US499478A - Island - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

G. W.- STAFFORD. LINGO FOR LOO MS.

.No. 499,478. PatentedJune 13,1893.

ITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE W. STAFFORD, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

LINGO FOR LOOMS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 499,478, dated Jun'e 13, 1893.

Application filed March 15, 1893. Serial No, 466,119- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE W. STAFFORD, a citizen of the United States, residing at .Providence, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lingoes for Looms, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates'to the lingoes or harness weights which are used in looms, particularly in connection with the heddles of Jacquard harness. These weights ordinarily are made of pieces of wireof suitable diame ter and length, and usually have the eyes, by which they are connected with the heddletwines or wires whereby they are suspended, tormedby holes that are punched through the ends of the wires, the said ends being flattenedand thereby widened prior to theformation of the said holes in order to enable the latter to be madeof sufficient size. Lingoes having the eyes made in this way present serious objections and disadvantages in use. In the first place, the flattened portions of the lingoes take up room laterally, and, in addition, interfere somewhat with the vertical movements of the lingoes. In the second place, when the lingoes are suspended by twine heddles, if the interior edges of the eyes are rough or sharpthey will quickly cut the portions of the heddle-twines which are passed through the said eyes, and, also, the flattened portions project to such an extent that in the closely massed bunch of lingoes and suspending heddle-twines in a loom the said twines become badly chafed or cut bythe edges or angles of the said projecting flattened portions. Usually, in practice, aftera hole has been punched through the flattened end of the piece of wire of which a lingo is formed, the sides of the hole are countersunk and the top or head of the lingo is ground, the object of these operations being to render the said sides and top or head smooth. It requires considerable skill on the part of the maker to get the parts sufficiently smooth and so that they will not cut the suspending heddle-twines. It is almost the rule that from three to ten per cent. of the lingoes pertaining to the twine heddles of the Jacquard harness of a loom will fall oif in the first few days of operation. Furthermore, not only does the flattened and widened head chafe on the twines that are attached to the other lingoes near it and thus cut them out, but the said head, in consequence of being widened, necessarily takes up more room laterally.

When lingoes are made in the customary manner above described, the eyes thereof are closed all around, that-is have no slots oropenings leading thereto. Consequently, the operations of attaching wire heddles to such lingoes are difficult and expensive. Either the wire of which such heddles are made must be threaded through the eyes of thelingoes before the said wires are doubled, and twisted together to form the heddles, or, when it is sought to use finished heddles,special means of uniting or attaching the heddles to the lingoes must be provided and applied. Recently, various improved forms of lingoes have been devised in which these objections and disadvantages have been more or less completely obviated, but these improved lingoes have been of such characters and constructions as that they have not yet come into general .use, owing to the expense attendant upon their production.

The object of my present invention has been to provide a lingo which not only shall be free from the objections hereinbefore set forth, but shall beof such form and construction as to enable it to be cheaply produced, and to be readily and quickly connected with a wire heddle.

My invention consists in the improved lingo which I shall now proceed to describe, and the important and peculiar features of which are particularly pointed out and distinctly defined in the claims at the close of this specification.

In' the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows in elevation a form of lingo constituting one modification of my invention, and part of a wire heddle to which the lingo is attached. Fig. 2 shows the wire of which the lingo of Fig. 1 is made, as it appears before being bent to form the eye. Fig. 3 is a view similar in character to Fig. 2 but taken at a right angle to the latter. Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are views illustrating asecond modification. Figs. 7, 8 and 9 are views illustrating a third modification.

The main portion 1 of the lingo as made by me ordinarily will be, as shown, of uniform diameter. In cross-section it may be cylindrical, square, oval, or flat. I have in the drawings represented lingoes which are cylindrical in cross-section. In Figs. 1, 2 and 3 the end of the wire on which the eye is formed is tapered from the point 2 to the point 3, which latter is in practice usually about half an inch from the corresponding extremity. From point 3 to the end of the wire the latter is of reduced diameter and approximately straight and parallel-sided. As indicated in Figs. 2 and 3, the taper is not uniform entirely around the circumference of the wire, and one part of the wire is left almost straight to the end of the wire, or it may be made perfectly straight, thereby throwing the point of the wire to one side of the longitudinal axis of the latter. See, particularly, Fig. 3, in which a portion of very slight taper is shown on one side of the lingo. The reduced parallel-sided portion at the end of the wire is bent into the form of a small eye 5 through which is passed the twine or wire 4 of the heddle to which the lingo is connected. One object in forming the taper so as to throw the point of the wire to one side of the longitudinal axis of the wire, as shown in Fig. 3, is to enable the extreme point of the wire to be carried around, in forming the eye, so far within the extended lines of the sides of the main portion of the wire as that there shall be no probability of the point in any way becoming engaged with a heddletwine attached to an adjacent lingo. Another object is to enable the point of the wire to be placed in such a position as that it cannot engage and retain the loop or eye which is formed at the lower end of the heddle if such loop or eye slips around under the eye of the lingo. \Vhen the eye is formed and closed it is central with the body of the lingo, as clearly shown.

As will be apparent from Figs. 1, 2, and 3, the portion of the wire which forms the eye is practically of uniform diameter all around the eye.

In Figs. 4, 5 and 6 I show a modification in which the end portion of reduced diameter is formed to one side of the longitudinal axis of the wire, and the taper of Figs. 1 to 3 is omitted, an abrupt shoulder being formed at 6 at one side of the base of the reduced portion. When the reduced portion is bent to form the eye, and the said eye is completely closed, the free end of the wire is carried in so as to be shielded and protected by the said shoulder.

In Figs. 7, 8 and 9 I have shown a modification resembling that which is shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, but having in addition to what is shown in the latter figures a recess 7 in the wire which is entered by the top of the wire when the eye is closed, whereby the said top is sheathed and protected.

A lingo made in accordance with my invention has a perfectly smooth eye which cannot possibly chafe or cut either the twine of the particular heddle to which the lingo is attached, or the twines of the heddles connected with the adjacent lingoes in a loom. The said eye, moreover, in width is far less than the flattened eye-portion of the ordinary lingo, and the tip of the wire may be so disposed, as herein set forth, as to be effectually protected or shielded.

An extremely valuable feature of mylingo is the readiness with which it may be applied to a wire heddle. In practice, in thus applying the lingo, it is necessary only to have the eye of the lingo opened slightly. The loop of a heddle then may be inserted readily into the partly opened eye, after which the said eye may be closed by a slight application of force thereto.

The gist of my invention resides in making the upper portion of the lingo of reduced diameter, and in bending this reduced portion to form a small eye for the reception of the twine or wire of the heddle to which the lingo is attached.

My lingo, in any of the forms illustrated, may be made rapidly and in great quantities by simple operations and simple tools or machines, and therefore may be sold very cheaply.

I claim as my invention- 1. The improved lingo having the upper portion thereof of reduced diameter, and having the reduced portion bent into asmall eye for the reception of the twine or wire of the heddle to which the lingo is attached when in use, substantially as described.

2. The improved lingo having the upper portion thereof of reduced diameter, and having the reduced portion bent into a small eye for the reception of the twine or wire of the heddle to which the lingo is attached when in use, with the point of the portion of the Wire which forms the eye shielded or protected, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE IV. STAFFORD.

Witnesses:

FRED A. WILDE, MABEL E. Tnow.

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