US4814403A - Oligomer compositions of polyaryloxypyridines with acetylenic end groups, their manufacture and lattices obtained by thermal polymerization thereof - Google Patents
Oligomer compositions of polyaryloxypyridines with acetylenic end groups, their manufacture and lattices obtained by thermal polymerization thereof Download PDFInfo
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- US4814403A US4814403A US07/105,745 US10574587A US4814403A US 4814403 A US4814403 A US 4814403A US 10574587 A US10574587 A US 10574587A US 4814403 A US4814403 A US 4814403A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/62—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D213/63—One oxygen atom
- C07D213/64—One oxygen atom attached in position 2 or 6
- C07D213/643—2-Phenoxypyridines; Derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic System
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
- C07F7/081—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te
- C07F7/0812—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te comprising a heterocyclic ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
- C08G65/38—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols
- C08G65/40—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols from phenols (I) and other compounds (II), e.g. OH-Ar-OH + X-Ar-X, where X is halogen atom, i.e. leaving group
- C08G65/4006—(I) or (II) containing elements other than carbon, oxygen, hydrogen or halogen as leaving group (X)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
- C08G65/48—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2650/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2650/28—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule characterised by the polymer type
- C08G2650/46—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule characterised by the polymer type containing halogen
- C08G2650/48—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule characterised by the polymer type containing halogen containing fluorine, e.g. perfluropolyethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2650/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2650/28—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule characterised by the polymer type
- C08G2650/60—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule characterised by the polymer type containing acetylenic group
Definitions
- the present invention relates to new oligomer compositions of polyaryloxypyridine having acetylenic functional end groups. It also concerns the thermal polymerization of these compositions and cross-linked lattices of polyaryloxypyridine formed during the polyaddition of ethynyl groups.
- compositions comprising essentially polyaryloxypyridine with acetylenic end groups according to the invention, may be used as binders for manufacturing composite materials such as adhesives, coating varnishes and other raw materials for molded articles and cellular materials.
- thermostable thermosetting polymers by addition reactions which do not produce volatile compounds during their progress are of high interest for manufacturing dense, homogeneous materials of low porosity.
- polyaddition of acetylenic groups have already been used for cross-linking easily melted and soluble monomers or oligomers.
- these reactions take place by mere heating of the reactants with formation of dense and cross-linked systems.
- thermosetting resins involving oligomers with acetylenic end groups are their melting or softening temperature which is mostly higher than the temperature at which polymerization of acetylenic groups takes place.
- the polymerization of these groups begins at relatively low temperature, generally lower than 200° C.
- Techniques of thermal analysis, differential calorimetry analysis and thermomechanical analysis show that the polymerization thermal threshold is often in the range from 120° C. to 180° C. In these conditions, it is preferable, for controlling the polymerization process, to use compositions having a melting or softening temperature substantially lower than the temperature prevailing at the beginning of the polymerization.
- Aromatic polyethers particularly those whose aromatic rings are interconnected through oxygen atoms in meta position, are known as having rather low melting temperatures since some of them are used as thermostable fluids. But the formation of ether bonds between aromatic carbon rings involved condensation reactions occurring at high temperature which requires the presence of catalytic systems essentially comprising copper.
- Halogen atoms in ortho or para position from a heterocyclic nitrogen atom are known as being much more reactive than those fixed on the carbon atoms of a carbon ring.
- pyridine has the advantage of being industrially available. Accordingly, its derivatives with halogen on positions 2 and 4 or 2 and 6 constitute convenient raw materials for synthesizing oligomers of aromatic-heterocyclic polyethers.
- One of the objects of the invention is to provide new compositions containing acetylenic groups, characterized by a relatively short gelation time at a temperature preferably lower than 250° C., under easier working conditions than with the resins of the prior art and giving finished products having good thermal and mechanical properties.
- the present invention more particularly concerns the synthesis of new oligomer compositions of polyaryloxypyridine having acetylenic end groups.
