US499065A - Compound locomotive-engine - Google Patents

Description

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NO. 499,065. Patented June 6, 18913.

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GOMPOUND LOGOMGTIVE ENGINE. No. 499,065. v PatentedrJune 6, 1893.

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SAMUEL`M. VAUCLAIN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

COMPOUND LOCOMOTIVE-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 499,065, dated June 6, 1893.

Application filed July 24, 1 8 91 To a/ZZ whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, SAMUEL M. VAUCLAIN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Compound Locomotive-Engines, ot' which the following is a specication.

The object of my invention is to construct a two cylinder compound locomotive engine, which can be run either as a compound engine or as a high pressure engine as the engineer desires. This object I attain in the following manner, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l, is a transverse sectional view through the cylinders and smoke box of a locomotive illustrating my invention. Fig. 2, is a section on the line 1--2, Fig. l, illustrating the alternating valve. Fig. 3, is a section on the line 3-4, Fig. l, illustrating a reducing valve. Fig. t, is a diagram view showing the valves set for compounding; and Fig. 5, is a diagram view showing the valves so set that both cylinders will be high pressure cylinders. Fig. 6, is aview of an ordinary spring actuated reducing valve.

A is the smoke box of the locomotive, B the` high pressure cylinder, and D the low pressure cylinder, one cylinder being mounted on one side of the locomotive and the other on the opposite side of the same. The small cylinder B has a steam inlet passage b and an exhaust passage 1)',61 being the inlet passage for the large cylinder D, and d the exhaust passage for the same. The steam inlet pipe a is connected by a T to the two steam pipes a a2, the steam pipe a being connected directly to the steam inlet b of the cylinder B, while the pipe afgis connected to the reducing valve casing described hereinafter. This casing is connected to the inlet passage d of the large cylinder, so that when the reducing valve is set in the proper position steam will iiow directly into the cylinder D through said valve.

Situated directly above the exhaust passages of each cylinder in the present instance are the exhaust nozzles E, E. I have shown two nozzles, but it will be understood that a combination nozzle may be used if necessary.

Serial No. 400,557. (No model.)

'The exhaust passage d from the cylinder D connects directly with the exhaust nozzle E through the passage e and the steam from the exhaust passage b of the small cylinder B can be either directed at once to the exhaust nozzle or to the inlet d of the cylinder D, by means of an alternating valve F. My invention particularly relates to this alternating valve, and to the reducing valve M.

Referring to Fig. 2, F is the alternating valve casing having a passage f communicating with the exhaust passage b of the small cylinder, and also a passage f communicating with the exhaust nozzle E. The valve has a lining sleeve or bushing G, with three sets of ports g g g2 and to the bushing are adapted the two valves H and H which are connected together by the stem H2 and have an extension h adapted to strike an abutment h so as to limit the forward movement, the rearward movement being limited by the end h2 of the valve casing. Vhen the engine is working as a compound engine, live steam is directed into this end of the valve casing by a valve I, and pipe t', the valve I being a threeway valve, and being located within convenient reach of the engineer. The valves H H are thereby moved to the position shown in Fig. 4:, so that the steam exhausted from the small cylinder B enters the alternating valve F by Way ot' the passagef and passes through the ports g and g2 and thence througha passage f2 and through a cross passage J to the passage m of the reducing valve M, this passage being connected to the inlet d of the large cylinder D, from which the steam is exhausted through the passage e to the nozzle F.. When the valveI is turned so as to open the exhaust however, the valve I'I H is shifted to the position shown in Fig. 5, so that the ports g2 are cut olf from the passage fand the ports g opened thereto. Hence the steam from the passage b passes directly to the exhaust nozzle E through the passage f, ports g g and passage f', the two cylinders working independently and the cylinder D receiving steam from the reducing valve M. This valve is constructed in the following mannerz-The valve casin g has an inlet passage m connected to the steam pipe a2 and an outlet passage m roo above described, connected to the inlet passage d of the cylinder D. N is a valve having a head N adapted to a chamber K the body of the valve being adapted to a lining or bushing Z open at one end to the passage m and having a row of ports n The chamber K communicates with the valveI through a pipe i', so that said valve governs the admission of steam into both the valve casing F and chamber K.

