US4866820A - Clamping fixture with an approximately U-shaped shackle in a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Clamping fixture with an approximately U-shaped shackle in a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
US4866820A
US4866820A US07/144,305 US14430588A US4866820A US 4866820 A US4866820 A US 4866820A US 14430588 A US14430588 A US 14430588A US 4866820 A US4866820 A US 4866820A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tongue
clamping fixture
shackle
stopper
fixture according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US07/144,305
Inventor
Franz Hassmann
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Lear Corp
Original Assignee
Motors Liquidation Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Motors Liquidation Co filed Critical Motors Liquidation Co
Assigned to GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION, DETROIT, MI. A CORP. OF DE. reassignment GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION, DETROIT, MI. A CORP. OF DE. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: HASSMANN, FRANZ
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US4866820A publication Critical patent/US4866820A/en
Assigned to LEAR CORPORATION reassignment LEAR CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/32—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles convertible for other use
    • B60N2/36—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles convertible for other use into a loading platform
    • B60N2/366—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles convertible for other use into a loading platform characterised by the locking device
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
    • Y10T24/45—Separable-fastener or required component thereof [e.g., projection and cavity to complete interlock]
    • Y10T24/45225—Separable-fastener or required component thereof [e.g., projection and cavity to complete interlock] including member having distinct formations and mating member selectively interlocking therewith
    • Y10T24/45597—Projection member including noninserted spring for engaging and pushing against receiving member

Definitions

  • Adjustable rear seat backrests in motor vehicles must be attached to a body part to prevent them from folding down in the forward direction during braking. This is usually achieved by means of shackles which are attached to a clamping fixture on each wheel case. With the rear seat backrest in the upright position, locking members, which can be released by hand, grip in the rear seat backrest via these shackles. According to the said DE-PS No. 31 40 002, the shackles are screwed to the corresponding pillow block by means of a tongue reaching over them and by screws passing through them.
  • the basic task of the present invention is to design a clamping fixture of the type described in the introduction in that it can be mounted rapidly and in a simple manner.
  • the clamping fixture has a tongue stamped out of a holding surface, behind which the shackle is disposed, simultaneously abutting against the holding surface above and below the tongue, and that in its front wall, the tongue has an aperture in which is seated a stopper which locks the shackle in the tongue.
  • a stopper of trapezoidal cross section made from a resilient plastic also contributes to the good seating of the shackle.
  • the stopper In the upward direction, the stopper abuts against a contact surface that can be of sufficient size if the aperture is bound at the top by an offset portion of the tongue, which offset portion is directed into the aperture perpendicular to the plane of the aperture.
  • the shackle is thus prevented from being torn out in the upward direction in a simple manner.
  • the stopper is held in its end position in a positive-locking manner, without requiring special fastening means requiring the use of a tool if, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the stopper is snapped in the holding surface carrying the tongue.
  • the stopper with its locking members is of a particularly simple design if it has a cover member reaching over the tongue and the free arms, and the cover member reaches with its latching feet into recesses provided in the holding surface.
  • the clamping fixture according to the present invention can be combined in a very simple manner with a buffer serving as a stop for the rear seat backrest in its upright position, if an elastic buffer is disposed on the side of the cover member facing away from the stopper.
  • This buffer can be integrated with the stopper to form a unit component by forming the buffer from a screen glued to the cover member and a resilient hollow body molded onto it.
  • An especially stable shackle can be obtained at a low cost by connecting the two free arms of the shackle above the stopper by means of a cross strut welded to the arms.
  • the present invention may have numerous embodiments. One of them is shown in the drawing and will be described below.
  • One of them is shown in the drawing and will be described below.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective rear view of a rear seat backrest region including the immediately adjacent body parts
  • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the clamping fixture according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a section through the clamping fixture along line 3--3 in FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 4 shows a front view of the shackle of the clamping device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a front view of a pillow block of the clamping fixture according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows a section through the pillow block along line 4--4 in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 1 shows inside a motor vehicle a partial region of a wheel case 1 to which is welded a clamping fixture 2 designed as a stamped plate part in the form of a pillow block.
  • This clamping device 2 holds a U-shaped shackle 3.
  • a rear seat backrest 4 has on its rear side a recess 5 into which the shackle 3 is able to grip with the rear seat backrest 4 in its upright position.
  • a locking member 7 in the recess 5 which can be seen in FIG. 2 locks the rear seat backrest turned into its upright position with the shackle 3 and can be released by means of an operating knob 6.
  • the shackle 3 (FIG. 4) has two free arms 10 and 10b which converge towards one another. The two free arms 10, 10b are joined to a U-shaped portion of the shackle 32 at an angle of 90° as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the components essential for the present invention can be more clearly recognized in FIG. 2.
  • the upper region of the wheel case 1, to which the clamping fixture 2 is welded, can be seen behind the rear seat backrest 4.
  • the clamping fixture has a holding surface 9 pointing toward the said rear seat backrest 4. ⁇ , against which ⁇ A tongue 11 is stamped out of the holding surface 9.
  • the tongue 11 projects from the holding surface 9 towards the rear seat backrest 4.
  • the holding surface has a lower ramp 34 projecting away from the rear seat 4.
  • the stopper 12 is made in one piece with a cover member 14 which has a latching foot 15, 16 on each of its two opposite sides, the latching foot being latched to the holding surface 9, thereby holding the stopper 12 in the position as shown.
  • the rear seat backrest 4 in its upright position as shown lies against the buffer 18.
  • FIG. 3 shows the stopper 12 laterally abuts against the arms 10, 10b of the shackle 3 on the inside. It is also seen that the arms 10, 10b converge toward each other and reach out of the tongue 11 upward and downward.
  • the stopper 12, which consists of a resilient material (typically plastic), is of a trapezoidal shape corresponding to the direction of the arms 10, 10b.
  • the converging arms 10, 10b cause the shackle 3 to be pulled downward by the stopper 12 which is abutting against it on the inside into the tongue 11, as a result of which the shackle is held in the tongue reliably, firmly and without rattle.
  • the shackle 3 is shown as a single part in FIG. 4. Its converging arms 10, 10b are also seen in this Figure. FIG. 4 also shows that the arms 10, 10b are connected by a strut 19 welded to them.
  • FIG. 5 shows a view of the holding surface 9 of the clamping fixture 2.
  • the tongue 11 is stamped out of the holding surface from the viewer's observation plane.
  • the tongue 11 has a trapezoidal shape which becomes narrow in this downward direction, so that the arms 10, 10b are able to laterally abut against the lateral surfaces 20, 21 of the tongue 11 on the inside and are able to hold the stopper 12 there.
  • An aperture 23, into which the stopper 12 can be inserted, is provided in the front wall 22 of the tongue 11 in FIG. 5.
  • a window-like recess 24 is provided in the holding surface 9 below the tongue 11.
  • a matching recess 25 is located above the tongue 11.
  • an especially stable shackle 3 can be obtained at low cost by connecting the two arms 10, 10b with a cross strut 19 welded to the arms 10, 10b.

