US494805A

US494805A - Earth-grader

Info

Publication number: US494805A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1893-04-04
Anticipated expiration: 1910-04-04

Description

(No Mode.) u5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. ELLIOTT.

EARTH GRADER. No.494`05. PatentedApr.-4,1s9s.

5 She'ets-Sheet 2.

J ELLIOTT.

(No Modem EARTH GRADBB..

Patented Apr. 4, 1893.

5 Shets-Sheet 3. J. ELLIOTT. EARTH GRADER.

(No Model.)

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' 5 Sheets-Sheet 4. J. ELLIOTT. EARTHGRADER.

.(No Monial.)4

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Umd. G

(No Model.) 5 sheetssheen 5.

J; BLLIOIT. BARTH GRADBR,

Patented Apr. 4, 1893.

145027Z my@ lUNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN ELLIOTT, OF LATOUR, MISSOURI.

EARTH-GRADER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters atent No. 494,805, dated April 4, 1893.

Application filed June 6, 1892. Serial No. 435,738. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN ELLIOTT, of Latour, Johnson county, Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Earth-Graders,of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.

My invention relates to machines for excavating earth for grading, ditching, road and railway work, and for other similar and hindred purposes, and the objects of my invention are to produce an earth excavatingand grading machine which shall be simple, strong, durable, and inexpensive in construction, of light draft and also of great power, and which shall be compactly and easily under the control of an attendant or operator. Furthermore, to produce an earth excavator and grader which shall, in addition to the advantages above enumerated, be capable of' easy adjustment so as to cut at any desired depth, and so also as to discharge the excavated earth at any desired point, whether such point be upon a level with the machine, or below or above such level.

A still further obj ect of my invention is to produce an earth excavator and grader which shall be entirely automatic and reliable in its operations, and the discharging conveyor of which shall be readily adjustable so as to accord both with the requirements of the point of delivery of. the excavated earth, and with respect to the tension of its delivering-belt, so as to accord with variations in load and character of materials delivered.

To the above purposes my invention consists in certain peculiar and novel features of construction and arrangement, as hereinafter described and claimed.

In order that my invention may be fully understood, 'l will proceed to describe it with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a plan view of an earth excavating and grading machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section of the same, on the line 3-3 ot Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a rear elevation of the same. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal vertical section ou an enlarged scale of the delivery attachments of the inachine, on the line 5 5 of Fig. l. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of the same also on an enlarged scale, and on the line 6-6 of Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a vertical longitudinal section ofthe same, also on an enlarged scale, and on the line 7-7 of Fig. l. Fig. 8 is a transverse vertical section of the same, also on an enlarged scale, and on the line 8 8 of Fig. 1. Fig. 9 is a detached perspective view also on an enlarged scale, of the fixed portion of rthe tension-mechanism of the delivery belt or apron of t-he machine. Fig. 10 is a detached perspective View, also on an enlarged scale, of the movable tension-bracket for the delivery belt or apron of the machine. Fig. 11 is adetached perspective View, also on an enlarged scale, of the pivotal hangers and shoe of the excavating-trough or scoop. Fig. 12 is a detaehed perspective view, also on an enlarged scale, of the pivotal hanger for one of the carrying-wheels of the machine. Fig. 13 is a veri tical longitudinal section of the machine, also on an enlarged scale, and on the line 13-13 of Fig'. 1. Fig. 14 is a transverse vertical section of the same, also on an enlarged scale, and on the line 14-14 of Fig. 1. Fig. l5 is a detached perspective view of the pivot-bracket for the delivery-frame.

