US485617A - Incandescent-lamp filament - Google Patents
Incandescent-lamp filament Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US485617A US485617A US485617DA US485617A US 485617 A US485617 A US 485617A US 485617D A US485617D A US 485617DA US 485617 A US485617 A US 485617A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- filament
- incandescent
- dehydrogenizing
- filaments
- lamp filament
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 8
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N HCl Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atoms Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/16—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from products of vegetable origin or derivatives thereof, e.g. from cellulose acetate
Definitions
- the object- I have in view is to produce carbon filaments for incandescent electric 1am ps which shall have good life and which can be made cheaply.
- To accomplish this I form such filaments either round,square, or other shape I in cross-section by squirting through suitable dies, while plastic, hydrocarbons of asphaltic or bituminous character, such as the various bitumens, asphalts, and bituminous-like residues from the distillation of organic matter, such as oils, or from the distillation of mineral oils.
- plastic, hydrocarbons of asphaltic or bituminous character such as the various bitumens, asphalts, and bituminous-like residues from the distillation of organic matter, such as oils, or from the distillation of mineral oils.
- Almost any of the vegetable or mineral oils by distillation are capable of being reduced to the condition of a plastic residue or a solid residue which may be made plastic by the application of heat, so that the material can be given any desired shape.
- the chlorine of the pentachloride of antimony removes a large part of the hydrogen of the hydrocarbon filament, eliminating hydrochloric-acid gas, thus rendering it impossible to melt the filament, although its appearance is not changed.
- Some of the hydrogen of the hydrocarbon is exchanged for chlorine.
- the filaments are carbonized in the usual manner now well known in the art of manufacturing incandescent electric lamps. It is best to dehydrogenize slowly, so that the action is not violent, and this I accomplish by suspending the asphaltic filaments in a glass jar filled with the vapor of the dehydrogenizing material with asupply of the same in a liquid form to keep up an atmosphere of the same.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
THOMAS A. EDISON, OF LLEWELLYN PARK, NEW JERSEY.
lNCANDESCENT-LAMP FILAMENT.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 485,617, dated November 8, 1892.
' Application filed July 1'7, 1888. Renewed April 12, 1892- SerialNo. 428,785. (No specimens.)
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Llewellyn Park, county of Essex, in the State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Methods of Making Carbon Filaments for Incandescent Electric Lamps, (Case No. 788,) of which the following is a specification.
The object- I have in view is to produce carbon filaments for incandescent electric 1am ps which shall have good life and which can be made cheaply. To accomplish this I form such filaments either round,square, or other shape I in cross-section by squirting through suitable dies, while plastic, hydrocarbons of asphaltic or bituminous character, such as the various bitumens, asphalts, and bituminous-like residues from the distillation of organic matter, such as oils, or from the distillation of mineral oils. Almost any of the vegetable or mineral oils by distillation are capable of being reduced to the condition of a plastic residue or a solid residue which may be made plastic by the application of heat, so that the material can be given any desired shape. These residues, however, all contain so much hydrogen that they will not retain their shape when subjected to a carbonizing-heat, and hence it has been found impossible heretofore to produce carbon filaments from materials of this character. I take this material in a plastic condition, which may be produced, as before stated, by heating it slightly, and I then press it through a shaping-die or otherwise form it into a long filament or thread, which is cut. into the desired lengths and bent to any required shape. The second stage of the process is to render the asphaltic filament infusible, so that it. can be carbonized without losing its shape. This I accomplish by acting on the filament with a powerful dehydrogenizing agent, such as pentachloride of antimony. The chlorine of the pentachloride of antimony removes a large part of the hydrogen of the hydrocarbon filament, eliminating hydrochloric-acid gas, thus rendering it impossible to melt the filament, although its appearance is not changed. Some of the hydrogen of the hydrocarbon is exchanged for chlorine. After the dehydrogenizing process the filaments are carbonized in the usual manner now well known in the art of manufacturing incandescent electric lamps. It is best to dehydrogenize slowly, so that the action is not violent, and this I accomplish by suspending the asphaltic filaments in a glass jar filled with the vapor of the dehydrogenizing material with asupply of the same in a liquid form to keep up an atmosphere of the same. I have found pentachloride of antimony and chloride of sulphur to be the best agents; but of course there are many other chlorine com pounds which hold one or more atoms of chlorine very loosely, so that they readily act as dehydrogenizing agents. Those which are not volatile can have the asphaltic filaments immersed in them.
What I claim is 1. The method of making carbon filaments from asphalts or hydrocarbon residues, which consists in dehydrogenizing said material and after dehydrogenizing the material carbonizing the filaments, substantially as described.
2. The method of making carbon filaments, consisting in forming the filament from plastic asphaltic hydrocarbon residues, then dehydrogenizing the filament to the point where it can be carbonized without melting, and then carbonizing such filament, substantially as set forth.
3. The method of making carbon filaments, consisting in forming the filament from plastic asphaltic hydrocarbon residues, then dohydrogenizing the filament by chemical action to the point where it can be carbonized without melting, and then carbonizing the filament, substantially as set forth.
4. The method of making carbon filaments, consisting in forming the filament from plastic asphaltic hydrocarbon residues, then dehydrogenizing the filament by immersion in a chlorine compound, and. then carbonizing the filament, substantially as set forth. 7
This specification signed and witnessed this 14th day of July, 1888.
THOS. A. EDISON.
Witn esses WILLIAM PELZER, A. W. KIDDER.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US485617A true US485617A (en) | 1892-11-08 |
Family
ID=2554466
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US485617D Expired - Lifetime US485617A (en) | Incandescent-lamp filament |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US485617A (en) |
-
0
- US US485617D patent/US485617A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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