Abstract

A clamping fixture (2) for a shackle (3) of a rear seat backrest (4) has a tongue (11) projecting from the plane of a holding surface (9), behind which the shackle (3) is pushed. The tongue (11) has an aperture (23) into which a stopper (12), which secures the shackle (3) against coming out of the tongue (11) in the upward direction, is inserted.

Description

The present invention pertains to a clamping fixture with an approximately U-shaped shackle in a motor vehicle, in which the shackle is bent at right angles in the plane of the U and its free arms are held by the clamping fixture. Such a clamping fixture is described in DE-PS No. 31 40 002.
Adjustable rear seat backrests in motor vehicles must be attached to a body part to prevent them from folding down in the forward direction during braking. This is usually achieved by means of shackles which are attached to a clamping fixture on each wheel case. With the rear seat backrest in the upright position, locking members, which can be released by hand, grip in the rear seat backrest via these shackles. According to the said DE-PS No. 31 40 002, the shackles are screwed to the corresponding pillow block by means of a tongue reaching over them and by screws passing through them.
The assembly of the shackles is rather time-consuming because of the screwing. This leads to an overall considerable cost factor, especially since the costs of the screw connection are also to be taken into account.
The basic task of the present invention is to design a clamping fixture of the type described in the introduction in that it can be mounted rapidly and in a simple manner.
This task is accomplished according to the present invention in that the clamping fixture has a tongue stamped out of a holding surface, behind which the shackle is disposed, simultaneously abutting against the holding surface above and below the tongue, and that in its front wall, the tongue has an aperture in which is seated a stopper which locks the shackle in the tongue.
Due to this design according to the present invention, the shackles can be completed fastened to the holding surface and thus to a body part without screws. Mounting can thus be performed very rapidly and without tools. Aside from the fact that mounting costs are saved, material costs are saved and a weight reduction is achieved.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the free arms of the shackle converge toward each other, the tongue becomes narrower in the downward direction, and the stopper laterally abuts against the converging arms. The converging arms cause the shackle to be pulled downward by the stopper abutting against it on the inside into the tongue, as a result of which it is held in it reliably, firmly and without rattle.
A stopper of trapezoidal cross section made from a resilient plastic also contributes to the good seating of the shackle.
In the upward direction, the stopper abuts against a contact surface that can be of sufficient size if the aperture is bound at the top by an offset portion of the tongue, which offset portion is directed into the aperture perpendicular to the plane of the aperture. The shackle is thus prevented from being torn out in the upward direction in a simple manner.
The stopper is held in its end position in a positive-locking manner, without requiring special fastening means requiring the use of a tool if, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the stopper is snapped in the holding surface carrying the tongue.
The stopper with its locking members is of a particularly simple design if it has a cover member reaching over the tongue and the free arms, and the cover member reaches with its latching feet into recesses provided in the holding surface.
The clamping fixture according to the present invention can be combined in a very simple manner with a buffer serving as a stop for the rear seat backrest in its upright position, if an elastic buffer is disposed on the side of the cover member facing away from the stopper.
This buffer can be integrated with the stopper to form a unit component by forming the buffer from a screen glued to the cover member and a resilient hollow body molded onto it.
An especially stable shackle can be obtained at a low cost by connecting the two free arms of the shackle above the stopper by means of a cross strut welded to the arms.
The present invention may have numerous embodiments. One of them is shown in the drawing and will be described below. Here,
FIG. 1 shows a perspective rear view of a rear seat backrest region including the immediately adjacent body parts,
FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the clamping fixture according to the present invention,
FIG. 3 shows a section through the clamping fixture along line 3--3 in FIG. 2,
FIG. 4 shows a front view of the shackle of the clamping device according to the present invention,
FIG. 5 shows a front view of a pillow block of the clamping fixture according to the present invention, and
FIG. 6 shows a section through the pillow block along line 4--4 in FIG. 5.
