US494859A - Method of producing lithographic drawings - Google Patents

Description

UNiTno STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANKLIN F. I-IAGGENMULLER, OF NEIV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO EMILINE BISHOP, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

METHOD OF PRODUCING LITHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS.-

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 494,859, dated April 4, 1893.

Application filed January 27, 1892. Serial No. 419,383. (No specimens.)

, To 12:55 whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANKLIN F. HAGGEN- York, have invented a new and Improved Method for Producing Lithographic Drawings, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates to lithography, and its object is to provide a new and improved method for producing in a very simple and rapid manner, lithographic drawings on stones or plates.

According to an old and well known method, a stippl'ed surface has been produced upon a lithographic stone which was subsequently grained (by use of sand). But, in the graining operation, the points of the stipples are abraded too much so that the surface of the stone as a whole is rendered uneven and consequently imperfect for lithographic printing. This is the principle defect which I have remedied by my method, and the chief distinction of the latter from the old method above referred to lies in this, thatI first produce the stippled surface and then transfer an impression of it upon a previously-prepared grained surface. By this and the subsequent operations hereinafter specified I produce a superior printing surface and th us attain superior sheets in the prints taken from it.

In carrying out my method, I take a lithographic stone having a flat smooth surface, andI produce thereon an even stipple,by hand, with lithographic ink. From this stippled surface I now take afull impression by means of lithographic transfer paper, with acid-resisting ink, and this impression is transferred to a stone having a grained surface of the usual character. The next step consists in dusting the grained surface to which the transfor has thus been made with finely-powdered asphaltnm, or some other gum capable of protecting the stipples from effect of the acid which (as the next step) is applied to the surface for etching it, in order that the stipples may be left in slight relief. To state more in detail this part of the operation, I will add that the asphaltum adheres only to the stipples, and all the remaining portion is easily removed by means of a piece of soft cloth, or

stance.

down more or less all the surface save that' portion which the stipple ink protects, the stipples being thus left in slight relief, the stone is washed with turpentine-in the usual way-to remove the ink from the stipples or,

raised points. The next step consists in washing the stippled surface with acetic acid, diluted with water, or with a solution of alum. This is for the purpose of removing grease or fatty matter that adheres to the surface, and which would prevent attainment of success in printing. such matter were not removed, and a drawing be made upon the surface with a lithographic crayon, then, in rolling up with ink, not merely the stipples, but the entire surface would absorb the ink and the device appear black in the print. In other words, the washing with dilute acid restores the stone to its original condition before the stippleink was applied. The stone is now ready to receive the design, which is drawn thereon with a lithographic crayon in the usual way.

For economy of labor, that is to say, to avoid making a drawing with the lithographic crayon, I may extend the above-described method of preparing the drawing surface as follows: The stippled and acid-washed surface is treated with an ink-taking transparent, or translucent, substance of a fatty, or resinous, nature, such as asphaltum, for in- This fatty or resinous substance, being in a liquid state, is poured over the entire surface, and then rolled with a roller so that it is evenly spread, and then the artist, by the use of a scraper, or bone, or pumice stone, scrapes oif or removes, by abrasive action, at different points, as required, more or less of the thickness of the asphaltum coat, and thus leaves the points of the stipples entirely bare and clean at such points, or else thinly covered with the asphaltum, the depth In other words, if,

Now for pictures requiring about eight or ten stones, several are treated with a fatty substance as described, while the rest are treated with the crayon. Those treated with a fatty substance, as above described,contain light colors only, as the bare stipple points do not print and white dots only appear in the impression. Thus, this part is only suited for light color work. The darker colors are treated on the several stones with the crayon in the usual manner.

It will be seen that by this method, the original uniform stipple tint is preserved and consequently a high grade picture can readily be produced. By treating the stone or plate with an acid as above described, I am enabled to make any alterations or changes desired, as the original stipple remains intact and can be treated over and over again for corrections, by first washing out with turpentine and then treating the washed out portion with the acid, so as to be in condition to be acted on by the crayon. rections on the stone treated with the fatty substance can be made by treating the faulty part with the solution of acid above referred to, then drawing on the bare stipples with the crayon.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The herein-described method of producing a lithographic printing surface, which consists in transferring to the grained surface of a stone or plate capable of taking lithographic ink, an impression taken with acid-resisting ink from an ink-stippled surface, then etch- Ohanges or coring the unprotected part of the stone or plate, next removing the ink stipple, and finally treating the stone with an acid substantially as described.

2. The herein-described method of producing a lithographic printing surface consist ing of graining the stone or plate, then forming thereon, by a transfer, an even stipple by means of an acid-resisting ink, then etching the unprotected part of the stone or plate, then removing the ink stipple, and finally treating the stone with an acid, substantially as described.

3. The herein described method for producing lithographic drawings, consisting of first graining the stone or plate, then forming thereon by transfer an even stipple by an acid-resisting ink, then etching the unprotected part of the stone or plate, then removing the ink stipple from the stone, then treating the stone with an acid, and then forming the picture on the points of the stipple with the ordinary lithographic crayon, substantially as described.

4. The herein-described method of preparing a lithographic printing surface and producing a drawing thereon, which consists in the following steps; first, transferring to the grained surface of a lithographic stone, or plate, an impression taken with an acid-resisting ink from an ink-stippled surface; second, covering the stippled surface with as-' phaltum, or its equivalent; third, removing the asphaltum, save such portion as adheres to the stipples; fourth, etching the unprotected part of the stone, or plate; fifth, removing the ink stipple; sixth, washing the surface with an acid, to remove fattymatter; seventh, covering the surface with asphaltum or other ink-taking substance; and eighth, removing the asphaltum coat either wholly or partly, at the required points, according to the toning effect desired, as set forth.

7 FRANKLIN F. HAGGENMULLER.

Witnesses:

THEO. G. 'HOSTER, O. SEDGWICK.