- the polyaryloxypyridine resins with acetylenic end groups according to the invention have the exceptional advantage of being formed of polyaryloxypyridine whose melting or softening temperature is always lower than 200° C.
- the polyaryloxypyridine oligomers according to the invention have highly remarkable properties of fusibility, solubility and flexibility.
- Another object of the invention relates to the cross-linked products obtained during the reactions of polyaddition of acetylenic end groups, i.e the lattices formed during the thermal polymerization of these groups. These lattices are characterized by a very high thermal stability and a high resistance to oxidation.
- the invention is more particularly concerned with oligomer compositions of polyaryloxypyridine with acetylenic end groups which comply with the general formula: ##STR1##
- radical Ar is a divalent carbocyclic or heterocyclic aromatic radical, the two valences of which are on separate carbon atoms.
- Radical Ar may be formed of one or more rings which are either fused or interconnected, each ring being formed preferably of 5-7 atoms, a part of which may be oxygen, sulfur and/or nitrogen atoms.
- radical Ar comprises several interconnected rings
- the linking elements are for example the single bond or one of the following atoms or groups: --O--; --S--; --SO--; --SO 2 --; --CH 2 --; --C(CH 3 ) 2 --; --CO--; --CHOH--; --COO--; --CONH--; --Si(CH 3 ) 2 --; --Si(CH 3 ) 2 --O--Si(CH 3 ) 2 --.
- the linking elements may also be partially or completely fluorinated hydrocarbon divalent radicals of the aliphatic, arylaliphatic or cycloaliphatic type, preferably containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- n is a number indicating the average polycondensation degree. It may for example range from 1 to 50. Number n is not always directly accessible, but its average value is deduced from the respective molar proportions of the reactants used to prepare the polyaryloxypyridine oligomer compositions.
- the general method of synthesizing the composition of general formula (1) involves ethynylating an oligomer composition of polyaryloxypyridine having halogenated end groups which may be represented by general formula: ##STR2## with compounds carrying an acetylene group, of general formulas: ##STR3##
- X is a halogen atom, preferably bromine or chlorine
- Ar has the same meaning as above
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon monovalent remainders having 1 to 13 carbon atoms. More particularly convenient groups are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, vinyl, isopropenyl, phenyl or tolyl groups.
- the oligomer compositions of polyaryloxypyridine with halogenated end groups of general formula (2) may be prepared by reacting a 2,6-dihalogenopyridine or a 2,4-dihalogenopyridine of formulas: ##STR4## with an amount, in defect with respect to the molecular stoichiometry, of at least one diphenolate of general formula:
- X and Ar have the above-mentioned meaning and M is an atom of alkali metal, preferably sodium or potassium.
- diphenols are for example: 1,2-dihydroxybenzene, 1,3-dihydroxybenzene, 1,4-dihydroxybenzene, dihydroxytoluenes, dihydroxyxylenes, dihydroxynaphthalenes, 2,2'-dihydroxybiphenyl, 3,3'-dihydroxybiphenyl, 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, bis(3-hydroxyphenyl)methane, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)methane, bis(3-hydroxyphenyl)ether, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ether, bis(3-hydroxyphenyl)sulfide, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfide, bis(3-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone, bis(3-hydroxyphenyl)sulfoxide, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfoxide, 3,3'-dihydroxybenzophenone, 4,4'-dihydroxybenzene
- Dihalogenopyridines particularly useful according to the invention are: 2,6-difluoropyridine, 2,6-dichloropyridine, 2,6-dibromopyridine, 2,6-diiodopyridine, 2,4-difluoropyridine, 2,4-dichloropyridine, 2,4-dibromopyridine and 2,4-diiodopyridine.
- compositions of general formula (1) are prepared in two successive main steps with separation of the intermediary compounds, these two steps being: (a)-the preparation of oligomers of polyaryloxypyridine with halogen end groups of formula (2), and (b)-the ethynylation of said compositions by substituting to halogen atoms an acetylenic compound having one of its reactive sites protected by a protecting group, this reaction being performed in the presence of a catalytic system, and then unblocking the blocked acetylenic function.
