US496750A - schellhammer - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

O. SOHELLHAMMER.

HEATER;

No. 496,750. Patented May 2, 1893..

\ If A? /1 g (No Model.) 2Sheets-Sh eet 2.

O. SOHELLHAMMER.

I HEATER.

No, 496,750. Patented May 2, 1893.

m mm

' suitable shape and proportions.

UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

CHRISTIAN SOHELLHAMMER, OF WARREN, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF TIVO-THIRDS TO ALFRED L. SCHELLHAMMER AND RICHARD EDMONDS & SON, OF SAME PLACE.

HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 496,750, dated IVIay 2, 1893.

Application filed March 24, 1892- Serlal No.426,292. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHRISTIAN SCHELLHAM MER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Warren, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heaters, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to .that class of heaters used for heating currents of air to be conducted to the apartments of houses and more especially to such heaters as are heated by natural gas, and my invention consists in the construction of the parts whereby the heated gases are brought in contact with an extended heater surface and compelled totraverse the same before passing the outlet and said heating surfaces are presented to the air-currents in such manner that the latter can pass directly upward in nearly straight lines, as fully set forth hereinafter and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings,in which- Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a gasburning heater embodying my improvements; Fig. 2 a sectional plan on the line 2-2, Fig. 1; Fig. 3 a sectional elevation of the radiator; Fig. 4 a sectional plan of the radiator.

The casing A of the heater is provided with a top or dome B, having an opening to and cover 13, and is made of sheet metal, brick or in any other suitable manner and of any Within this casing is a smaller casing I, which is contracted to form a shoulder 8, at about the middle of its length the upper contracted portion j being closed at the top and from the larger portion I extends a square tube 50, through the outer casing, the said tube being closed at the outer end by the usual door R, and in an opening in the latter slides an air tube 15, closed at the outer end and open at the inner end and having at one side an air opening 16, so that by pushing in the tube 15, to a greater or less extent the opening 16 is more or less closed thereby regulating the admission of air to the chamber M, within the casing I.

The chamber M is practically the combustion chamber in which is arranged the grate in case the heater is to be heated by coal or the burner in case the heater is to be heated by gas. As shown the construction is adapted for a gas heater'and the burner consists of a U-shaped tube 20, perforated at the top and sides and provided with mixers 22, 22, of the usual construction.

I have found that if the air is supplied 'to the burners of a heater of this character, not at the bottom as usual but at one side a much more perfect and ready combustion is secured especially if the air is distributed in fine streams along the sides of the burner and for this reason I construct the lower part of the chamber M, with two independent chambers y, y, best seen in Fig. 2, to which air is admitted from the outside through pipes F, provided with valves or registers 30, and the inner walls 21, of each chamber 1 are perforated with fine openings through which the air flows sidewise toward the burner 20 thereby securing the results desired.

In the space X between the casingj and the outer casing A is suitably supported a radiator P. Any desirable means of support may be employed but I prefer to use a series of brackets 9, 9, made of angle iron and bolted or otherwise secured to the outside of the casing I, as shown and placing the radiator directly upon these brackets.

The radiator may be made of any suitable construction but I prefer to make it of two concentric cylinders 33, 34, with a chamber between them which is divided by means of a horizontal partition a, so as to form a practically spiral flue o, the said partition'a being either wound spirally round the inner cylinder 33, or extending horizontally around the latter to the point t, and then inclined upward to the next level and then continued around in a horizontal line and so on,as illustrated in Fig. 3. tom of the radiator and through the difierent layers of the partition a, extend the air-tubes O, of any suitable form and the products of combustion pass into the flue v, at the lower end of the same at the bottom of the radiator and then pass around and upward gradually to the top of the radiator and thence pass out of the radiator through a pipe 35, extending outward through the outer casing A.