The main framework of the machine is preferably of rectangular form and of skeleton construction, as shown; said frame consist-ing of the pairs of parallel longitudinal beams or bars 1 located at each side of the machine frame, the one above the other, the said pairs of beams constituting the sides of the main frame. At their front ends, these two pairs of beams or bars .1 are. connected together by a horizontal cross bar or beam 2 which forms the front end of the main frame, and the ends of which are interposed between the front vends of the sidebars or beams 1 and bolted thereto, as at 3, or otherwise securely connected thereto. Intermediately ofthe two side bars or beams l, and parallel therewith, are placed two pairs of longitudinal barsor beams e one beam or bar of each pair being located directly abovetheotherand said pairs of beams being located at opposite pointsiroin the transverse middle oi the frame; the front ends of said intermediate bars or beams 4 being bolted to the upper and .lower sides of the front bars orbeams 2, as shown at 5, or otherwise suitably IDO quired passage of the rear end of the scoopor trough, as hereinafter described-and said inner ends are bolted, as at 5, or otherwise securely connected between the :rear ends of..

the intermediate bars 4 of the frame. .,At each end of the main frame of the machine, and at a suitable height above the same, extends a horizontal cross-'beam or bar 6; these two cross beam-s or bars extending parallel with each other transversely of ythe machine-frame, and bei-ng supported upon the upper ends of four vertical standards? which rise from the four corners of the machine frame, as shown; the lower ends of lthestandards `being bolted, as'at 8, `tothe frame, and the upper Aends of said standards being bolted, as `at 9, to the ends of the side 'beams or bars 6. It is to be understood that the main frame of the machine, thus constructed is built prefer'ably of wooden beams, but Vif preferred, said frame may be built of `metal bars, without ydeparting from the essential spirit of'my invention. Upon the cross bars or beams V6 is secured a 'horizontal platform 10, Awhich corresponds approximately, in length and width, with the main frame, vand upon which vthe driver or attendant may stand or be seated, as desired. From the lfront cross ybeam or bar 2-of the machine frame projectforwardly two eye-bolts 1l to which are connected two rods 12; the' said eye-bolts being located toward the right hand -end of the front bar or beam 2, and said-rods 12beingdesigned for vconnection to a suitable doubletree or whililetree by means of which the draft animals are harnessed to the machine.

To the inner sidesiof the two left hand sidebars -1 are bolted, as at 13, orotherwise suitably secured, two metal `guide-straps 14 through which passes the vertical standard 15of the left hand carrying-wheel 16 of the machine; said wheel being journaled upon a stud -or bolt 17 which projects laterally from the lower end of the said standard'l.l To the upper end of this standard 15 is pivotally connected, as `at 18, the front end of the lower arm 19 of an adjusting-lever 20; the arm 19 projecting forwardly at about right angles from the bod y-portion of the lever so that said lever is of approximately L-form. This lever 20 is pivotcd, as at 2l, at the pointof juncture of the lower end of the lever with i-tsarm.

the lever working through a slot 24 which is The inner yends of formed. longitudinally in the corresponding side of the .platform 10. It willthus 'be seen that by throwing the upper part of the lever 2O forward or backward, the corresponding side of the main frame will be correspondingly raised or lowered, respectively.

In the front end-portion of the lower right hand side bar or beam 1 is journaled the outer end of a crank-shaft 25, and this shaft extends horizontally inward through the corresponding ends of the lower intermediate beams 4, as shown, and for a purpose to be hereinafter more fully explained. At points between the right hand side-beam 1 and the adjacent intermediate beam 4, and directly opposite each other `are'itwo :bolts or -their equivalents, lwhich are pivotallyengaged by thefront'endsof two metal lbars'26 whichextend parallel wifthl'eac'h'othe'r between the said slide bars and intermediate bars. Therear -ends-'of these bars 26 are rigidly Vconnected together by a crossbar 27, and into openings 28 which are formed through #said bars 26, about midway of the length o'f the same, are inserted the-'ends of vthespind-le 2901": thecompanion carrying-wheel y30; said wheel being also located between the two

bars

1 and 4 above referred to. 'Throughthe rear ends of the right hand side-bar 1f and of the adjacent intermediate bar14, extends a horizontal rockshaft 28 which reaches across the-rear end of the space inclosed by 4saidside and intermediate bars. Midway-of itslength, this rockshaft 28 is formed with a forwardly extendling-rock-arm 29 the Vfrontoroutereu-d S'Olfof which embraces thecross-bar 27 oft-helarms 26. At its VAou-ter-end-,fthe rock-shaft 28 carries an actuating lever 31 which extends upward to above the icorresponding-f side `of the platform 10, and-theupper part :of which engages a ratchet-segment 32' which is secured to 'the adjacent side of the platform 10. The arrangement is such that by throwing theupper part vof the lever 3l forward or backward, the corresponding side of the main frame will be raised or lowered respectively. Th'eseoperations of the levers 3l and 2O arefor the purpose of regulating the depth of cnt of the scoop or trough of the machine, as hereinafter described.