- compositions of polyaryloxypyridine with halogen end groups (2) are prepared in two successive reactions with or without separation of intermediary compounds.
- a diphenol is converted to an alkaline diphenolate of formula (7) by reaction with an alkali metal, a hydroxide, a carbonate or an alcoholate of alkali metal.
- This reaction is performed according to well-known methods, preferably in solution in a polar organic solvent to which an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon may be added for removing the reaction water, if any, by azeotropic distillation. It is always preferable to maintain the reaction medium proof against moisture.
- the dihalogenopyridine of formula (5) or (6) is added to the diphenolate (7), in molecular proportions always corresponding to a defect of the latter reactant.
- the molar proportion of diphenolate (7) to dihalogenopyridine (5) or (6) is generally from about 1/1.02 to 1/2, so as to obtain an oligomer composition of polyaryloxypyridine with halogen end groups of general formula (2) with a suitable average polycondensation degree (n from 1 to 50).
- This condensation reaction which leads to ether chainings is conducted by heating at a temperature from 50° to 300° C., preferably from 90° to 250° C. It may be performed at the reactant melting temperature, but it is preferable to use a polar organic solvent such for example as N-methyl pyrrolidone, dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylacetamide or dimethylformamide.
- the second step involves a reaction of substitution of halogen end groups of polyaryloxypyridine compositions (2) with acetylenic compounds, having one of their reactive sites protected by a protecting group, said compounds complying with general formulas (3) and (4), followed with the removal of said protecting group.
- the reaction of polyaryloxypyridines having halogen end groups (2) with acetylenic compounds (3) or (4) is preferably performed in solution in an organic solvent, in the presence of a basic compound liable to fix the halogen end atoms which are removed as a hydracid, and in the presence of a catalytic system comprising copper and palladium compounds with, optionally, a coordination agent.
- This reaction gives polyaryloxypyridines complying with the general formulas: ##STR5##
- substitution of halogen atoms with acetylenic compounds (4) or (5) is performed by heating at a temperature from 20° to 200° C., preferably 50° to 120° C., in solution in a solvent which may be an organic solvent inert with respect to the reaction products, but which may also be the basic compound used to fix the hydracid.
- a solvent which may be an organic solvent inert with respect to the reaction products, but which may also be the basic compound used to fix the hydracid.
- Polyaryloxypyridines with acetylenic end groups of formula (1) are obtained by disilylation of compositions of formula (8) or by removal of a ketone of the formula R 1 --CO--R 2 in the compositions of formula (9).
- Palladium compounds advantageously used in the catalytic system comprise, for example, compounds of general formulas: Pd(PR 3 ) 4 , Pd(PR 3 ) 2 X 2 , Pd(O 2 CR) 2 , Pd(O 2 CR) 2 (PR 3 ) 2 and Pd(AsR 3 ) 2 X 2 , wherein X is a halogen atom and R an alkyl, aralkyl or aryl group.
- Examples of such compounds are: palladium acetate, palladium diacetato bis(triphenylphosphine), palladium dichloro bis(triphenylphosphine), palladium tetrakis(triphenylphosphine), palladium bis(1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane), and palladium dichloro bis(triphenylarsine).
- the coordination agents which can be added to the catalytic system are generally phosphorus, arsenic or antimony derivatives, as for example triphenylphosphine, tris(ortho-tolyl)phosphine, triphenylarsine and triphenylstibine.
- the basic compounds are preferably amino compounds, including primary amines such as hexylamine, benzylamine and aniline, secondary amines such as dimethylamine, diethylamine, methylethylamine, N-methylaniline, N-ethylaniline, piperidine and tertiary amines such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline, benzyldimethylamine and N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl ethylenediamine.
