US487075A - Steam-boiler - Google Patents

Description

FNM.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1..v

E. J. MOORE. STEAM BOILBR.

No. 487,075'. Patented Nov. 29, 1892.

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4 Sheets-81166154.

(No Mdel.)

E, J. MOORE.

'STEAM 13011.53. l`

'Patented Nov. 29, 1892.-

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDVARD J. MOORE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-Bomen.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 487,07 5, dated November 29, 1892.

Application filed September 26, 1891. Serial No. 406.910. (No model.)

T0 all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD J. MOORE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Steam-Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the construction of an improved sectional steam-boiler having steam and water drums and circulating-tubes.

The object of my invention is to improve the construction of several minor parts of the boiler, as described hereinafter, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which p Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of my improved steam-boiler. Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line 1 2, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3 4, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of one of the header-sections. Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5 6, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of one of the plates adapted to the space between the two sections of a header. Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail of the manifold shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a section on the line 7 8, Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a sectional view illustrating the construction of a cap for inclosing the hand-hole openings. Fig. 10 is a view of a modification illustrating a different construction of steam and water drum, and Figs. 11 and 12 are views of modifications of the header-section.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2, and 3, A is the brickwork of the boiler; B, the combustion-chamber; b, the grate-bars; b', the ash-pit opening, and b2 the Stoke-hole.

D are inclined circulating-tubes connected at their forward ends to the header M and are attached at their rear to the rear header N. These headers are in turn connected to the water drum or drums S, the forward header M being connected to said drum by nipples s and the rear header connected to the drum by tubes s.

Between the drums S, as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 3, are tubes S', connected to manifolds S2, shaped to snugly fit the drums, so that the least possible room is taken up by the drums and tubes. Above this series of drums and tubes are a series of steam drums and tubes, described hereinafter. The deilecting-plate a extends from the front header- M to an arch A', which supports a frame a2, on

which the plate a is mounted, so that the products of combustion will be directed under the arch A to the second combustion-chamber B, in which the majority of the tubes are situated. The two lower rows of tubes in the present instance are within the primary combustion-chamber B, being separated from the other tubes by the plate a. The deiiectingplate a is mounted above the inclined tubes, forming a partition between the combustionchamber B and chamber B2.

It will be noticedin referring to Fig. 1 that the front header is made up of a series of sections m and that there is a space' between each section for the insertion of a cleaningtool. Each section is connected to the adjoining one by nipples c, and the space between each section is filled by a plate C, Fig. 6, which is madein the present instance to fit around the said nipples, being cut out at c'. The plate is also provided with handles c2, into which hooks can be inserted t-o remove the plate when it is required to get at the opening. The deflecting-plate a is so arranged that its upper surface is on a line with the upper edge of the lower section of the front header.. When the plate C is removed, a tool can be inserted to clean the surface of said plate, after which the plate C can again be placed in position, preventing thevproducts of combustion passing through the opening between the sections. The rear header N is constructed similar to the forward header, and is also provided with filling-plates C, so that access may be had to the exterior surface of the tubes. The upper deiiecting-plate a is on a line with the upper surface of the rear header, and between the rear header and the wall of the furnace is a plate d3, in which are holes a4, having caps a5. By turning these caps a tool can be inserted into any one of the holes and the upper surface of the plate a cleaned. v Y

The rear wall of the furnace ispreferably provided with a doorway and door, so that access may be had to the rear header.

Opposite each tube D in the front and rear headers are hand-holes covered by caps of the form shown in Fig. 5, the details of which will be described hereinafter. On removing these caps the interior of the tubes can be readily cleansed.

IOO

The second combustion chamber B is formed by the two deflectingplates a a', while the third combustion-chamber B2 is formed by the deflecting-plate a and the drums, the products of combustion passing from this chamber to the flue B3.

Each section of the frontand rear header is cast, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, having tubeopenings, hand-hole openings, andV nippleopenings, and in order to stilfen the structure internal ribs m are formed on the front and rear faces of the section. I have shownthese ribs in Figs. 4 and 5 VVmerely as straight ribs broken at intervals to allow for the free flow of water; but in Fig. 1l I have shown the ribs diagonal. The form and character of the ribs depend upon the constructionof the boiler.

It will be noticed that the water-drum S is made in the form of a single tube provided with a head` at each end, the head, however, having a hand-hole` Opening and in some cases a manhole-opening, which is:v covered by a suitable capof the construction described hereinafter. This drum can be made of an-y suitable material adapted for the purpose; but I prefer where practicable to make it of aluminium alloy, which is described and claimed in; an application filed by mel of even date herewith.

