US496400A - Method of making pulp from vegetable substances - Google Patents
Method of making pulp from vegetable substances Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US496400A US496400A US496400DA US496400A US 496400 A US496400 A US 496400A US 496400D A US496400D A US 496400DA US 496400 A US496400 A US 496400A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- vegetable substances
- making pulp
- pulp
- pressure
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000007173 Abies balsamea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000014654 Adna Species 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000218685 Tsuga Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C3/00—Pulping cellulose-containing materials
- D21C3/04—Pulping cellulose-containing materials with acids, acid salts or acid anhydrides
- D21C3/16—Pulping cellulose-containing materials with acids, acid salts or acid anhydrides nitrogen oxides; nitric acid nitrates, nitrites
Definitions
- Our invention relates to improvements in the art or inethod of reducing vegetable substances by chemical treatment, and obtaining therefrom cellulose or pulp, which maybe subsequently utilized in the manufacture of paper or for other useful purposes.
- the object of our invention is to furnish an improvement in.methods heretofore in use whereby the operation shall be more quickly and cheaply performed and an improved product be obtained.
- the raw material which we believe to be best adapted for treatment according to our improved method is wood, preferably such as spruce, pine, hemlock, poplar, &c., although other fibers, such as straw, may be used.
- the stock, before being treated, is preferably out up, as in former methods, into small lengths or pieces, and is then submitted in a suitable vessel to the action of a chemical solution.
- the vessel ordinarily known as a digester, either uprightor rotary, may be employed.
- a solution which may be described as an alkaline solution of a nitrate consisting of acaustic alkali, preferably carbonated ash and lime, or caustic soda, nitric acid, and water.
- the preferred proportion of these ingredients is in asolution having a strength of 7 Baum, one fluid ounce of acid to one hundred and fifty fluid ounces of the alkaline solution.
- This solution it will be observed, is much lower in density than the caustic alkaline solution heretofore ordinarily employed.
- the acid may be used 1n greater or less proportion than above stated, but according to our experience the proportion of one hundred and fifty to one will give the best result with the wood stock.
- the chips and solution having been placed in the digester are submitted to steam pressure and heat until the reduction of the ma- 5o terial to cellulose is completed.
- the pressure and temperature employed may vary considerably in practice, but the higher they are the more rapid will be the disintegration; With a pressure of one hundred and ninety'55 to-two hundred pounds and corresponding temperature, we have reduced spruce chips to pure cellulose in one hour; but the same operation might be performed, although not so rapidly, with lower pressure and temperature.
- Straw may be successfully treated in a solution of lower density, say 2 Baum, and with a smaller proportion of acid, say one to three hundred, and it may be thoroughly reduced in four hours time under sixty-five pounds pressure, but more rapidly under a higher pressure and temperature. After the pulp has been thoroughly digested and reduced,
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
ADNA T. DENISON AND HELEN L. PALMER, OF PORTLAND, MAINE.
METHOD OF MAKING PULP FROM VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.
SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatent No. 496,400, dated May 2, 1893.
Application filed October 16, 1890. Renewed December 22, 1891. Again renewed July 5, 1892, and again renewed March 29,
' 1893- Serial No. 468,214. (No specimens.)
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that we, ADNA T. DENISON and HELEN L. PALMER, citizens of the United States, residing at Portland,'in the county of Cumberland and State of Maine, have. invented an Improved Method of Making Pulp from Vegetable Substances, of which the following is a specification.
Our invention relates to improvements in the art or inethod of reducing vegetable substances by chemical treatment, and obtaining therefrom cellulose or pulp, which maybe subsequently utilized in the manufacture of paper or for other useful purposes.
The object of our invention is to furnish an improvement in.methods heretofore in use whereby the operation shall be more quickly and cheaply performed and an improved product be obtained.
The raw material which we believe to be best adapted for treatment according to our improved method is wood, preferably such as spruce, pine, hemlock, poplar, &c., although other fibers, such as straw, may be used. The stock, before being treated, is preferably out up, as in former methods, into small lengths or pieces, and is then submitted in a suitable vessel to the action of a chemical solution. For this purpose the vessel ordinarily known as a digester, either uprightor rotary, may be employed. In the digester the material to be treated is covered with a solution which may be described as an alkaline solution of a nitrate consisting of acaustic alkali, preferably carbonated ash and lime, or caustic soda, nitric acid, and water. The preferred proportion of these ingredients is in asolution having a strength of 7 Baum, one fluid ounce of acid to one hundred and fifty fluid ounces of the alkaline solution. This solution, it will be observed, is much lower in density than the caustic alkaline solution heretofore ordinarily employed. The acid may be used 1n greater or less proportion than above stated, but according to our experience the proportion of one hundred and fifty to one will give the best result with the wood stock. The chips and solution having been placed in the digester, are submitted to steam pressure and heat until the reduction of the ma- 5o terial to cellulose is completed. The pressure and temperature employed may vary considerably in practice, but the higher they are the more rapid will be the disintegration; With a pressure of one hundred and ninety'55 to-two hundred pounds and corresponding temperature, we have reduced spruce chips to pure cellulose in one hour; but the same operation might be performed, although not so rapidly, with lower pressure and temperature.
Straw may be successfully treated in a solution of lower density, say 2 Baum, and with a smaller proportion of acid, say one to three hundred, and it may be thoroughly reduced in four hours time under sixty-five pounds pressure, but more rapidly under a higher pressure and temperature. After the pulp has been thoroughly digested and reduced,
it may be washed and bleached in any well known manner. We prefer the chloride of lime process now commonly employed, in which we find the pulp produced by our improved method bleaches very readily, and with a relatively small amount of chloride of lime. We are of course aware of the so called soda 7 5 and bi-sulphite processes now commonly in use, and make no claim to them.
We claim The process of producing pulp for paper and other purposes from vegetable substances, 8o 7 which consists in subjecting the same to the ao tion of an alkaline solution of a nitrate under heat and pressure substantially as set forth.
In testimony whereof we have hereunto subscribed our names this 3d day of October, A. D. 1890.
ADNA T. DENISON. HELEN L. PALMER.
Witnesses:
JOSHUA S. PALMER, WILLIAM J. KNoWL'roN.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US496400A true US496400A (en) | 1893-05-02 |
Family
ID=2565238
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US496400D Expired - Lifetime US496400A (en) | Method of making pulp from vegetable substances |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US496400A (en) |
-
0
- US US496400D patent/US496400A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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