- primary amines such as hexylamine, benzylamine and aniline
- secondary amines such as dimethylamine, diethylamine, methylethylamine, N-methylaniline, N-ethylaniline
- piperidine and tertiary amines
- trimethylamine triethylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline, benzyldimethylamine and N,N,N',N'-t
- Amines having a boiling temperature ranging from 50° to 150° C. such as diethylamine, triethylamine and N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine are particularly convenient.
- substitution of the halogen atoms of polyaryloxypyridine (2) with acetylenic compounds (3) or (4) may be performed in solution in one of the above-mentioned amine compounds, but it is also possible to add to the reaction medium another solvent which may be a hydrocarbon such for example as hexane or benzene, a halogenated hydrocarbon as dichloromethane or chloroform or an ether as diethyl ether, dibutyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate or dioxane.
- a hydrocarbon such for example as hexane or benzene
- a halogenated hydrocarbon as dichloromethane or chloroform
- an ether as diethyl ether, dibutyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate or dioxane.
- the desilylation reaction of polyaryloxypyridines of formula (8) is performed in solution in an aliphatic mono-alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol or tert-butanol, in the presence of an inorganic base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate or potassium fluoride, at a temperature preferably ranging from 50° to 150° C. and preferably in an inert atmosphere.
- This desilylation reaction may be performed by using exculusively as the solvent the monoalcohol, but it is also possible to add to the reaction medium an inert co-solvent such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane.
- ketones from polyaryloxypyridines of formula (9) is performed in solution in an organic solvent which may be a hydrocarbon, an ether, an amide, an aldehyde, an alcohol or an ester, in the presence of an inorganic base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, at a temperature ranging from 50° to 150° C., preferably in an anhydrous medium and in an inert atmosphere.
- organic solvent which may be a hydrocarbon, an ether, an amide, an aldehyde, an alcohol or an ester
- an inorganic base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide
- compositions consisting essentially of polyaryloxypyridines with acetylenic end groups according to the invention are thermosetting compositions.
- the reaction process whereby the fusible and soluble oligomers can be converted, by heating, to dense and cross-linked systems is not simple. Several polymerization and cyclotrimerization reactions are superposed, which finally lead to the cross-linked system.
- compositions according to the invention are polymerized by heating at a temperature from 100° to 250° C., for a time from a few minutes to a few hours.
- the cross-linking degree may still be increased by a complementary thermal treatment at higher temperature, for example from 200° to 300° C.
- the cross-linked polymers obtained by thermally polymerizing compositions of polyaryloxypyridine with acetylenic end-groups are characterized by an excellent behavior to heat and to oxidation.
- the isothermal thermogravimetry analysis at 300° C. for 20 hours, shows that the weight loss of the most highly cross-linked systems is lower than 3%.
- the invention also involves the compositions of polyaryloxypyridine oligomers with acetylenic end groups complying with the above-mentioned general formula (1), but wherein the ether chainings are placed on the carbon atoms in 3 and 5 positions of the pyridine rings.
- the ether chainings are placed on the carbon atoms in 3 and 5 positions of the pyridine rings.
- compositions of polyaryloxypyridines with halogen end groups by reacting a 3,5-dihalogenopyridine with an amount lower with respect to the molecular stoichiometrical proportion, of at least one alkaline diphenolate.
- Suitable 3,5 dihalogenopyridines are the 3,5-difluoro-, dichloro-, dibromo- and diiodo-pyridines.
- the second step consists of substituting halogen end groups of said polyaryloxypyridine compositions with acetylenic compounds one of the reactive sites of which is protected by a protecting group, and then removing said protecting group. All these reactions have been described above.
- compositions of polyaryloxypyridines with acetylenic end groups exhibit in certain respects improved characteristics as compared with compositions deriving from 2,4- and 2,6-dihalogenopyridines.
- they generally have a lower melting or softening temperature and a higher thermal stability.
- they will be more convenient for applications requiring an initial operation at lower temperature, while necessitating a high thermal stability of the final lattice.
