing, which is a diagrammatic sectional representation of a d.c. arc furnace.
  • a vertically extending cathode 1 adjustable in said direction.
  • an electric current in the form of an arc. This produces adequate heat to melt metal charged into the furnace and keep it in the molten state.
  • the furnace has a steel jacket constituted by a lower Part 3 and a cylindrical upper part 4.
  • Lower part 3 and upper part 4 are mechanically interconnected by flanges 5 and 6, and are electrically separated by an insulating intermediate layer 7.
  • the furnace lining contains a layer of electrically conductive, wear-resistant and refractory bricks 8, which are in contact with the molten metal 2.
  • the unevennesses of the layer surface facing the molten metal caused by the shape of the bricks 8 is compensated by an electrically conductive ramming mass 9.
  • the layer of bricks 8 extends overmost of the bottom or hearth area of the furnace.
  • Electrically conductive, wear-resistant and refractory materials for producing bricks 8 are known, e.g. in the form of carbon-magnesite bricks.
  • the outer lining layer in the hearth area comprise bricks 10 made from electrically insulating, refractory material. Between the insulating layerof bricks 10 in the hearth area and the electrically conductive layer of bricks 8 is provided a layer of bricks 11 having a higher electrical conductivity than bricks 8, but not having the same wear resistance and refractoriness as these.
  • Graphite bricks are preferably used as the bricks11. The thickness of the layer of bricks 11 increases towards the outer edge. The drawing shows this layer in continuous form, but it can also be omitted in the central hearth area.
  • the graphite bricks should be placed so that the radial direction of the furnace corresponds to the direction of extrusion of the graphite so that electrical resistance is minimized inthe radial direction of brick layer 11.
  • a copper ring 12 is plated or in other ways fixed to adjoin the layer of bricks 11. Copper ring 12 can be continuous or, in its circumferential direction, can be subdivided into several segments. Copper conductors 13 are passed through the lower part 3 and connected to the copper ring 12 for power supply purposes.
  • the lining is formed by a continuous layer of refractory, electrically insulating bricks 10 above copper ring 12 and in the wall area of the furnace.
  • the hearth and the lower wall area of the furnace are provided with means for guiding a cooling medium, preferably air.
  • the cooling medium is supplied below the centre of the hewarth and in a carvity delimited by a bottom plate 14 of the hearth is brought radially outwards and by a deflection to the wall area level with the copper ring 12.
  • Cooling ribs 15projecting radially outwards into the cavity from lower part 3 increase thecooling effect and serve to carry the cooling medium.
  • the copper ring 12 e.g. has a height of about 400-700 mm and a thickness of about 20-60 mm.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)
US07/420,290 1989-10-12 1989-10-12 Anode for a direct current arc furnace Expired - Fee Related US5052018A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/420,290 US5052018A (en) 1989-10-12 1989-10-12 Anode for a direct current arc furnace
ES90117707T ES2048384T3 (es) 1989-10-12 1990-09-14 Anodo de un horno de arco de corriente continua.
EP90117707A EP0422406B1 (de) 1989-10-12 1990-09-14 Anode für einen Gleichstromlichtbogenofen
AT90117707T ATE100662T1 (de) 1989-10-12 1990-09-14 Anode fuer einen gleichstromlichtbogenofen.
DE90117707T DE59004311D1 (de) 1989-10-12 1990-09-14 Anode für einen Gleichstromlichtbogenofen.
ZA907468A ZA907468B (en) 1989-10-12 1990-09-19 Anode for direct current arc furnace
CA002027479A CA2027479C (en) 1989-10-12 1990-10-12 Anode for a direct current arc furnace
TR90/0961A TR25858A (tr) 1989-10-12 1990-10-12 DüZ AKIMLI BIR ARK OCAGI ICIN ANOD.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/420,290 US5052018A (en) 1989-10-12 1989-10-12 Anode for a direct current arc furnace

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US5052018A true US5052018A (en) 1991-09-24

Family

ID=23665876

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US07/420,290 Expired - Fee Related US5052018A (en) 1989-10-12 1989-10-12 Anode for a direct current arc furnace

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5052018A (xx)
EP (1) EP0422406B1 (xx)
AT (1) ATE100662T1 (xx)
CA (1) CA2027479C (xx)
DE (1) DE59004311D1 (xx)
ES (1) ES2048384T3 (xx)
TR (1) TR25858A (xx)
ZA (1) ZA907468B (xx)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5199043A (en) * 1991-08-09 1993-03-30 Deutsche Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Lining for a direct-current electric arc furnace
US5237585A (en) * 1990-09-03 1993-08-17 Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. Direct-current arc furnace having circumferential zones of varying conductivity
AU645706B2 (en) * 1991-08-12 1994-01-20 Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Anode for a direct current arc furnace
US5297159A (en) * 1990-07-17 1994-03-22 Flohe Gmbh & Co. Direct current-light arc furnace
US5371759A (en) * 1991-09-12 1994-12-06 Kortec Ag D.C. furnace with a hearth electrode, hearth electrode and electrode block, as well as process for operating said furnace
US5867523A (en) * 1996-05-28 1999-02-02 Hatch Associates Ltd. Electric furnace with conductive hearth
US6693949B1 (en) * 1999-06-04 2004-02-17 Sms Demag Ag Method and device for operating electric arc furnaces and/or resistance furnaces
CN110608617A (zh) * 2019-10-22 2019-12-24 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 一种直流电弧炉的底电极