By making the drums of steam-boiler seamless Iam enabled to make a boiler to with,- stand high pressure and which isnot so liable to burn out as rivetedy boilers, which are weakened by the rivet-holes, and the rivets, moreover, are liable to soften, owing to the thickness of metal: on the rivet-line, andthe boiler can be kept clean, as there are no ledges toI entrap sediment. The tube is expanded near its front end, so as to form an enlargement s2, to which the front header M is, coupled by the nipples s, the rear portion of the drum being also formed to receive the, tubes and the nipple e, which forms a connection between the drum and the steammanifold,de scribed hereinafter. The water-manifolds S2 are preferably cast and are` connected together, as above described, byy tubes S and are similar in construction to the steam-manifold shown in Fig. 1.4 The lower portions of the water-manifold are so shaped that they will be on` the same line as the inclined' upper portion of the front headergso that they can be readily nippled thereto by the` nipples s, as shown clearly in Fig. 2. rlheprodu cts of com.- bustion as they pass over the deflecting-plate a come into contact with these two, drums and tubes. v

I have shown in` Fig. 2 three water-drums arranged in line, separated by two.manifolds and tubes, and arranged above these waterdrums are three steam-drums and one setof tubes and manifold.

Twosteam-druxns I ,I are arranged inline with the tubes J J and the manifold J', and directly above themanifold isa third steamdrum I. These steam drums and manifolds p the drums I I. nected to the drums I by pipes fic', (shown by The nipples connect the manifolds S2 with y The outer drums S are condotted lines in Fig. 3 and full lines in Fig. 1,)

soit-hat steam as it is formed passes up the nipples and tubes to the steam drum and manifolds. The steam-drum I is connected at both ends to both steam-drums I I by pipes t" and to the manifold by nipples i2 and communicates with the steam-supply pipe I2 at its forward end.

It will be seen that the structure above described is what may be termed a built-up structure, having independent drumsand independent sections composed of manifolds and` tubes, so that the boiler can be buil-t up in any desired formand the steam and water space can be increased or diminished,as desired. The form. herein shown need not be adhered to, as in some instances the drums, tubes, and; manifolds may be arranged as shownV in Fig. 10, which illustrates a section on the line`l 2, Fig. l, of the upper portion of the boiler only. In this instance instead of arranging the drums and sections in conical form they are arranged in two rows, The View illustrates the front portion of thedrums` and manifolds. The nipples e, forming communications between the water and. steam dru ms and manifolds, are shown inthe distance, and the steam-drums and manifolds are connected to a single steamreceiver I-3 through passages i3. l

The manifoldsare preferably cast asshown inFigs. 7 and 8 and have tube-Openings at the rear` and nipple-openings and hand-hole openings. These hand-hole openings are in the front plate inl line with the tube-openings and are capped, as shown in Fig. 7. These caps` F, as clearly shown in Fig, 9, are seated to thevground face f and are of such diameter and thickness thatwhen used as caps for the drumy (either water or steam drum).they will yield,l under certain extreme pressures, the pressure forcing the capoif its seat rather than explode the boiler, thus allowing the steam to escape. This cap is held in place, by a perforated plate F', which need not fit its seat snugly. Steam enters the space-f between the plate and cap through the perforations in the plate F. Passing throughYY both the, plate and cap isa bolt F2, having a head on the inside and having a screw-threaded end, to which is adaptedl the boxnutfz. The face of this nut is ground toits seat on the capy F, so that the joint will be perfectly steam-tight. They same,- con.-

struction of cap is found in Fig. r7only on a smaller scale.

In Figs. 4 andr-which illustrate one of the header sections, I have shown elongated openings in thefront plate opposite thetubes The-openings are of such a width that lof IIC

two tubes are accessible through one opening. Thus more room is allowed for working tools in attaching the tubes to the header and in repairing. An elongated cap F3 covers the opening, as shown in said figures, and on the inside is a plate F4 of the same construction as the plate F, Fig. 9. A single central bolt F2 attaches the plate and cap to the header, and the cap is of such thickness and sheet that itwill yield to excessive pressure.

In order that the ends of the drums, as well as the manifolds, may be accessible at all times, I form a partition-wall P directly back of each manifold, as shown in Fig. 1. This partition I preferably make of metal, having suitable openings for the passage of the drums and tubes, and line its face which Ais exposed to the products of combustion with fire-brick or analogous material p. Thus while the circulation through the several tubes and drums is not interrupted, the manifold and drums can be examined at all times by simply opening suitable doors in the front and rear of the furnace.

