US501996A - emmenb- - Google Patents
emmenb- Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US501996A US501996A US501996DA US501996A US 501996 A US501996 A US 501996A US 501996D A US501996D A US 501996DA US 501996 A US501996 A US 501996A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- anodes
- cathodes
- iron
- bar
- linings
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910001296 Malleable iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000832 Cutin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001875 Ebonite Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000002370 ICC Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- XKUUMWKWUZRRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptan-2-amine;sulfuric acid Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCC(C)[NH3+].CCCCCC(C)[NH3+] XKUUMWKWUZRRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000499 pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000036633 rest Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions or iron group metals, refractory metals or manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B7/00—Electrophoretic production of compounds or non-metals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S204/00—Chemistry: electrical and wave energy
- Y10S204/07—Current distribution within the bath
Definitions
- This invention consists in certain novel combinations of parts in an electrolytic-apparatus, as hercinafter set forth and claimed.
- the apparatus is primarily designed for the production of malleable iron by electrolysis from ordinary pig-iron, but it is also suitable for other uses.
- the objects of the present invention are to facilitate separating and removing from the apparatus the impurities which fall from the anodes, and to provide for readily removing any individual anode or cathode without interrupting the operation of the apparatus.
- Figure l of these drawings represents a top plan 'of an electrolytic apparatus, and Fig. 2 represents a Vertical cross-section on theline 2-2 Fig. 1.
- the vat of the apparatus comprises a rectangular iron tank, A, open at the top, and provided with longitudinal side-linings, B, of Wood dipped in melted paraffine.
- These linings are provided with cavities or receptacles, O, to catch the impurities which drop from the anodes, D; and the space between the sidelinings forms at bottom a receptacle, E, for any powder or fiakes that may fall from the cathodes, F.
- the side-linings are readily removed and replaced, in emptying the vat and re-assembling the parts; and by removingthe respective side-linings the impurities within their cavities are taken out of the apparatus, and the deposit of powder or fiakes in the re-. ceptacle E, free from admixture with such impurities, is exposed so as to be readily removed for utilization.
- Each of the anodes is provided with a clamp, G, held tightly in place by its screw,I-l, which carries a horizontal nut-receiving b0lt,I; and each of these bolts I rests in a notch, J, cutin a positive pole-bar, K.
- Two of these bars constituting the ,anode supports rest on the upper surfaces of the side-linings B, so as to be insulated from the iron tank and from each other thereby and are bolted at one end to a cross-bar, L, to which the positive pole of the battery or dynamo may be connected in any suitable manner.
- the cathodes F are suspended by means of clamp-bolts, M, from notches, N, in a negative pole-bar, O.
- This pole-bar is supported by two notched blocks, P, of ebonite or other insulating material, fitted to the upper edge of the tank at its respective ends, and is connected in any suitable manner with the negative pole of the battery or dynamo.
- any anode or cathode can be detached and lifted out of the apparatus, and replaced by a fresh one, Without inoonvenience, and without inanyway disturbing the remainder; and consequently, the operation may be rendered practically continuous.
- the anodes D are preferablyfull-sized pigs of gray iron;
- the cathodes F are bars of malleable iron having an effective surface one-fourth that of the anodes to which they are respectively opposite;
- the electrolyte, E', Fig. 2 in which the anodes and cathodes are immersed, is composed at the beginning of a nearly saturated aqueous solution of ammonium-sulphate protected from the oxidizing action of the atmosphere by a floating layer, O', Fig. 2, of paraftine oil or the like;
- the tension of the current employed should be from three to four volts, and its density should be about onetwentieth of one ampere per square inch of the operative cathode surface.
- anode 01' cathode may be i'elnoved fi'om the apparat-us without opening' the electric cir-' cnit, said devices comprising, first, a positive' pole-bar notched at the top, secondly, a screwclamp attached to each anode and i provided with a hoi'izontal nut-receivingbolt occupying a notch of said pole-bar, thirdly, a negative pole-bar notched at the top, and, fourthly, cathodes in the form of bai's provided at their upper ends With hol'izontal elamp-bolts which occupy the notches of said negative pole-bar, substantially as hereinbefoi'e specified.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Description
(No Model.) 2 Sheets-fSheet 1.
s. H. BMMBNS.
. BLBOTROLYTIG BATH. I
No. 501,996. `Patented July 25,1893.
Wilhmoo ug4 I STEPHEN HENRY EMMNS llNiTn TATES' STEPHEN H. EMMENS, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.
ELECTROLYTIC BATH.
SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent o. 501,996, dated July 25, 1893. Application filed 'Tune 17, 1889. Serial No. 314.569. (No model.)
T0 all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, STEPHEN HENRY EM- MENS, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, and a resident of London, England, temporarily residing at Harrison, in the State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Electrolytic Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.
This invention consists in certain novel combinations of parts in an electrolytic-apparatus, as hercinafter set forth and claimed.
The apparatusis primarily designed for the production of malleable iron by electrolysis from ordinary pig-iron, but it is also suitable for other uses.
The objects of the present inventionare to facilitate separating and removing from the apparatus the impurities which fall from the anodes, and to provide for readily removing any individual anode or cathode without interrupting the operation of the apparatus.
Two sheets of drawings accompany this specification as part thereof. i
Figure l of these drawings represents a top plan 'of an electrolytic apparatus, and Fig. 2 represents a Vertical cross-section on theline 2-2 Fig. 1.
Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in both figures.
