US481563A - Calendar - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) l s AAs'hems-sheet 1.

C. N. HOYT.

CALENDAR.

No. 481,563. Patentd 1111,30, 1892.

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C. N. HOYT. GALBNDAR.

yNo, 481,563. Patented Aug. 80,1892.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-.Sheet 3. C. N. HOYT.

CALENDAR. Y No. 481,563. Patented Aug. 30,A 1892.

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Wf/ *Ut/"7 .,lttorney. v

TN: wams PETERS po., marcar-mo., wAsmMzrnN, n, c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES N. HOYT, OF BROOKLYN, NEWv YORK.

CALENDAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 481,563, dated August 30, 1892.

Application filed January 27, 1892. Serial No. 419.434. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern:

.Be it known that I, CHARLES N. l-IoYT, a citizen ot the United States, and a resident of Brooklyn, Kings county, New York, have invented certain Improvements in Calendars, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the class of calendars comprising each a monthly calendar and a calendar for the year or a series of years combined therewith; and the essential feature of the calendar is the arrangement between or with the rows of conspicuous numerals which designate the days of the month on the monthly calendar of alternating rows of time divisions-that is, days, month, or years, one l or more-these time divisions being designated by names or numerals and printed in much less conspicuous characters -than the characters of the monthly calendar. Thus the calendar when placed at a little distance from the eye will present clearly the matter forming the common monthly calendar without liability of confusion with the interlined matter, While the latter enables the user to readily ascertain on what day of the week will fall any given day of the month in a given year.

My invention will be fully described hereinafter, and its novel features Vcarefully defined in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated several forms of calendars embodying my invention.

Figures 1, 2, and 3 are different forms of combined monthly and century calendars. Fig. 4 illustrates a simpler form of the calendar combining a monthly and biennial calendar. Fig. 5 is a combined monthly and century calendar in which the years or the numerals designating them are arranged in numerical order, so as to be readily found.

In all of the calendars illustrated the monthly calendar is that of January, 1892; but the principle is the same for any month of any year.

Referring tirst to Fig. 1, at the top is printed, in conspicuous characters, January, 1892, and below this, in conspicuous type and in a horizontal row, the names of the seven days of the week Suu, Mon., Tue.,7 dac. Below eachname of a week-day of this row are the numbers of the days of the month it falls on, arranged in vertical columns divided by ruled lines. Under Sun. we find, for example, the numerals 3, 10, 17, 24., and 31. These numbers of the days of the month read from left to right,being arranged in horizontal rows, and the numerals are large and conspicuous. For brevity I will call these conspicuous day-of-the-month numerals (which are common to most calendars) the D. O. M. numerals.

Vhat I have so far described constitutes the ordinary monthly calendar. On the face of such a calendar I print cross-rows a of time divisions, which alternate with the rows of D. O. M. numerals and are usually parallel therewith. Thus the time divisions in each row a will be divided into groups, each group being in one of the vertical columns of D. O. M. numerals, and each group in Fig. 1 consists ot' the name of a day of the week and one or more year numbers. For example, in the first group to the left of the second row a of time divisions, over the D. O. M. numeral 3, we iind 1820, Mon., 1826. At the extreme lower part of the calendar in Fig. 1 is a horizontal row b of time divisions, which are also divided into groups in the same manner as those in the rows a.. The groups in the row b are index groups and contain each the name of a day of the week and one or more names of months. For example, on the left under the iirst column of the D. O. IWI. numerals the group in row h is Tue., Jan., Oct.