In order to prevent pitting of the several metal parts that are not made of aluminium or an alloy thereof, I prefer a wash of aluminium and coat the parts exposed, thus preventing to a great degree the corrosion and pitting which is so injurious to steam-boilers. I also wash the small parts of the boiler which are exposed to moisture with the same material for the same purpose.

In order to economize in the manufacture ef boilers ef different widths, I preferably make the pattern for the header-section for a narrow boiler and merely add a section to one or both ends of the header-pattern, as shown in Fig. 12, and perforate the end m2, so that the water will circulate through the addition, the end m2 becoming a stay to strengthen the header.

I claim as my invention l. The combination, in a steam-boiler, of the inclined tubes and front and rear headers with a series of water-drums and a series of Water-tubes in line with the Water-drums, manifolds at each end communicating with the-water-tubes and independent of the water-drums, substantially as described.

2. The combination, in a steam-boiler, of the inclined tubes, the front and rear headers, a series of water-drums separated by a series of water-tubes, and manifolds therefor, said drums and manifolds being connected independently with the front and rear headers, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the inclined tubes, the front and rear headers, a series of waterdrums, a series of Water-tubes, the front and rear manifolds therefor, nipples connecting the drums and manifolds with the front header, and tubes connecting the rear portions of the drums and the rear manifolds to the rear.

header with a steam-receiver mounted above the drums and tubes and connected to the rear portions of the drums and to the rear manifolds, substantially as described.

4. The combination, in a steam-boiler, of the inclined tubes and front and rear headers, the water drums and tubes, manifolds for said tubes, a series of steam-drums mounted above said water drums and tubes, steamtubes and steam-manifolds for said tubes, the steam drums and manifolds being connected at the rear of the boiler with the water-tubes and manifolds, substantially as described.

5. The combination, in a steam-boiler of a type substantially as described, of a series of water-drums, water-tubes, and manifolds, the steam drums and manifolds mounted above the water drums and manifolds, and nipples and pipes connecting the steam drums and manifolds with the water drumsand manifolds at the rear end only, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, in a steam-boiler, of the inclined tubes, the front and rear headers, the three water-drums arranged in line, the two sets of water-tubes, front and rear manifolds for each set,separating the drums, steamdrums mounted directly above the water-manifolds, and steam tubes and manifolds mounted directly above the central water-drum, and a steam-drum mounted above the steam tubes and manifolds and connected with the manifolds and with the two steam-drums, the said two steam-drums and rear manifolds being connected to the water drums and manifolds at the rear of the boiler, substantially as described.

7. The combination, in a steam-boiler, of the inclined tubes, front and rear headers, and the Water and steam drums with front and rear partitions P, arranged back of the nippling of the drums, so that the heads of the drums are exposed for examination at all times, substantially as described.

8. The combination of the inclined tubes, the front andrear headers, the steam-drums and steam-tubes, the water-drums and watertubes, manifolds for the several tubes, partitions P, arranged at the back of each manifold, and linings for said partitions, said partitions having openings for the drums and tubes, substantially as described.

9. The combination, in a steam-boiler, of the inclined tubes, the front and rear sectional headers, spaces between each section of the headers,and nipples securing the sections together with filling-plates adapted to fit in the spaces between the sections, substantially as described.

l0. The combination, in a steam-boiler, of the sectional headers, nipples securing the said sections together and forming a space between each section for the insertion of a cleaning-tool, and filling-plates C, recessed at c for the nipples and provided with handles by which they can be removed, substantially as described.

ll. The combination of the inclined tubes, the front and rear headers, a drum connectedy IOO IIO

QL Y487,075

with the front and rear headers, said headers f being sectional, spaces betweenV each section, and a defleoti'ng-'plate a, extending from the front header, the upper surface of said plate being on a line with one of the spaces and with a filling-plate, whereby on the removal of the filling-plate a tool can 'be introduced to clear the upper surface of the deecting-plate, substantially as described.

l2. A horizontal steam or Water drum for steam-boilers, made of a seamless tube contracted at each end to form heads and IeX- panded atthe coupling-points, substantially as specified.

13. The vcombination of the section of `a steam-boi1er,an opening therein, a cap for said opening, adapted to a ground seat on the outside of said section, a plate on the inside `of the section, and perforations in said plate for1r as setfort'h.

EDWARD J. MooRE.

Witnesses:

HENRY HoWsoN, EUGENE ELTERIOH.

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