33 designates the excavating vtrough yor scoop of the machine. This trough or scoop is preferablyof metal, but permissiblyof wood, and is also of approximately fU-form in crosssection; the topl'of the trough-or scoop being left open. This trough or scoop'is of such vlength as to extend from a point in advance of the transverse center of the machine rearward to and beyond the rear end of the main frame of thesame; the said trough or scoop extending obliquely upward and rearward from its front to its rearend, as-shown. The front portion of this scoop or trough is supported bya U-shaped hanger 34; the horizontal lower IOO portion of this extending transverselyacross 'the upper side of the bottom ofthe trough or scoop, near the front end thereof, and vbeing bolted or otherwise securely fastened thereto. The two arms of this bracket extend obliquely upward and forward, and are bolted to the inner sides of the two pairs of intermediate frame-bars 4, as shown at 35. The rear end of this trough or scoop is supported by a rectangular bracket 36 the upper horizontal portion of which is bolted, as at 37 to the under side of the rear cross-bar 6 of the machine frame, and the lowerl horizontal portion of which extends transversely of the under side of the bottom of the trough, near the rear end thereof; this lower portion being bolted or otherwise suitably secured to the trough, and the arms or side portions of the bracket extending vertically downward from the crosspiece (3.

Upon the crank-shaft 25, at a point between the right hand side bar of the main frame and the adjacent right hand intermediate bar 4, is mounted a sprocket-pinion 38 over which runs a sprocket-chain 39; said chain extending rearwardly and running over a second sprocket-wheel 40 which is vmounted upon the hub 4l of the carrying-wheel 30 of the machine. This hub 4l is prolonged outwardly so as to properly carry the sprocket wheel 40, and the said hub turns upon the spindle 29, while the wheel 40 turns with thc hub. The crank-shaft 25 is formed, at a point between the two intermediate frame bars or beams 4, with two crank-

sections

42 and 43, which extend radially opposite from each other, and to which are connected the front ends of two feeder-

bars

44 and 45. These bars carry, at their front ends, suitable bearings 46 which embrace the cross-bars of the crank-

sections

42 and 43, and which are bolted or otherwise suitably secured to the front ends of the feeder-bars. Near its rear end each o f these feeder-bars carries asuitable bearing 47 which is bolted or otherwise suitably secured to the upper side of the feeder-bar, and which bearings embrace two crank-sections 4S and 49 of a crank-shaft 50. This crank-shaft 50 is journaled at its ends in suitable bearings 51 which are bolted or otherwise secured near the rear ends of the upper sides of the intermediate bars 4; said shaft extending horizontally across the space between said intermediato bars. That end of the rear crank-shaft 50 which projects beyond the left hand intermediate bar4 carries a sprocket-wl1eel52 over which extends a sprocket-chain 53 which leads forwardly and passes around asecond sprocket-wheel 54 which is mounted upon the corresponding end of the front crank-shaft 25. Thus it will be seen that as the machine is drawn forward, rotary motion will be imparted through the sprocket-chain 39 to the front crank shaft 25, and thence, through the sprocket-chain 53 to the rear crank-shaft; the crank-

sections

42, and 43, and 48 and 49 revolving si multaneousl y so as to carry the feedarms rearward after their down-strokes and forward after their tip-strokes. The

feedingbars

44 and 45 are either ofwood or of metal,

and each of said bars carries a number of pendent hangers 55, the upper ends of which are bolted, as at 56, to the feed-bars, and which are pendent from said bars. At their lower ends, the hangers 55 carry the shovels or blades 57, which are bolted or otherwise suitably secured to the hangers and which extend transversely within the trough or scoop 33; each of said blades being of a length equal to about one half ot'` the width of the trough or scoop 33, and said blades moving over each other and successively rearwardly near `the bottom of the trough or scoop. This action causes the blades to feed the earth rearward through the trough or scoop, and to discharge such earth through the rear end of said trough or scoop.