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4129756C2 (de) * 1991-09-04 1995-06-29 Mannesmann Ag Metallurgisches Gefäß für eine Gleichstromlichtbogeneinrichtung
US6331068B1 (en) 1999-02-18 2001-12-18 Lacks Industries, Inc. Flexible lamp mounting
DE19925554A1 (de) * 1999-06-04 2000-12-07 Sms Demag Ag Bodenelektrode für metallurgische Schmelzgefäße

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4277638A (en) * 1978-12-29 1981-07-07 Asea Aktiebolag Prefabricated unit for a DC arc furnace
US4324943A (en) * 1979-06-26 1982-04-13 Asea Aktiebolag DC Arc furnace hearth construction
US4336411A (en) * 1980-03-10 1982-06-22 Asea Aktibolag Molten metal heating, stirring and casting apparatus
US4541099A (en) * 1983-04-21 1985-09-10 Asea Aktiebolag DC Arc furnace improved hearth construction
US4549301A (en) * 1982-06-01 1985-10-22 Institute De Recherches De La Siderurgie Francaise (Irsid) Direct-current electric-arc furnace and method of operating same
US4618963A (en) * 1984-01-25 1986-10-21 Asea Ab Direct current arc furnace
US4821284A (en) * 1986-08-01 1989-04-11 Clecim Scrap-melting process and electric furnace for carrying out the process
US4853941A (en) * 1985-02-21 1989-08-01 Asea Brown Boveri Ab D.C. arc furnace having electrically conductive hearth and method for making same

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR888149A (fr) * 1942-07-17 1943-12-03 Alais & Froges & Camarque Cie Four à arc universel
DE3817381A1 (de) * 1988-05-18 1989-11-30 Mannesmann Ag Verschleissarme elektrode in gleichstromlichtbogenofen

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4277638A (en) * 1978-12-29 1981-07-07 Asea Aktiebolag Prefabricated unit for a DC arc furnace
US4324943A (en) * 1979-06-26 1982-04-13 Asea Aktiebolag DC Arc furnace hearth construction
US4336411A (en) * 1980-03-10 1982-06-22 Asea Aktibolag Molten metal heating, stirring and casting apparatus
US4549301A (en) * 1982-06-01 1985-10-22 Institute De Recherches De La Siderurgie Francaise (Irsid) Direct-current electric-arc furnace and method of operating same
US4541099A (en) * 1983-04-21 1985-09-10 Asea Aktiebolag DC Arc furnace improved hearth construction
US4618963A (en) * 1984-01-25 1986-10-21 Asea Ab Direct current arc furnace
US4853941A (en) * 1985-02-21 1989-08-01 Asea Brown Boveri Ab D.C. arc furnace having electrically conductive hearth and method for making same
US4821284A (en) * 1986-08-01 1989-04-11 Clecim Scrap-melting process and electric furnace for carrying out the process

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5297159A (en) * 1990-07-17 1994-03-22 Flohe Gmbh & Co. Direct current-light arc furnace
US5237585A (en) * 1990-09-03 1993-08-17 Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. Direct-current arc furnace having circumferential zones of varying conductivity
US5199043A (en) * 1991-08-09 1993-03-30 Deutsche Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Lining for a direct-current electric arc furnace
AU645706B2 (en) * 1991-08-12 1994-01-20 Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Anode for a direct current arc furnace
US5365542A (en) * 1991-08-12 1994-11-15 Deutsch Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Anode for a direct current arc furnaces
US5371759A (en) * 1991-09-12 1994-12-06 Kortec Ag D.C. furnace with a hearth electrode, hearth electrode and electrode block, as well as process for operating said furnace
US5867523A (en) * 1996-05-28 1999-02-02 Hatch Associates Ltd. Electric furnace with conductive hearth
US6693949B1 (en) * 1999-06-04 2004-02-17 Sms Demag Ag Method and device for operating electric arc furnaces and/or resistance furnaces
CN110608617A (zh) * 2019-10-22 2019-12-24 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 一种直流电弧炉的底电极
CN110608617B (zh) * 2019-10-22 2024-05-14 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 一种直流电弧炉的底电极

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2027479C (en) 1994-08-16
ATE100662T1 (de) 1994-02-15
EP0422406B1 (de) 1994-01-19
DE59004311D1 (de) 1994-03-03
CA2027479A1 (en) 1991-04-13
EP0422406A3 (en) 1991-06-26
TR25858A (tr) 1993-09-01
ZA907468B (en) 1991-06-26
ES2048384T3 (es) 1994-03-16
EP0422406A2 (de) 1991-04-17

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Owner name: DEUTSCHE VOEST-ALPINE INDUSTRIEANLAGEN GMBH, NEUSS

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Effective date: 19891011

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Effective date: 20030924