The vat of the apparatus comprises a rectangular iron tank, A, open at the top, and provided with longitudinal side-linings, B, of Wood dipped in melted paraffine. These linings are provided with cavities or receptacles, O, to catch the impurities which drop from the anodes, D; and the space between the sidelinings forms at bottom a receptacle, E, for any powder or fiakes that may fall from the cathodes, F. The side-linings are readily removed and replaced, in emptying the vat and re-assembling the parts; and by removingthe respective side-linings the impurities within their cavities are taken out of the apparatus, and the deposit of powder or fiakes in the re-. ceptacle E, free from admixture with such impurities, is exposed so as to be readily removed for utilization.
Each of the anodes is provided with a clamp, G, held tightly in place by its screw,I-l, which carries a horizontal nut-receiving b0lt,I; and each of these bolts I rests in a notch, J, cutin a positive pole-bar, K. Two of these bars constituting the ,anode supports rest on the upper surfaces of the side-linings B, so as to be insulated from the iron tank and from each other thereby and are bolted at one end to a cross-bar, L, to which the positive pole of the battery or dynamo may be connected in any suitable manner.
The cathodes F are suspended by means of clamp-bolts, M, from notches, N, in a negative pole-bar, O. This pole-bar is supported by two notched blocks, P, of ebonite or other insulating material, fitted to the upper edge of the tank at its respective ends, and is connected in any suitable manner with the negative pole of the battery or dynamo. Owing to the Suspension of the anodes and cathodes as above, any anode or cathode can be detached and lifted out of the apparatus, and replaced by a fresh one, Without inoonvenience, and without inanyway disturbing the remainder; and consequently, the operation may be rendered practically continuous.
In employing the apparatus for the production of malleable iron from cast-iron, the anodes D are preferablyfull-sized pigs of gray iron; the cathodes F are bars of malleable iron having an effective surface one-fourth that of the anodes to which they are respectively opposite; the electrolyte, E', Fig. 2, in which the anodes and cathodes are immersed, is composed at the beginning of a nearly saturated aqueous solution of ammonium-sulphate protected from the oxidizing action of the atmosphere by a floating layer, O', Fig. 2, of paraftine oil or the like; the tension of the current employed should be from three to four volts, and its density should be about onetwentieth of one ampere per square inch of the operative cathode surface.`
The electrolytic operation of the apparatus, and its modification for other processes, will be understood by those skilled in the art without further description.
Theprocess of producing malleable iron from cast-iron above referred to constitutes no part of the present invention, being the subject of my specification and claims forming part of another application for United States Patent, filed June 17, 1889, Serial No. 314,570.
ICC
I claim as my invention and desii'e to patent undei' this specification- 1. In an electrolytic apparatus, the combination with suitable anodes and cathodes and their connectious of a vat having removable side-linings the lower parts of which arepx'ovided with cavities or receptacles for collect-Z ing the impnrities that fall from the anodes.
2. In an electi'olytic apparatus, containing a plurality of anodes and cathodes arranged in parallel lines, the combination with a suitable vat of devices whereby any individual; anode 01' cathode may be i'elnoved fi'om the apparat-us without opening' the electric cir-' cnit, said devices comprising, first, a positive' pole-bar notched at the top, secondly, a screwclamp attached to each anode and i provided with a hoi'izontal nut-receivingbolt occupying a notch of said pole-bar, thirdly, a negative pole-bar notched at the top, and, fourthly, cathodes in the form of bai's provided at their upper ends With hol'izontal elamp-bolts which occupy the notches of said negative pole-bar, substantially as hereinbefoi'e specified.
STEPHEN I-I. EMMENS.
Witnesses:
NEWTON W. EMMENS, SAMUEL B. IIAMBURGER.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US501996A true US501996A (en) | 1893-07-25 |
Family
ID=2570832
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US501996D Expired - Lifetime US501996A (en) | emmenb- |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US501996A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2635077A (en) * | 1944-03-24 | 1953-04-14 | Cox George Chandler | Electrode for the electrolysis of seaport and related waters |
US3041253A (en) * | 1956-02-08 | 1962-06-26 | Electro Chimie Metal | Electrolytic preparation of iron powder |
-
0
- US US501996D patent/US501996A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2635077A (en) * | 1944-03-24 | 1953-04-14 | Cox George Chandler | Electrode for the electrolysis of seaport and related waters |
US3041253A (en) * | 1956-02-08 | 1962-06-26 | Electro Chimie Metal | Electrolytic preparation of iron powder |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3819504A (en) | Method of maintaining cathodes of an electrolytic cell free of deposits | |
US501996A (en) | emmenb- | |
US2311257A (en) | Electrolytic beryllium and process | |
US3915817A (en) | Method of maintaining cathodes of an electrolytic cell free of deposits | |
US2629688A (en) | Electrolytic apparatus for production of magnesium | |
US1239443A (en) | Apparatus for electrolytic deposition. | |
US1267141A (en) | Totally-submerged electrode. | |
US533596A (en) | Half to robert rintoul symon | |
US1287156A (en) | Electrolytic apparatus. | |
US578171A (en) | Charles p | |
US1092369A (en) | Process of making chlorates and apparatus therefor. | |
US969921A (en) | Electrolytic apparatus. | |
US569722A (en) | Plating apparatus | |
US467484A (en) | stalmann | |
US4107006A (en) | Electrolysis cell | |
IL34091A (en) | An apparatus for the electrolysis of sea water or other saline solutions,especially for their sterilization | |
US1461276A (en) | Apparatus for the electrolytic production of metallic alloys in the form of paste orsludge | |
US264927A (en) | cassel | |
US485618A (en) | Apparatus for and process of refining copper by electricity | |
US545328A (en) | Process of and apparatus for refining metals electrolytically | |
US322169A (en) | Moses g | |
US460354A (en) | von siemens | |
JPS5993894A (en) | Electrolytic winning of metallic mg using low density bath | |
US922470A (en) | Anode element. | |
US657119A (en) | Process of refining copper from solutions containing antimony as an impurity. |