Provision is made for the current year 1892 of the calendar in a manner to be hereinafter described; but for any other year of the century the day of the month on which any day of any other year of the century will fallmay be readily ascertained as follows: Seek the desired month in the index groups of row b at the bottom of the calendar and note the week-day in the same group. Then seek the year again in the groups of the rows a, and when found in the same vertical column find the week-day previously noted in the index group of row l). Then use the week-days in that cross-row a in lieu of the row of weekdays at the top of the calendar. For example, suppose we wish to find on what day fell August 1, 1826. Turning to the index group of row b, under the third column from the left, we find the desired month Aug., and

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note that in the same group is the week-day ThuJ We find the year 1826 in the second row a and Afirst vertical column. at the left. Following down this column we find Thu., the week-day noted, in the iifth row a. Now by mentally substituting the weekdays as arranged in this iifth row a, for those at the head of the monthly calendar we find that in the month of August, 1826, Tuesday was the 1st, 8th, 15th, 22d, and 29th, Thursday the 3d, 10th, 17th, 24th, and 31st, and so on.

For the current year of the calendar I have arranged the matter differently.

endar are auxiliary columns c c, at the head of each of which is printed the year number 1892, and opposite the respective cross-rows a are printed, in one or the other of the columns c, the names of the months in the year. All of the names of the months might as well be printed in one column c and the other column c be omit-ted; but for the purpose of attainlng symmetryI prefer the arrangemen t shown. For any month in the year 1892 it is only neoessary to mentally substitute for the cross-row of week-days at the top of the monthly calendar the cross-row of Week-days found in the groups of the row a opposite to the desired month. For example, if we wish to know the arrangement of days of the month of May, 1892, we find May in the left-hand column c and mentally substitute the days in the opposlte row a-viz., p Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday, Mondayfor those in the row at the head of the monthly calendar. We find that in May, 1892, Sunday will be the lst, 8th,15th, 22d, and 29th. The leap-years of the century are printed 1n the rows a in darker-faced type than the other years, and for a leap-year if the month sought be January or February the Jam and Feb in the row Z7, which are printed 1n dark-faced type, should be used. The names of these two months will be found repeated in the row b. For practical use the leap-years and leap-year months may be prlnted in different colored ink.

The monthly calendar illustrated in Fig. 2 is the .same as that seen in Fig. 1, but there 1s a slight variation in the other matter. In order to leave room in the alternating crossrows a for the full name of the week-day, the number of the years of the century are grouped together, either at the top or bottom of the columns of conspicuous D. O.M. numerals in the blank spaces of the monthly calendar. Therefore the groups in the rows a. contain only the names of days. The row b of index groups is omitted. At the left, in column c, are the names of the months opposite the respective rows a., and at the right is a column 4 d, containing, also, the names of the months opposite the respective rows a.

I will give an illustration which will explain how to find any desired date of the century. Suppose we wish to find, as before, on

At the left-, hand and right-hand ends of the monthly cal-4 what day August 1, 1826, fell. 1826 in the year groups.

Seel; the year It willbe'found in the group at the foot of the last column to the right. Follow up-this column to the crossrow a opposite to the month Aug. in column d. The day Tuesday appears in the row a opposite the month Aug and inthe same column with the year 1826. This is that months first day. Now if we look down the column containing 1 of the 1). O. M. numerals until we come to the cross-row a, in which the name Tuesday appears, we may. mentally substitute this row d for the row` of week-days at the top of the monthly calendar, as explained with reference to Fig. "1. If the year sought be a leapyear use the column c at the left in place of the column d. The column c is also used, as before explained in reference to Fig.` 1, for ascertaining a date in 1892.

The monthly calendar illustrated in Fig. 3 is the same as those already described; but the other matter varies slightly. The year numerals of the century are grouped in the blank spaces of the monthly calendar, as in Fig. 2, and the columns c c at the right and left are used for the year 1892 in the same manner as in the calendar of Fig. 1. The groups in the alternating cross-rowsa contain the names of months and days, as Tue., Jan., Oct The cross-row b of Fig. 1 is not used.

