US487390A

US487390A - Oscar frxlich

Info

Publication number: US487390A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1892-12-06
Anticipated expiration: 1909-12-06

Description

(No Model.)

0. PRULIGH.

OZONE'TUBB.

No. 487,390. Patent'ed'Deo. e, 1892.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFicE.

OSCAR FRiiLICH, 0F BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO SIEMENS & IIALSKE,

OF SAME PLACE.

OZONE-TUBE.

SPEOIHOATION forming part of Letters Patent Ida 487,390, dated December 6, 1892.

Application filed November 14, 1891- Serlnl No. 411,948. (No model.) Patented in Germany March 25, 1891,1io. 69.666; in France May 26, 1801,1io.218.898i in Belgium May 26, 1891,10. 95,001, and in Italy May 26, 1891, No. 29.781/296.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known thatLOSCAR Fnomon, acitizen of Switzerland, residing at Berlin, Prussia, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ozone-Tubes, (for which Letters Patent were received in France, No. 213,696, dated May 26, 1891; in Belgium, No. 95,001, dated May 26, 1891; in Germany, No. 59,565, dated March 25, 1891, and in Italy, No. 29,7 81/296, dated May 26, 1891;) and ldo hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in tubes or apparatus for ozonizing air and gases, said improvements referring more particularly to a novel disposition of the conducting coatings or surfaces, the character of the dielectric material employed, and the general construction of the apparatus.

Prior to the invention of the improvements herein referred to the dielectric material and ozonizing-chamber were interposed between the conducting coatings or surfaces charged with electricity of opposite sign. By change of the charges in said coatings therewere produced in the ozonizing-chamber electric discharge-currents leading directly from one coating or surface to the'other. In the event of the apparatus being of cylindrical form the disadvantages were increased,- since it was necessary to provide for the internal surf face which was covered or surrounded by the dielectric layers a conducting connection to the outside, thereby augmenting the liability of difficulty from imperfect insulation. To obviate both the charges noted, I locate both the electrical coatings or surfaces on one sideof the dielectrical layer and employ in connection therewith and on the opposite side of said layer a third conducting-body properly insulated-and having no connection with the said coatings or surfaces.

Prior to the invention of the improvements herein referred to the electrical arrangement of such apparatus consisted in .interposiug bet-ween two conducting coatings charged with electricity of opposite sign one or two dielectric layers and the layer of gas to be ozonized. By the change of the charges on the first-named coatings there were produced in the layer of gas electrical discharge-currents leading-directly from the one coating or surface to the other. 'In the event ofthe apparatus being of cylindrical form the dis advantages were increased, since it was necessary to provide for the internal surface, which .was covered or surrounded by the dielectric layer, aconducting connection to the outside, thereby augmenting the liability of difficulty fromimperfect insulation. To obviate the objections noted, I locate both of-the electrical coatings or surfaces on one side of the dielectric layer and employ in connection therewith and on the opposite side of said layer a third conducting-body properly insulated and having no connection with the said coatings or surfaces.

Inthe drawings accompanying this specifr section and plan view, respectively, showing in detail the relative position of the essential parts according to my improvements. Figs. 3 and 4 are a vertical and horizontal sectional detail view, respectively, showing the essential parts illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 modified by being arranged in cylindricalform. Fig. 5 is a vertical elevation, partly in section,

also showing the essential parts arranged in cylindrical form,the insulating-shield and the conducting plates or coatings, however, extendin g longitudinally instead of horizontally, as in the previous two figures. Fig. 6is a horizontal sectional view of the construction disclosed in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view showing the practical construction of 'ozone-tubes according to the present improvements; and Fig. 8 is a horizontal sectional view of the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 7, said section being taken in the plane iudi cated by the dotted line as The relative position of the-several parts and the operation of the same is most clearly set forth by the simple form disclosed in Figs. 1 and 2, in which the dielectric plate 0 has two electrical conducting-coatings a b, sepa rated from each other by an insulating parti tion or shield (1. At the under side of plate c and in a slight degree removed thorefroc':

. cation, Figures l andt' are a longitudinal is the metal plate m, suitably insulated from the plates a h, sothat electric discharges take place from the dielectric plate 0 opposite coating a to the adjacent part of plate m and from tlielatter to the ,plate 0 opposite coating b.

The arrows indicate the direction of circulation of the current of air or gas to be oz0- nized.

In the arrangement disclosed in .the third and fourth figures oi the drawingsthe condnctor m is of' cylindrical form and is concentrically arranged within-the dielectric cylr iuder c, the cylindrical metal coatings a b be ing Separated by the disk shield or guard d. The guardd may be in the form of two flanges extending diametrically from the dielectric cylinder 0 and parallel with the axis of the same, in which event the metal coatings or surfaces a I) assume the form of semicylindrical sections vertically arranged on the cylin der 0 on opposite sides ofthe flanges forming the guard. (See Figs. 5 and 6.)

Heretofore dielectrics have been made almost exclusively of glass or mica. The present improvements contemplate the employment,in addition to the substances mentioned, and particularly for ozone-tubes of large size, all other insulating materials, especially porcelain, earthenware, gelatine, enamel, wood, or paper, (having an insulating material ap plied thereto or incorporated therewith,) papier-mach, celluloid, gntta-percha, caoutchouc, or ebonite. Those materials that are attacked by ozone may be advantageously protected by being coated with parafine, to which wax or other cementitious agent is added. The employment of any of said materials in the manner stated will result in auozonetube of lightness, durability, and efiiciency.