To the horizontal lower portion of the front scoop ortrcugh supporting bracket 34 is secured, by any suitable number of bolts as GO, a blade or shoe 59 which extends across the frontend ofthe bottom of the trough or scoop, and the front edge of which is brought to a suitable cutting-edge, as shown.V lt will thus be seen that as the machine is drawn forward, the knife 59 will cut a slice from the earth, and that such slice will pass rearward into the trough or scoop and there be fed by the blades 57, as above described.

6l designatesa gear-pinion which is mounted upon the right hand end of the crank-shaft 25, and the teeth of which engage with the teeth of a similar beveled-gear pinion 62 which is mounted upon the front end of a countershaft 63. This counter-shaft G3 extends longitudinally at the right hand side of the machine-frame and its front end is journaled in a suitable bearing-bracket 64 which is bolted or otherwise suitably secured to the outer side of the right hand side-bars l of the machineframe.

which is secured to the right hand end of the rear cross-bar 2 of the machine-frame; the portion 65 of said bar projecting outward from the frame to receive the bracket 66. At its rear end, the counter-shaft G3 carries a sprocket-wheel 67 over which passes a sprocket-chain 68 which transmits motion to the deliveryxnechanism of the machine, as hereinafterexplained.

To the rear end of the machine-frame is secured a horizontal rearwardly extending pivot-bracket 69, this pivot bracket being of approximately L-form, and having an arm 76 depending at right angles from the outer end of the bracket--as shown, and for a purpose to be presently explained. Theinner end 70 of this bracket rests upon the upper side of rear cross bar 2a near the end of the right hand intermediate bar 4, and is bolted in such position, as at 77. Near its front end,this horizontal bracket 69 is formed integrally with a short pendent arm 7 8 to the lower end of which are integrally united the inner ends of two bracketarms 72 and 75. Midway between its upper and lower ends, the pendent The rear end of this counter-shaft is journaled in a suitable bearing-bracket 6G' IIO length of the latter.

arm 78 is formed, at its front` side witha short integraliv yforwardly projecting arm 71, as` shown. The arm 72 projects horizontally at right angles from the arm 78, and its width projects forwardly from said arm 78; the outer or left hand 4end of the arm 72 bei-ng formed with an upwardlyextendfing portion 73 and the upper end of the latter being formed with lan .outwardly extending horizontal portion 74. The arm 75 projects horizontally rearward parallel with the bracket. 69, and at its outer end said arm 75 is formed with a pendenft'arm 7Ga which extends atright angles from the rear end-of the arm 75.V When the bracket is in position, the short horizontal yarm 71 extends directly beneath the saine bar 2, and is secured to the said bolt 77 ias the arm 70. The arm .72 extends transversely beneath the rear-ends of the lower intermediate bars 4, and its upward extension lies against the outer side of the-left hand intermediate bar 4, and thence outward horizontally beneath the left hand cross bar 2a, to'wfhich it is bolted, as -at 77a, the said arm 72 extending-also horizontally transversely beneath the rear part of the troughor scoop 33.

I will now proceedto describe the delivery mechanism of the machine. The framework of this delivery-mechanism is of 'oblong rectangular .form, and is composed lof two side bars or beams 80 which vare either of wood or metal, as preferred and which are pivotally connected, as at S1 and 82, to the lower ends of they pendent

arms

76 and 76 of the pivotbracket jlust described; the said pivotal 4connections 81 and `82 being near the left hand endl of the frame. To this frame are connected the llower `ends of a supporting-chain 84, the said lower ends of the chain being connected to the side-bars of the deliveryframe by eye-bolts 83 which extend vertically through saidside-bars about midway of the The upper ends of this chain are connected -to the lower end of a chain 84the upper end of which is connected to the rear end of an adjusting-lever 85. This adjusting-lever 85 extends obliquely across the main frame of the machine, from its.. rear right hand corner to its front left hand corner, and said lever is pivoted, as at 86, in the upper end of a standard 87 which is secured vertically upon the rear right hand l cornerof the platformv 10. The front end of the lever 85 yengages one or another of the teeth-of a vertical ratchet-segment 87 which extends upward froln the front left handhand end of the delivery frame will be lowered; the engagement of the lever 85 with the ratchet-segment 87 retaining said lever and the delivery-frame in any desired position of adjustment.

let-*chains 95.

