US492089A - Bernhard lepsius - Google Patents
Bernhard lepsius Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US492089A US492089A US492089DA US492089A US 492089 A US492089 A US 492089A US 492089D A US492089D A US 492089DA US 492089 A US492089 A US 492089A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tri
- explosive
- lepsius
- bernhard
- picric acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 28
- OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Picric acid Chemical compound OC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 229940114148 picric acid Drugs 0.000 description 22
- 229950002929 trinitrophenol Drugs 0.000 description 22
- SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- ONOWMDPHGJEBAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trinitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N+]([O-])=O ONOWMDPHGJEBAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MVZVDAGWAAZJPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-xylene;1,3-xylene;1,4-xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1C MVZVDAGWAAZJPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DYSXLQBUUOPLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,3-dinitrobenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N+]([O-])=O DYSXLQBUUOPLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHKBMNACOMRIAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dinitrophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N+]([O-])=O MHKBMNACOMRIAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IUOFDOCUNLJHFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-3,4-dinitrophenol Chemical compound CC1=C(O)C=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N+]([O-])=O IUOFDOCUNLJHFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000251734 Torpedo Species 0.000 description 2
- -1 asfor instance Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003292 diminished Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
- C06B21/005—By a process involving melting at least part of the ingredients
Definitions
- this acid In constructing explosives of picric acid, this acid is generally poured in a liquid state into a container (grenade, torpedo, &c.) or stamped into it in a dry condition. Both these methods are dangerous to a-certain extent.
- the binding means which may be employed for this purpose, such are preferable which have a lower melting point. than the picric acid.- They must furthermore, so as not to interfere with the solidity of the charge, not act chemically upon the explosive; they mustnot be bygroscopic; they must not become soft in warm rooms or in hot weather; must. be easily obtained in a pure state, or, if possible, have explosive properties themselves, in order that the explosive strength of thepicric acid may not be diminished too much. These conditions are best fulfilled by tri-nitrotoluol, a perfectly indifferent and harmless substance, easily obtained in a pure state, having a melting point at 82 centigrade.
- the explosives are constructed in the following manner: The mixture of picric acid and five to ten per cent. tri-nitrotoluol is put into corresponding forms or molds, and is heated with or without pressure for a shorttime to a temperature which is above the,
- the tri-nitrotoluol melts and cements the picric acid crystals together, so 'that the mixture forms a solid mass after it has cooled.
- mixture is preferably shaped like acartridge.
- they are covered with a coating of paraifine or similar-substance.
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
PREPARING EXPLOSIVE coMPouNos.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 492,089, dated. February 21, 1893.
Application filed September 29, 1892. Serial No.44'7,318- (No specimens.)
.To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, BERNHARD LEPSIUS, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, and a resident of Griesheim, near Frankfort-on-the Main, Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Explosive Compounds, of which. the following is a specification.
In constructing explosives of picric acid, this acid is generally poured in a liquid state into a container (grenade, torpedo, &c.) or stamped into it in a dry condition. Both these methods are dangerous to a-certain extent.
It would therefore be desirable to shape the explosive outside the container. Among the binding means which may be employed for this purpose, such are preferable which have a lower melting point. than the picric acid.- They must furthermore, so as not to interfere with the solidity of the charge, not act chemically upon the explosive; they mustnot be bygroscopic; they must not become soft in warm rooms or in hot weather; must. be easily obtained in a pure state, or, if possible, have explosive properties themselves, in order that the explosive strength of thepicric acid may not be diminished too much. These conditions are best fulfilled by tri-nitrotoluol, a perfectly indifferent and harmless substance, easily obtained in a pure state, having a melting point at 82 centigrade.
The explosives are constructed in the following manner: The mixture of picric acid and five to ten per cent. tri-nitrotoluol is put into corresponding forms or molds, and is heated with or without pressure for a shorttime to a temperature which is above the,
fusing point of the tri-nitrotoluol, and below that of the picric acid crystals. The tri-nitrotoluol melts and cements the picric acid crystals together, so 'that the mixture forms a solid mass after it has cooled.
The construction of these explosives is perfectly harmless, the explosives themselves being utterly harmless when handled or being transported. The tri-nitrotoluol is itself an explosive, but of less explosive power than the picric acid. Asmall addition will not materially affect the action of the picric acid, but in mining and road construction, as well as for military uses, it is sometimes better-to diminish the explosive power of the picric acid.- I
By a larger' or smaller addition toluol this is easily accomplished.
When used for mining or technically, the
mixture is preferably shaped like acartridge. In order to prevent a dusting 01! at the surface of such cartridges, they are covered with a coating of paraifine or similar-substance.
- In place of tri-nitrotol-uel,-similarnitro-substances may be used which have a melting point below that of picric acid, asfor instance, di-nitrotoluol, di-nitrophenol, di-nitrocresole and tri-nitroc'resole, tri-nitrobenzole, di-nitrw benzofe, nitrated xylole' or naphthaline, 420. What I claim as my invention -i's' The process of forming explosivecompounds in which the picric acid used-for filling projectiles, &c., is put into a solid condi-' tion,.-which consists in heating together in a suitable mold a. mixture of picric acid and an enveloping, explosive agent, such as tri-nitrotoluol, to a point above the'fnsing point of the latter and below that of the former, to avoid fusing the crystals of the acid, then cool- .ing the mixture, thus cementing together the crystalline acid, substantially asdescribed and for the purposes set forth.
In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
BERNHARD LEPSIUS.
Witnesses:
FRANZ HASSLAOHER, FRIEDRICH QUEHLY.
of tri-nitro-'
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US492089A true US492089A (en) | 1893-02-21 |
Family
ID=2560933
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US492089D Expired - Lifetime US492089A (en) | Bernhard lepsius |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US492089A (en) |
-
0
- US US492089D patent/US492089A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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