I do not limit myself to the special construction herein shown of the valve I, as it may be modified without departing from my invention, or two or more valves may be used for the purpose.

In the present instance I provide the pipe i with a check valve z2 opening away from the valve I so that while the valve F can be opened to the atmosphere when the steam is cut ott, the chamber K is shut off from the atmosphere when shut off from the steam, and the water of condensation from the entrapped steam will leak past the head N of the valve N to the leakage port t in the casing. When the pressure is reduced, and the check valve K2 closes, the steam thus entrapped in the chamber K will eventually leak past the head N to the leakage port t.

When the engine is compounding, the reducing valve is closed by the pressure of steam in the chamber K, as shown in Fig. 4, the cylinder D receiving steam from the cylinder B, but when steam is cut oft from the pipes z'z", the Valve H will be moved to the position shown in Fig. 5, the space back of the valve being open to the atmosphere, and the valve N will be moved to the position shown in said figure, the steam back of thevalve in the chamber K escaping past the head of the valve and the cylinder D, will then receive steam direct from thesteam main through the passages m',

'm and ports n. As the steam back of the valve N is simply entrapped steam, it gradually condenses, and will leak past the valve as described allowing the valve to move into the chamber, thus, opening communication between the steam main and the cylinder D, the amount of opening, however, being regulated by the pressure in the passage m. It will thus be seen that an engine constructed in accordance with my invention can be set to run either as a two cylinder compound engine or as a high pressure engine with the two cylinders acting independently of each other, the mechanism for transforming the engine from a compound to a high pressure engine being under the control of the engineer, who can readily change the conditions of working by simply shifting the valve I, or the valves used in place of the same.

My invention may be used in connection with double compound engines having two cylinders,one high pressure and one low pressure, on each side of the locomotive, by duplicating the reducing and alternating valves, the object of the invention being to utilize the low pressure cylinder as a high pressure cylinder in connection with the ordinary high pressure cylinder when circumstances demand the exertion of greater power than can be obtained by compounding.

It should be understood that the areas of the body and head of the valve N bear a relation to each other dependent upon the relative areas of the small and large cylinders B and D so that the pressure of steam in the cylinder D when the same is working high pressure, is so reduced as to exert approximately the same force upon the piston in said cylinder as is exerted upon the piston in the smaller cylinder by the steam at full pressure.

If desired, the alternating valve may be operated mechanically instead of by steam pressure by connecting the valve to an operating rod, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2, and a spring actuated or balanced reducing valve can, as shown in Fig. 6, be employed in place of the special form of valve which I have shown.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The combination of the high and low pressure cylinders, the alternating valve whereby the exhaust from the high pressure cylinder may be directed either to the low pressure cylinder or to the escape nozzle, a reducing valve chest communicating at one end with thelive steam passage, and having ports through which it communicates with a passage leading to the low pressure cylinder, a valve adapted to close said ports, and having an enlarged head contained in a chamber of the valve casing, a steam pipe communicating with said chamber and having a check valve opening toward the same, and a steam pipe forming a communication between said chamber and the passage leading to the low pressure cylinder, and likewise having a check Valve opening toward the chamber, substantially as specitied.

2. The combination in a compound engine, of the high and low pressure cylinders, a valve casing, ports g-, g-, g2-, therein, a single pressure actuated valve composed of two pistons H H', connected together whereby the exhaust from the high pressure cylinder may be directed from the port gto the low pressure cylinder through the port g2-, or to the escape nozzle through the port g, with a reducing valve through which live steam may be permitted to pass directly to the low pressure cylinder, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the high and low pressure cylinders, a single pressure actuated alternating valve, whereby steam may be directed from the exhaust of the high pressure cylinder, either to the low pressure cylinder, or to the escape nozzle, a pressure actuated reducing valve through which live steam may pass directly to the low pressure cylinder, said valves located substantially in the IOO same vertical plane Within the smoke box, name to Iohis specification in the presence of passages for admitting steam to the Valve oastwo subscribing Witnesses. ings for operating them, and means substan- 1 tally as described for controlling the flow of SAMUEL M VAULLAIN' 5 steam through said passages, substantially as Witnesses:

shown and described. KENNETH RUsHToN,

In testimony whereof I have signed my J. R. MASSEY.

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