While it is not necessary I prefer in most Through the top and bot- I instances to so arrange the partition a that the flue '2), shall gradually increase in height or area from the lower toward the upper end, by this means affording an increased size of passage for the gases as they become hotter and expand from the increase of their heat, thus insuring a better draft and preventing any throttling and such deposit of water or soot in the flue as wouldotherwise occur. To prevent a too direct flowing of the heated gases to the flue I prefer to make a dividing flue at the upper portion of the chamber M by means of a vertical partition N, as best shown in Fig. 1.

The relative arrangement of the partition a or spiral flue and the air pipes O is a matter of great importance. Thus, the air passing into the bottom of the chamber inclosed by the casing A, either through openings 10 in the bottom of the casing or through openings 12 at the side, flows upward in contact wlth the casing I, and a portion flows directly through the vertical tubes 0, without any obstruction whatever to the dome while another portion passes upward between the radiator P and the sides of the outer casing and the casing j and the radiator. That portion which passes through the chamber X, outside of the radiator is heated by the outer wall of the radiator which of course is intensely hot in consequence of the contact with the inner side thereof of the heated gases passing through the flue v, while that portion which passes through the chamber X in contact with the inner wall 33, of the radiator is heated thereby and is also heated by the outer face of the casing j. In any case the flow of the air is directly upwardin almost a straight line and is no way throttled while it is heated thoroughly by contact With the hot plates before before referred to. The tubes 0, it will be seen, are placed close together and afford a very extended heating su rface and the hot gases that pass through the flue v, are brought again and again in contact with the different portions of the tubes 0, as they circle round the same in the spiral flue so that a verylarge volume of air is heated in these tubes and passes with the air from the chamber X,into the dome in a highly heated condition.

It is well known that the air that is heated by the combustion of natural gas acquires such a high temperature and becomes so dry that it is objectionable for this reason. To obviate this objection means have heretofore been adopted for charging the air with vapor but generally in such way that only the air in a portion of the heater becomes so charged. To overcome this objection I provide the heater with a pan E to which the water is supplied through a pipe 16 from an outer reservoir G which may be a closed reservoir like a bird fountain, as shown in dotted lines, or an open pan and I place the pan E so that the air can pass below it and around it and in a central position so that the moisture arising from the pan may pass equally to all portions of air in the dome so that every portion of air that flows outward through the pipes 18, is equally charged with moisture.

In order to ignite the gas as soon as it is introduced to the burner at any time I maintain a perpetual flame by means of a pilot burner V which may be of any preferred construction.

Without limiting myself to the precise construction and arrangement of parts shown, I claim as my invention- 1. The combination in a heater of the outer casing A, the inner casing I, j, reduced in diameter at the upper end, a partition N arranged to form a diving flue leading to an outlet S, near the bottom of the casingj, and a radiator arranged within the casing A and communicating at the lower portion with the outlet S, and the upper portion with a pipe 35, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination with the casings of a heater, of an annular radiator having a spiral flue '0 and vertical air pipes 0 extending from the bottom to the top of the radiator, and through said flue, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination with the casings of a heater of a radiator having an inner casing 33 and outer casing 34 and a partition a, arranged to form a spiral flue 'u and vertical air pipes 0, extending through the bottom and top of the radiator and through said partition, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination with the casings of a heater, of a radiator having an outer wall 34., inner wall 33 and a spiral partition a, arranged to form a spiral flue 2;, increasing gradually in height from the lower to the upper end, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination of the radiator having the spiral flue increasing gradually in height from the lower to the upper end, and vertical air pipes 0, extending through said flue, substantially as described.

6. The combination with aheater of a burner and air inlet ports arranged to admit air to the side and top of said burner, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination of the burner 20, the perforated walls 21, 21, and air chambers supplied with air outside of said walls, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination of the burner 20 and side chambers y, y, having perforated walls 21, admitting air to said chambers, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have. signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHRISTIAN SOHELLHAMMER.

Witnesses:

" CHARLES E. FosTER,

.F. L. FREEMAN.

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