' The left hand ends of the side bars.` 80 ofthe delivery-'frame are connected together rigidly by `a stationary Ycross-piece,

89 While the right hand'or ,outer ends of said .tershaft63 producing, through the sprocketchain 68, rotationof' the shaft 91, Afor a purpose to be hereinafter explained. Between the two side bars 80, `the-shaft 91 carries two sprocket-Wheels 94 over which run ytwo'sprock- The front ends of. the sidebars 80 of this delivcry-fram'eare formed with two longitudinal slots '95LL in whi'c'hfwork the movable `bearing-blocks 96 vof `the outer shaft 97 `of the delivery-mechanism. 'These bearing-blocks are designed to beset toward `or away from the 4outer 'ends :of the 4slots95 .and are retainedin any desired position'of'ad-justment by retaining pins 98 which areinserted vertically .downward` through one or another of a number ot' openings 99 which are formed through the upper sides of the Ysidie-bars80; the said pins entering the .bearing-blocks 96. At points between the side-bars 80, this front shaft 97 carries two sprocket-WheelslOO,'over which run the sprocket-chains-95 before referred to. These .sprocketchains carry a flexible belt 101, which is `of leather, canvas, or other suitable material, and which is provided at intervals with transverse cleats 103. These cleats extend Vacross the outer surface of the belt 101 land are secured thereto by rivets 104, or bolts, or equivalent means, and the extremities of said cleats aresecured to ears .102 which are formed upon the inner sides ofthe links of .the sprocket-chains 95.

Above the side-'bars 80^of the delivery-f rame are mounted two'parallel longitudinal T-bars 106, the left hand or inner ends of which are connected by a stationary 'cross-piece 107 which latter is bolted, at` 1071L or otherwise suitably secured to the cross-piece 89 of the main delivery-frame which is bolted as at 108 to the side bars V80. The right hand or outer ends of the two T- bars 106 are .connected together rigidly above the cross-bar which is secured to side bars 80 by vertically extending bolts 110 by a stationary cross-piece 111, suitable bolts 112 vpassing through the ends of the cross-piece and into the ends ofthe T- pieces, as shown. The under side of the cross-piece 111 is formed with three pendent studs or bolts 113 which are preferably formed integrally with said cross-piece and which extend downward through the cross-piece 90, and upon the externally screw-threaded lower ends of which arescrewed retaining-nuts 114 which abut against the under side of the cross- IIO Lil

piece 90. Midway of its length, the stationary cross-piece 111 is formed on its outer side with a vertical rib 115 in the center of which is formed a socket 116, for a purpose to be hereinafter explained. The outer side of the stationary cross-piece 111 is formed, near its ends with two vertical guide-ribs 115, also for a purpose to be hereinafter explained. From the upper and lower ends of this rib 115 project horizontally outward two guide pins orstuds 117, the purpose of which will also be hereinafter explained. Through the crosspiece 11i, at each side of the middle rib 115, are formed two vertical openings or slots 118 through which pass the two side-belts of the delivery-mechanism, as also hereinafter eX- plained.

