US489551A - Electrical diaphragm - Google Patents

Electrical diaphragm Download PDF

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Publication number
US489551A
US489551A US489551DA US489551A US 489551 A US489551 A US 489551A US 489551D A US489551D A US 489551DA US 489551 A US489551 A US 489551A
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Prior art keywords
diaphragm
electrical
chromatized
gelatine
fiber
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B13/00—Diaphragms; Spacing elements
    • C25B13/04—Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B13/00—Diaphragms; Spacing elements
    • C25B13/04—Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
    • C25B13/08—Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
    • H01M8/1023—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon, e.g. polyarylenes, polystyrenes or polybutadiene-styrenes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • My invention has for its object to provide an improved diaphragm for electrolytic cells designed to be used in the electrolysis of alkaline haloids and it consists in a diaphragm composed of a sheet or layer of asbestus or other acid resisting fibrous material having its pores filled with bi-chromatized gelatine all as hereinafter set forth and as is more particularly pointed out in the claim which is appended hereto and made a part hereof.
  • Bi-chromatized gelatine alone or when combined with vegetable or other destructible fiber cannot be used for the purposes of a diaphragm because by the action of the chlorine, bromine and the like, the chromium oxide is rapidly converted into chromic acid, which readily destroys the fiber. If bi-chromatized gelatine alone be used its tenacity is notsufticient. If however bi-chromatized gelatine be strengthened by use of a fiber like asbestus a serviceable and very effective diaphragm may be produced. The nature of my improved diaphragm will be readily understood from the following description of the method in which it is made.
  • I dissolve glue or isinglass in the smallest possible quantity of Water and add to the solution a quantity of bi-chromate of potash equal in amount preferably to fifteen or twenty per cent. of the glue employed.
  • the bi-chromate of potash maybe dissolved in a small quantity of Water before adding it to the glue solution.
  • I add the asbestus or other strengthening material either by stirring the fiber into the mass and then forming the mass into sheets or layers or the solution may be brushed or painted onto the ordinary asbestos paper. After the sheet has been formed in either of these Ways it is carefully dried and exposed to strong sun light before using, or the sheet may be passed through a bath of hypo-sulphite of soda or other reducing substance.
  • An electrical diaphragm consisting of a sheet or layer of acid resisting fibrous material and bi-chromatized gelatine, substantially as set forth.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Sanitary Thin Papers (AREA)
  • Toilet Supplies (AREA)

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
CHARLES N. WAITE, OF NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS.
ELECTRICAL DIAPH RAGM.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 489,551, dated January 10, 1893.
Application filed March 16, 1892. Serial No. 425,165. (No specimens.)
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, CHARLES N. WAITE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Newton, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electrical Diaphragms, of which the following is a specification.
My invention has for its object to provide an improved diaphragm for electrolytic cells designed to be used in the electrolysis of alkaline haloids and it consists in a diaphragm composed of a sheet or layer of asbestus or other acid resisting fibrous material having its pores filled with bi-chromatized gelatine all as hereinafter set forth and as is more particularly pointed out in the claim which is appended hereto and made a part hereof.
Bi-chromatized gelatine alone or when combined with vegetable or other destructible fiber cannot be used for the purposes of a diaphragm because by the action of the chlorine, bromine and the like, the chromium oxide is rapidly converted into chromic acid, which readily destroys the fiber. If bi-chromatized gelatine alone be used its tenacity is notsufticient. If however bi-chromatized gelatine be strengthened by use of a fiber like asbestus a serviceable and very effective diaphragm may be produced. The nature of my improved diaphragm will be readily understood from the following description of the method in which it is made. I dissolve glue or isinglass in the smallest possible quantity of Water and add to the solution a quantity of bi-chromate of potash equal in amount preferably to fifteen or twenty per cent. of the glue employed. The bi-chromate of potash maybe dissolved in a small quantity of Water before adding it to the glue solution. After the ingredients are thoroughly mixed I add the asbestus or other strengthening material either by stirring the fiber into the mass and then forming the mass into sheets or layers or the solution may be brushed or painted onto the ordinary asbestos paper. After the sheet has been formed in either of these Ways it is carefully dried and exposed to strong sun light before using, or the sheet may be passed through a bath of hypo-sulphite of soda or other reducing substance. This renders the glue insoluble, binding the strengthening fiber firmly and produces a durable sheet or diaphragm of sufficient tenacity which is very efficient in preventing the diffusion of liquids in the cell while at the same time offering but slight resistance to the passage of the electric current.
What I claim is:-
An electrical diaphragm consisting of a sheet or layer of acid resisting fibrous material and bi-chromatized gelatine, substantially as set forth.
In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.
CHARLES N. WAITE.
Witnesses:
WM. A. MACLEOD, RoEr. WALLACE.
US489551D Electrical diaphragm Expired - Lifetime US489551A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3265536A (en) * 1962-12-11 1966-08-09 American Cyanamid Co Alkali saturated cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol membranes and fuel cell with same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3265536A (en) * 1962-12-11 1966-08-09 American Cyanamid Co Alkali saturated cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol membranes and fuel cell with same

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