FIG. 1 shows inside a motor vehicle a partial region of a wheel case 1 to which is welded a clamping fixture 2 designed as a stamped plate part in the form of a pillow block. This clamping device 2 holds a U-shaped shackle 3. A rear seat backrest 4 has on its rear side a recess 5 into which the shackle 3 is able to grip with the rear seat backrest 4 in its upright position. A locking member 7 in the recess 5 which can be seen in FIG. 2 locks the rear seat backrest turned into its upright position with the shackle 3 and can be released by means of an operating knob 6. The shackle 3 (FIG. 4) has two free arms 10 and 10b which converge towards one another. The two free arms 10, 10b are joined to a U-shaped portion of the shackle 32 at an angle of 90° as shown in FIG. 2.
The components essential for the present invention can be more clearly recognized in FIG. 2. The locking member 7, which can be pushed down by means of a bar 8 leading in the upward direction, so that it is disengaged from the shackle 3 U-shaped portion 32 and therefore the rear seat backrest 4 can be turned in the forward direction, as can be seen in the recess 5 of the rear seat backrest 4. The upper region of the wheel case 1, to which the clamping fixture 2 is welded, can be seen behind the rear seat backrest 4. The clamping fixture has a holding surface 9 pointing toward the said rear seat backrest 4. {, against which}A tongue 11 is stamped out of the holding surface 9. The tongue 11 projects from the holding surface 9 towards the rear seat backrest 4. The holding surface has a lower ramp 34 projecting away from the rear seat 4. The holding surface 9 above and below the tongue abuts the shackle 3 {with its} arms 10 and 10b. The arms 10 and 10b are extending in the downward direction, {due to}being bent at right angles from the portion 32. {A}As mentioned previously, the tongue 11, which will be described in even greater detail on the basis of the following Figures, is stamped out of the plane of the holding surface 9 toward the rear seat backrest 4 and secures the shackle 3 in the forward (towards the seat backrest 4) and lateral directions. In the upward direction, the position of the shackle 3 is secured by a stopper 12 which reaches through the tongue 11 from the front and abuts in the upward direction against an offset portion 13 of the tongue 11. The stopper 12 laterally abuts.
The stopper 12 is made in one piece with a cover member 14 which has a latching foot 15, 16 on each of its two opposite sides, the latching foot being latched to the holding surface 9, thereby holding the stopper 12 in the position as shown. A screen 17, which is made in one piece with a buffer 18 from a resilient material and is a resilient hollow body, is glued to the cover member 14. The rear seat backrest 4 in its upright position as shown lies against the buffer 18.
FIG. 3 shows the stopper 12 laterally abuts against the arms 10, 10b of the shackle 3 on the inside. It is also seen that the arms 10, 10b converge toward each other and reach out of the tongue 11 upward and downward. The stopper 12, which consists of a resilient material (typically plastic), is of a trapezoidal shape corresponding to the direction of the arms 10, 10b. The converging arms 10, 10b cause the shackle 3 to be pulled downward by the stopper 12 which is abutting against it on the inside into the tongue 11, as a result of which the shackle is held in the tongue reliably, firmly and without rattle.
The shackle 3 is shown as a single part in FIG. 4. Its converging arms 10, 10b are also seen in this Figure. FIG. 4 also shows that the arms 10, 10b are connected by a strut 19 welded to them.
FIG. 5 shows a view of the holding surface 9 of the clamping fixture 2. In this view, the tongue 11 is stamped out of the holding surface from the viewer's observation plane. Corresponding to the direction of the arms 10, 10b, {it}the tongue 11 has a trapezoidal shape which becomes narrow in this downward direction, so that the arms 10, 10b are able to laterally abut against the lateral surfaces 20, 21 of the tongue 11 on the inside and are able to hold the stopper 12 there. An aperture 23, into which the stopper 12 can be inserted, is provided in the front wall 22 of the tongue 11 in FIG. 5. A window-like recess 24 is provided in the holding surface 9 below the tongue 11. A matching recess 25 is located above the tongue 11. These recesses 24, 25 serve to hold the latching feet 15, 16 of the cover member 14.
FIG. 6 shows an additional illustration of the design of the clamping fixture 2. It is clearly recognized that the tongue 11 projects from the plane of the holding surface 9 of the clamping fixture 2. FIG. 6 also shows the offset portion 13 against which the stopper 12 abuts from the bottom. The offset portion 13 is directed into the aperture perpendicular to the plane of the aperture 23. The contact between the offset portion 13 and the stopper 12 prevents the shackle 3 from being pulled upward.
Additionally, an especially stable shackle 3 can be obtained at low cost by connecting the two arms 10, 10b with a cross strut 19 welded to the arms 10, 10b.