In the practical form of apparatus represented in Figs? and 8 m is a metal tube or cylinder coated with tin or other poor oxidizable metal, and which has secured within it two-metal disks t 25'. Above the disk tandbelow disk'ff-a seriesof holes ffare made in the cylinder. End spaces are formed between the disks :3 t and cylinder closing heads m 712 into which latter tubes 1" r' enter, respectively. Externally on the cylinder m are adjustable rings It 7c, of ebonite or like material, and which have annular grooves or recessesengaging and retaining the cylindrical sections 0 c of dielectric material, metal coatings or plates being applied to the outer surfaces of these sections. The entire structure formed of ebonite rings and sections of dielectric material forms a sleeve tightly fitting around the cylinder 'm, the middle rings k 10' being provided with longitudinal grooves k on their inner surfaces to form channels, through which the two annular spaces between the sleeve and the cylinder can communicate. The fluid to be ozonized passes through ipe r to chamber 1,, from whence it flows 1 rough the holes f into the scribed: 2. In ozone apparatus, the combination,with

sleeve applied thereto to form cameo annular space outside of the cylinder man:-

after flowing down through such space it en ters chamber Z by way of holes f and is finally discharged through piper'. The cen tral space win the cylinder m can be used for the circulation of a cooling agent, as w'at'entor which pipes s and .5 provide for the admission and emission, respectively. The coating a is connected bye wire 2 with one pole of a source of electricity, the coating b being connected bya wire 3 with the other pole of'said source. The electric discharge will be from the coating a to the cohdnctor mend from the latterto conductor b, the same as explained with regard'to the arrangement illustrated in- Figs. l and 2.

. By vertically dividing the rings and sections of the sleeve the lattermay be readily removed orzapplied-without necessitatiugthe disturbance of other parts of, the apparatus,and, fur ther, s i'fiicient of the sleeve may be removed to determine the degree of luminosity in the ozoniziu'g-chamber, and hence the relative effectiveness of the ozonizing operation.

The dielectric layer. may be mounted directly on the cylinder m, in which event the ozonizing-chamher will be between said layer and the sleeve, the latter simply carrying the outer conducting coatings or plates.

I do not restrict myself to the arrangement by which either the fluid or water may be caused to flow'through the. apparatus, as-the particular mode is immaterial. 7

.The construction and position of the sleei'e is such that another may be suhstitutedwhen necessary.

The electric discharge-currents are designated by 4 in the several figures.

I claim I 1. In ozone apparatus, the combination, with a dielectric layer or plate, of independent electrodes located at one side of the same and a metallic body facing both electrodes, located at the opposite side of and at some distance from thedielectric plate, substantially as dea dielectric layer or plate, of independent elec;

trodes located at one-side of thesame and insulated from each other by a guard or shield and a metallic body facing both electrodes, located at the opposite side of; and at some distaucefrom the said layer or plate, substantially as described. I

3. In ozone apparatns, thecombination, with a cylindrical. metallic body, of a removable an ozonizingspace and carrying the conducting-surfaces insulated from'each other, together with a dielectric layer-located in said ozonizing-spaoe, substantially as described.

4. The combination, in ozone apparatus, of a. dielectric layer, independent electrodes at one side of the same, and a metallic body facing both electrodes at the other side thereof, the elements being disposed to present an ozonizi'ng-charnber, and a cooling-compartment' located adjacent to said chamber, sub-r each including an independentelectrode, sub'-' stantially as set forth.-

- 6. The combination,-in ozone apparatus, of

a cylindrical body'm, having perforations f f I an adjacently-arranged sleeve carrying independent electrodes and forming impart the ozonizing-chamber, withthe respective .end

' portions of which the said openings communicate for the circulation of air therethrough, and a'layer of dielectric material interposed between the cylindrical body m and .sleeve,

substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, in ozone apparatus,of"

ring-sections-of insulating material and having opposite recesses, independent electrodes and dielectric layers'seated in said recesses,=

the electrode and layer of one section being insulated from those of the other section, and the cylindrical body m, arranged at the side of'the layers opposite to that occupied by the electrodes, substantially as described.

8. Thecombination, in ozone apparatus, of

'the headed'cylinder m, provided with supply and exhaust pipes, respectively, and perforations ff, inner disks it within the cylinder and inside of the location of the said perforations, said disks having pipes s and s, as described, and a sleeve forming an ozonizingspace, with the respective ends of which said openin gs f f communicate for the circulation of air therethrough, said sleeve comprising rings carrying. independent electrodes, to

gether with layers of dielectric materialinterpose liqfi i een said electrodes and said cylinderg'ea'ch electrode'andits dielectric material being insulated fromthebther electrode and its dielectricdayer,substantially as set forth.

9. In ozone apparatus, the combination, with the' dielectric layer or plate, of independent 7 electr de oc at M ti the Same and ing bogly facing bbth electrodes, lo-

cated at the opposite side of and at some distance fronrs'aid' layer or plate and having a. surface of poorlyoiii'dii r i metal, substan tially as described; r a 10. The combinatibhihozone apparat'h's,'of a dielectric layer or plate having a surface provided with an ozone-resisting preparation, independent electrodes locatdat one side of said layer or plate, and a metallic bodyifacing both electrodes, located at the opposite side of and. at some distance from the dielectric plate, substantially as described. 11. Th, combination, ingzone apparatus, of a dialect" 'c'layer orplate, obhsisting of a-vege-'- table inaterial'having a-isiirface of insulating and ozoneresisting material,,,- independentelectrodes located at one's'ide'of said layer, auda" metallic body facing both electrodes, located at the opposite side of and at some distance from the dielectric plate, substantially as described. v t

In testimony whereof I; have aifixed my signature in presence oNiwo'witnesses.

osoaa FRoLIcH.

Witnesses:

GUSTAV STENZEL, MAX WAGNER,--

Berlin, S. PV.