US48722A - Ventilating apparatus - Google Patents

Description

E. Y. ROBBINS.

Ventilating Apparatus.

Patented July n, 1865.

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UNITED STATES 'PATENT OFFICE.

E. Y. ROBBINS, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

VENTILATING PPARATUS.

Specitication forming part of Letters Patent No. 48.722, dated July 11, 1865.

To all fit-hom it may concern:

Be it known that I, E. Y. ROBBINS, in the city of Cincinnati, county of Hamilton, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and 1mproved Method of Warming and Ventilating Houses, of which the following is afull and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists in eX- cludin g the heated air from the furnace, steampipes, or other1 iron heater from the rooms and using it only for warming a portion or portions of the floor, (or the walls,) made of tile or other non-metallic substance, and in bringing into the rooms for respiration air only warmed to a moderate temperature by passing over a large earthen surface nothighly heated, as iron furnaces and steam-pipes usually are, but only warmed to the temperature of the earths surface in a summers day.

R, Figure' 1, represents a room, Z b 'g'the Hoor.

A represents a com mon iron furnace, stove, or other heater placed below the room or rooms to be warmed. A brick wall or other earthen casing, a",I `ig. 1, is built around the iron heater, at a few inches from it on all sides. The hot air rising from the surface of the iron passes up through the pipe B; but instead of entering through a register into the room, as is the case with other heating apparatuses, it is. thrown into a hot-air chamber, C, four or tive inches deep, (more or less,) immediately beneath the floor. The upper boundary of the hot-air' chamber is on a level with the iioor,-

and forms a portion of the iioor. It may be an enlarged hearth, or it may be a piece of tilework or other non-metallic material in any part of the floor; or, if preferred, the hot-air charnber may be built inthe wall. The hot air, after circulating through this hot-air chamber C, or successively through several hot-air chambers situated in different rooms or in different stories, one above another, descends through the return pipe or Hue D", Fig. 1, to the'bottom of the furnace to be heated, and again rises through the pipe B to take the same course; and so it circulates round and round continuously.

To secure fresh air for ventilation, a second brick wall or casing, b, is built, surrounding the whole structure of the furnace before described, and six or seven inches (more or less) on all sides from the first wall, a". This first wall a becomes warmed through, and its outside affords a large earthen surface for warming fresh air for ventilation. Fresh air from without is brought in through the air-duct e and thrown between these two walls a and b, and, becoming slightly warmed, rises through the iue or pipe d and enters the room through a perforated base-board, B', or through regis ters in the walls or door. Thus I have two distinct and separate air-channels surrounding the furnace, one-the ordinary hot-air channely', immediately around the iron furnace, where the air which circulates through the hot-'air chambers C beneath the floor is heated, (this air not being permitted to enter the rooms,) the other, x, external to this, between the walls or casings a and b, in which the air for ventilation is moderately warmed, and afterward brought into the rooms through d".

In case of warming by a steam or hot-water furnace, I secure the same supply of fresh air from an ca rthen surface by. first incasing the boiler with'bricks, as is usually done, and then building anpther wall or casing at a little distance around this, and passing fresh air between them and carrying it up into the rooms through the pipe or air-duct d.

In cases where a large amount of ventilation is necessary, as in school-houses, churches, 8mo., or in any case where the fresh air does not enter with sufficient rapidity, a small amount of mechanical force, either of water, steam, or horse power should be applied to impel it in more rapidly. f

To prevent soot from being brought into the rooms with the fresh air, especially invcities where bituminous coal is burned, I construct the external mouth of the air-ductfl to open downward, so that the air that enters must first rise. I also make this external mouth or entrance for the air much larger in sectional area than the duct itself, (six or eight times as large, if necessary, or even more,) so that the air, having a large space to enter through, shall enter slowly and have but slight draft to carry the sootupinto the duct. This maybe effected either by placing over the top of the eater rise to enter the duct, wire-gauze ora net-Work ot' cotton or other fabric may be stretched, so that the soot will be caught on the under side of it.

What l claim as my own invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The arrangement for Warming the floor or portions ofthe oor by causing the hot air from 'l he furnace to circulate through a hot-air chamber, C, and return to the bottom ot' the furnace through the return pipe or flue D", substantially as set forth.

2. The construction of the outer fresh-air or warm-air channel, m, Fig. 1, entirely separate and distinct from the inner or hot-air channel y, the air in the latter, heated by contact with thehot surface of the iron, being excluded from the room and only used for carrying heat to the hot-air chamber beneath the floor or in the walls, while the air from the former, w, being warmed entirely by contact with the outer surface of the brick' or earthen wall or casing a, is conducted into the room for respiration.

E. Y. ROBBINS.

W'itnesses:

L. Gr. EINE, vWILLIAM FITCH.

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