US501222A - Paul charles dame and leon prud hon - Google Patents
Paul charles dame and leon prud hon Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US501222A US501222A US501222DA US501222A US 501222 A US501222 A US 501222A US 501222D A US501222D A US 501222DA US 501222 A US501222 A US 501222A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- dame
- leon
- prud
- hon
- hair
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 210000004209 Hair Anatomy 0.000 description 36
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 210000000988 Bone and Bones Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 241000283153 Cetacea Species 0.000 description 8
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 8
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- JUNWLZAGQLJVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-J Calcium pyrophosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O JUNWLZAGQLJVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 210000003414 Extremities Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000003284 Horns Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 Wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011092 calcium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
- D06M23/14—Processes for the fixation or treatment of textile materials in three-dimensional forms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
- G09B23/30—Anatomical models
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S530/00—Chemistry: natural resins or derivatives; peptides or proteins; lignins or reaction products thereof
- Y10S530/827—Proteins from mammals or birds
- Y10S530/842—Skin; hair; nails; sebaceous glands; cerumen
Definitions
- This invention has been patented in France June 25, 1892, No. 222,59i, and in Belgium June 27, 1892, No. 100,292.
- the horse hair is taken out and plunged into a tub of running water, by this process it is freed of the excess of lime, of potash and of the soluble salts which have been formed and there remains around the same, proteine in solution in an alkaline liquid.
- the hair is then immersed in diluted acetic acid which causes acetate of potash and acetate of lime, which precipitate to the bottom, and as the acetic acid-precipitates the proteine instantaneously the latter is fixed round each hair.
- the whalebone For the whalebone, they are then submitted to a strong hydraulic pressure varying between two hundredgmd two hundred and eighty kilograms per square centimeter and to a rolling between cylinders, heated according to the required degree. They are afterward dried under pressure in adrying chamber and the whale bone is formed which is identical with the natural bone produced by the animal; the compression and the drying can take place simultaneously by means of a hydraulic press adapted for that purpose. It is also possible to proceed by letting the prepared horse hairs dry completely and then heating them to a degree of temperature where the proteins softens and causes the soldering of the hairs.
- the hairs can be prepared in a string or not, but the best way is to arrange them parallel and in the shape of a sheet, in a frame by which their extremities are kept well pressed. These sheets we superimpose the one above the other in the molds, while the hair is still soft,in order to obtain the desired thickness of the whale bone.
- the horse hairs or other hairs can be of any nature, of any production and of any color; by mixing the tints conveniently, we obtain not only the quality of homogeneity and elasticity, but even the appearance of the natural whale bone. We can even proceed by the indicated means with horn and wool.
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
PAUL CHARLES DAME AND LEON PRUDHON, OF PARIS, FRANCE.
METHOD OFMAKING ARTIFICIAL WHALEBONE.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 501,222, dated July 11, 1893.
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that we, PAUL CHARLES DAME and LEON PRUDHON, citizens of the French Republic, residing at Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Making Artificial WVhalebone, of which the following is a specification.
This invention has been patented in France June 25, 1892, No. 222,59i, and in Belgium June 27, 1892, No. 100,292.
Although it is possible by our process to manufacture whalebone with every albuminous animal matter either filamentoid or horny, We prefer taking horse hair or animal hair to make the same.
We proceed as follows: We take horse hair, well Washed and free of all fatty substances and we dip it in a more or less concentrated bath of lime and potash consisting generally of two parts of potash, one part of lime and one part of water, that weight being very convenient. When the bath is hot it attacks the hair quickly, when it is cold or less concentrated its action is slower. Under this action every hair is attacked at its periphery; sulphide of potassium, sulphide of calcium, phosphate of potassium, phosphate of lime and proteine are formed. Thehorse' hair becomes soft. As soon as the action is deemed to be suflicient the horse hair is taken out and plunged into a tub of running water, by this process it is freed of the excess of lime, of potash and of the soluble salts which have been formed and there remains around the same, proteine in solution in an alkaline liquid. The hair is then immersed in diluted acetic acid which causes acetate of potash and acetate of lime, which precipitate to the bottom, and as the acetic acid-precipitates the proteine instantaneously the latter is fixed round each hair. The sheets of hair thus obtained, the hairs being arranged parallel or not, are then placed, after a previous drying of more or less duration, in a mold; a convenient number of the same are superimposed, according to the thickness which is required Applicatfnafiled November 18. 1892. Serial No. 462,445. (No specimens.) Patented inFrance-Tune 25,1892, No.222,594,andin 4 Belgium June 27, 1892,1Io. 190,292. I
for the whalebone, they are then submitted to a strong hydraulic pressure varying between two hundredgmd two hundred and eighty kilograms per square centimeter and to a rolling between cylinders, heated according to the required degree. They are afterward dried under pressure in adrying chamber and the whale bone is formed which is identical with the natural bone produced by the animal; the compression and the drying can take place simultaneously by means of a hydraulic press adapted for that purpose. It is also possible to proceed by letting the prepared horse hairs dry completely and then heating them to a degree of temperature where the proteins softens and causes the soldering of the hairs.
The hairs can be prepared in a string or not, but the best way is to arrange them parallel and in the shape of a sheet, in a frame by which their extremities are kept well pressed. These sheets we superimpose the one above the other in the molds, while the hair is still soft,in order to obtain the desired thickness of the whale bone.
The horse hairs or other hairs can be of any nature, of any production and of any color; by mixing the tints conveniently, we obtain not only the quality of homogeneity and elasticity, but even the appearance of the natural whale bone. We can even proceed by the indicated means with horn and wool.
We claim- The herein described process of forming artificial whale bone from animal hair consisting in subjecting the same to a softening bath then immersing the material in a bath of acetic acid and finally subjecting the mass to pressure, substantially as described.
In witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands in the presence of two witnesses.
PAUL CHARLES DAME. LEON PRUDHON.
Witnesses:
RoB'r. M. Hoorna, CH. CASALONGA.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US501222A true US501222A (en) | 1893-07-11 |
Family
ID=2570057
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US501222D Expired - Lifetime US501222A (en) | Paul charles dame and leon prud hon |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US501222A (en) |
-
0
- US US501222D patent/US501222A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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