I will explain by an illustration how we may find on what day any date of the century falls, and we will suppose, as before, that the date sought is August 1, 1826. Seek the year 1826 in the year groups. It will be found in the group at the head of the first column at the left.l Follow down this column until the month Aug is found in a group of one of the alternately-arranged rows a of time divisions. It will be found in the fth row from the top. Mentally substitute the arrangement of days in this row for that of the monthly calendar and we iind that in August, 1826, the. 1st, 8th, 15th, 22d, and 29th fell on Tuesday.

The monthly calendar illustrated in Fig. 4 is the same as those before described. This is merely a biennial calendar for the` years 1892 and 1893, and the alternating cross-rows a contain only the names of days. The column c at the left is for 1892, and contains the names of the months arranged as in the calendars before described. The column cat the right is for 1893, and has the names of the months arranged opposite the respective rows a. For example, if we wish to know the arrangement of the days in October, 1893, We find Oct. in the column c and mentally substitute the opposite row dof days for those of the monthly calendar. Thus the 1st, 8th,

15th, 22d, and 29th of October, 1893, will fall ou Sunday.

The monthly calendar of Fig. 5 is the same as those before described, and the other matter differs from that in Fig. 3 only in the ar- IOO IIO

rangement of the year numbers of the century in regular order in the successive groups,

so that the desired year may be found with" less difficulty. To permit of this arrangement, however, each year number is provided with an index number, as 1801-3, in which 3 is the index-number for that year. To illustrate the use of this calendar, suppose we take the same month and year as before. We Wish to ascertain on what day August 1, 1826, will fall. In the group at the head of the third column of D. O. M. numerals we find 1826-7. Take the column of D.- O. M. numerals of the monthly calendar in which the numeral 7 is found-that is, the fifth from the left. Seek the month Aug in the groups of the rows a in this column. It will be foundin the fth rowafrom the top. This iifth row a contains the arrangement of days to be used in lieu of that at the head of the monthly calendar, and by this We iind, as before, that in the month of August, 18.26, the lst, 8th, 15th, 22d, and 29th fell on Tuesday.

It will be seen that the several calendars illustrated differ only in detail and not in principle. Each has an ordinary monthly calendar printed in conspicuous characters and adapted for the ordinary purposes of such a calendar. Each has, also, the same simple arrangement for ascertaining on what day any date of the current calendar year will fall.V

Each has, also, a provision for ascertaining on what day any date of the current year and other years will fall, this provision comprising cross-rows a of time divisions, as years, months, days, which alternate With the crossrows of D. O. M. numerals of the monthly calendar and are less conspicuous than the latter.

Having thus described my invention, I claiml. A monthly calendar having the numbers of the days of the month in conspicuous numerals arranged in seven columns and forming cross-rows reading from left to Tight and having, also, cross-rows a of time divisions in less-conspicuous characters extending across the calendar and alternating with the rows of conspicuous numerals of the monthly calendar, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

and having, also, a column c, containing the number of the current year of the calendar, and the names of the months arranged oppo.- site the respective rows c, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. A monthly calendar consisting of the naines of the current month and year, the names of the days of the week arranged in a row, and the numbers of the days of the month in conspicuous numerals arranged in columns and forming cross rows, as set forth, said monthly calendar having cross-rows a alternatingwith the rows of day-of-the-inonth numerals ofthe calendar and consistingof groups, each comprising the name of a Week-day and the name of one or more months, and having, also, printed in the blank spaces of the calendarthe numbers of the years of the century arranged in groups, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. A monthly calendar consisting of the names of the current month and year, the names of the days of the week arranged in a row, and the numbers of the days of the month in conspicuous numerals arranged in vertical columns and forming cross-rows, as set forth, said calendar having rows a alternatingwith the rows of conspicuous numerals of the monthly calendar, the rows abeing composed of groups comprising each the name of a day of the week and the name of a month, and having, also, printed in the blank spaces of the monthly calendar the numbers of the years of the century arranged in their proper order and each having an index-number, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In witnessA whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHAS. N. I-IOYT.

"Witnesses:

JOSEPH A. GALLAGHER, SAMUEL J. COMFORT.

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