119 designates a movable or adjustable cross-piece which is mounted upon the right hand ends of the side-bars 80 of the frame. At its inner side, midway of the length of the same, is formed a vertical recess 120 which receives the middle or guide-rib 115 ot' the cross-piece 111, and through the cross-piece 119, from the outer to the inner side of the same, extends a horizontal channel 121. Through this channel extends an adjustingscrew 122, the inner end of the stem of which enters the socket 11G in the rim 115 of the cross-piece 111. Inthe middle of the crosspiece 119 are formed two horizontal parallel channels 117 which are located the one above the other and which receive the guide-pins 117 of the cross-piece 111. The inner side of the cross-piece 119 is formed with four recesses 123, which are located in pairs at the ends of the cross-piece, and which receive the guideribs 115% before referred to. The two ends of the movable cross-piece 119 are recessed, as at 12-1 and within these recesses are mounted two vertical rollers 125; the ends of the vertical shafts 126 of said rollers being journaled in the upper and lowersides of the ends of said cross-piece. Between the ends of the

cross-piece

107, and 89 at the opposite end of the side bars 80, are mounted two vertical rollers 127 each of which is placed in alignment with one of the outer rollers 125, just described. Around each pair of

rollers

125 and 127, at each side of the frame of the delivery-mechanism, extends a continuous ilexible belt or band 128 of leather, canvas, or other suitable material, the said bands thus extending horizontally at each side of the belt 101, and being provided at intervals with cleats 129, which extend transversely of the outer sides of the belts, and which are secured to said belts by rivets 130 or equivalent means. Itis to be observed that the cleats 129 are placed upon the belts 128 at such intervals that the lower end of each of said cleats engages the front side of the end of one of the cleats 103;, the arrangement being such that as the upper part or strand of the belt 101 moves from the inner to the outer end of the delivery-frame, the engagement of the cleats 103 with the cleats 129 shall cause the inner parts or strands of the side belts 12S to move in the same direction. 1t will thus be seen that the earth discharged at the rear end of the trough or scoop 33 will fall upou'the belt 101, and will be carried by said belt and the belts 12S, to the outer end of the deliveryframe and discharged from said frame.

From the above description it will be seen 4 revoluble power double crank shaft geared to one of the wheels of the frame, a revoluble double crank shaft mounted in the rear end of the frame, atrough or scoop supported longitudinally of the frame, and extending obliquely upward and rearwardly therein, and a pair of parallel bars pivotally supportedy by the crank-shaft sections, and adapted to move successively in the scoop, substantially as described.

2. An earth excavating and grading machine, comprising a suitable horizontally arranged frame-work, a pivoted hanger sup ported within said frame-work and vertically adjustable, a carrying wheel mounted upon the spindle or cross bar of the said hanger, a carrying wheel also supported at the opposite side of the machine, and vertically adjustable thereto, a front power crank-shaft mounted upon the machine frame, and a rear crank-shaft also mounted upon the machine frame, sprocket wheels carried by said shafts, and chains connecting said sprocket wheels, a longitudinal scoop or trough mounted in the machine frame and extending obliquely upwardly and rearwardly therein, and a pair of longitudinally reciprocatory feeder bars connected to the cranks of said shafts and carrying feeder blades working longitudinallyin said trough or scoop, substantiallyV as described.

3. An earth excavating and grading machine, comprising a suitable horizontally arranged frame-work, a pivoted U shaped hanger supported within said frame-work, and a carrying wheel mounted upon the spindle or cross bar of said hanger, and a vertically arranged lever, mounted on the frame-work and engaging a rack bar and having a crank arm at its lower end engaging the cross bar of the hanger, and a carrying wheel at the opposite side of the frame-work mounted vertically adjustable thereto, and a vertically arranged lever, engaging a rack-bar at its upper end and having a crank arm at its lower IOO ' end pivotall-yconnected-Lo a Vertiealbar :Bef curedtothe-oarrying Wheel, substaniially as described.

4. An earth excavating and grading-machine, comprising a vehioleframe having la platform mounted upon its top and 7raifsel above the same, a rack-frame vmounted at each Side of the platform, vertically adjustable carrying-Wheels mounted beneath the ro frame, and pvoted adjusting-levers mounted at eaeh side of the frame andengagingthrough viriterriledare mechanism deseribedftheaxles of said eerryi11g-Wheelsv and also engagin-gthe said rack-frames, substantallyas set forth.

In testimony whereofI affix mfy-siguature-in 15 the presence oftwo Witnesses..L

. JOHN ELLIOTT.- Witnesses:

WILLIAM C. TAYLOR, GEO; S. YOUNG.