Claims (9)

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. Clamping fixtures with an approximately U-shaped shackle in a motor vehicle, in which the shackle is bent at right angles in the plane of the U and its free arms are hold by the clamping fixture, characterized in that the clamping fixture (2) has a tongue (11) which is stamped out of the plane of a holding surface (9) and behind which the shackle (3) is disposed, simultaneously abutting against the holding surface (9) above and blow the tongue (11), and the tongue (11) comprises in its front wall (22) an aperture (23) in which is seated a stopper (12) which abuts laterally against the free arms and which locks the shackle (3) in the tongue (11).
2. Clamping fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the free arms (10, 10b) of the shackle (3) converge towards each other, the tongue (11) correspondingly narrows towards its lower end.
3. Clamping fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the stopper (12) is trapezoidal in cross section and made of a resilient plastic.
4. Clamping fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the aperture (23) is bounded at the top by an offset portion (13) of the tongue (11), which offset portion (13) is directed into the aperture (23) perpendicularly to the plane of the aperture (23).
5. Clamping fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the stopper (12) is latched in the holding surface (9) which comprises the tongue (11).
6. Clamping fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the stopper (12) has a cover member (14) which overlaps the tongue (11) and the free arms (10, 10b) and which has latching feet (15, 16) engaging in recesses (24, 25) in the holding surface (9).
7. Clamping fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that on the side of the cover member (14) facing away from the stopper (12) is disposed a resilient buffer (18).
8. Clamping fixture according to claim 7, characterized in that the buffer (18) consists of a screen (17) glued onto the cover member (14), and a resilient hollow body moulded integrally with the screen (17).
9. Clamping fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the two free arms (10, 10b) of the shackle (3) are joined together above the stopper (12) by means of a transverse strut (19) which is welded to the arms (10, 10b).
US07/144,305 1987-01-30 1988-01-14 Clamping fixture with an approximately U-shaped shackle in a motor vehicle Expired - Fee Related US4866820A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3702767 1987-01-30
DE19873702767 DE3702767A1 (en) 1987-01-30 1987-01-30 BRACKET WITH AN ABOVE U-SHAPED LOCKING BRACKET IN A MOTOR VEHICLE

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US4866820A true US4866820A (en) 1989-09-19

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1001910C2 (en) * 1995-12-15 1997-06-17 Uniseat B V Vehicle.
US5664839A (en) * 1994-06-14 1997-09-09 Bertrand Faure Equipements S.A. Locking system for a movable element of a seat of an automotive vehicle
US20030230908A1 (en) * 2002-06-18 2003-12-18 Kenichi Nozaki Bracket construction for seat striker
US7396078B2 (en) 2004-02-05 2008-07-08 Wenger Corporation Music posture chair
US20090008981A1 (en) * 2007-07-03 2009-01-08 Lear Corporation Integrated latch assembly
US20110215627A1 (en) * 2008-10-28 2011-09-08 Lear Corporation Seat latch
US20130169021A1 (en) * 2010-09-14 2013-07-04 Shiroki Corporation Locking member of vehicle seat device, vehicle seat device, and seat placement body

Families Citing this family (3)

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JPH0640518Y2 (en) * 1988-01-26 1994-10-26 池田物産株式会社 Rear seat back locking device
IT1241702B (en) * 1990-10-01 1994-01-31 Fiat Auto Spa RECLINABLE BACKREST FOR SEATS, PARTICULARLY REAR CAR SEATS
DE10162022A1 (en) * 2001-12-18 2003-07-03 Opel Adam Ag Bolt for releasably securing vehicle seat backrest to bodywork, formed by bracket sandwiched between front and rear body panels

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US4475763A (en) * 1981-06-11 1984-10-09 Toyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. Rear seat arrangement for motor vehicle and the like
US4636005A (en) * 1984-09-15 1987-01-13 General Motors Corporation Seat back for a motor vehicle rear seat assembly
US4657297A (en) * 1985-04-25 1987-04-14 Mazda Motor Corporation Rear seat apparatus for automobile
US4671570A (en) * 1985-11-20 1987-06-09 Wenger Corporation Stackable adjustable musician's chair
US4742984A (en) * 1984-07-24 1988-05-10 Chrysler Motors Corporation Attaching arrangement for vehicle seat cushion

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US2322656A (en) * 1941-12-09 1943-06-22 United Carr Fastener Corp Snap fastener for trimming and like strips
US3520031A (en) * 1968-12-04 1970-07-14 Illinois Tool Works Spring clip
US4475763A (en) * 1981-06-11 1984-10-09 Toyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. Rear seat arrangement for motor vehicle and the like
US4742984A (en) * 1984-07-24 1988-05-10 Chrysler Motors Corporation Attaching arrangement for vehicle seat cushion
US4636005A (en) * 1984-09-15 1987-01-13 General Motors Corporation Seat back for a motor vehicle rear seat assembly
US4657297A (en) * 1985-04-25 1987-04-14 Mazda Motor Corporation Rear seat apparatus for automobile
US4671570A (en) * 1985-11-20 1987-06-09 Wenger Corporation Stackable adjustable musician's chair

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5664839A (en) * 1994-06-14 1997-09-09 Bertrand Faure Equipements S.A. Locking system for a movable element of a seat of an automotive vehicle
NL1001910C2 (en) * 1995-12-15 1997-06-17 Uniseat B V Vehicle.
EP0779176A1 (en) * 1995-12-15 1997-06-18 Scholte Management B.V. Vehicle rear seat
US20030230908A1 (en) * 2002-06-18 2003-12-18 Kenichi Nozaki Bracket construction for seat striker
US6811199B2 (en) * 2002-06-18 2004-11-02 Suzuki Motor Corporation Bracket construction for seat striker
US7396078B2 (en) 2004-02-05 2008-07-08 Wenger Corporation Music posture chair
US20090008981A1 (en) * 2007-07-03 2009-01-08 Lear Corporation Integrated latch assembly
US7490908B2 (en) * 2007-07-03 2009-02-17 Lear Corporation Integrated latch assembly
US20110215627A1 (en) * 2008-10-28 2011-09-08 Lear Corporation Seat latch
US8608245B2 (en) 2008-10-28 2013-12-17 Lear Corporation Seat latch
US20130169021A1 (en) * 2010-09-14 2013-07-04 Shiroki Corporation Locking member of vehicle seat device, vehicle seat device, and seat placement body

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Publication number Publication date
DE3702767A1 (en) 1988-08-11
DE3702767C2 (en) 1990-01-04

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