- the polycondensation reactions are conducted under stirring and in a nitrogen or argon inert atmosphere so as to avoid any oxidation reaction.
- the obtained products are characterized by elementary analysis, infra-red spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance of the proton and of carbon 13, differential enthalpy analysis, steric exclusion chromatography and gel permeation chromatography.
- the polycondensation degree of polyaryloxypyridines is determined by gel permeation chromatography by determination of the halogen end groups proportion (proportion expressed as halogen weight per 100 grams of product), as well as by nuclear magnetic resonance.
- a series of polyaryloxypyridines having halogen end groups is prepared according to the experimental conditions of example 1, with the reactants indicated in Table I.
- the amounts used correspond to 0.4 mole of dihalogenopyridine, 0.2 mole of diphenol, 0.3 mole of potassium carbonate, 110 cm 3 of N-methyl 2-pyrrolidinone and 75 cm 3 of toluene.
- the products formed in these reactions can be respectively identified as the following compounds.
- the chromatographic analysis shows that the obtained product is also a mixture of two or three isomers.
- a mixture of 11.4 grams (0.05 mole) of bis 2,2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane with 4 grams (0.1 mole) of sodium hydroxide, 17 cm 3 of dimethylsulfoxide and 10 cm 3 of toluene is heated for 4 hours at 120°-130° C., with removal of the water formed during the reaction by azeotropic distillation of the water-toluene mixture. Toluene is then completely distilled off before addition of 11.1 grams (0.075 mole) of 2,6-dichloropyridine.
- the etherification reaction is conducted by heating the reaction medium for 4 hours at 150° C.
- the cooled mixture is poured into a normal aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.
- the formed precipitate is separated by filtration, washed with water, and dried to constant weight at 50° C. under reduced pressure.
- the resultant product obtained with a yield of 97%, may be identified as a polyaryloxypyridine of formula: ##STR12##
- the polymers prepared in examples 10 to 15 comply with the following formula wherein X is the halogen atom (bromine or chlorine) and n has the value indicated for DPn in table 2. ##STR13##
- the obtained compound has a melting temperature of 103° C. and a molecular weight of 430 grams per mole and it complies with the general formula: ##STR16##
- the residue is dissolved into ether, washed with water and ether is evaporated to give a raw product which is recrystallized in heptane.
- the yield of pure product is 70%.
- the obtained compound has a melting temperature of 107° C. and is identified as bis 1,3-(2-(2-trimethylsilyl ethynyl)6-pyridyloxy)benzene complying with the formula: ##STR17##
- the organic phase is separated and completely dried by solvent evaporation.
- the residue is crushed in methanol, filtered and dried.
- the obtained product has a melting temperature of 71° C., a molecular weight, measured by gel permeation chromatography, of 1748 grams per mole and it may be represented by the following formula of a 2,6-(ethynyl pyridylene) poly(1,4-oxyphenylene(1-methyl ethylidene)-1,4-phenyleneoxy-2,6-pyridylene-ethynyl, wherein n is substantially equal to 5.4. ##STR21##
- the experimental conditions of example 22 are used to prepare oligomers complying with the above-mentioned formula for an (ethynyl 2,6-pyridylene) poly(1,4-oxyphenylene-(1-methyl ethylidene)1,4-phenyleneoxy 2,6-pyridylene)ethynyl from dihalogenated compounds described in examples 10, 14 and 15.
- the analysis of the products obtained after fixation of trimethylsilylacetylene and desilylation in a basic medium indicates that the polymers have the following characteristics.
- Bis 1,3-(2-ethynyl 6-pyridyloxy)benzene prepared in example 16 is subjected to analysis with a differential calorimetry analysis apparatus programmed for a temperature rate of increase of 10° C. per minute.
- thermogram obtained during the first passage shows an endothermic peak of melting at 100° C. and an exothermic peak of polymerization beginning at about 115° C. and ending at about 260° C.
- thermogram obtained by differential calorimetry analysis shows that the melting and polymerization peaks substantially disappeared and at the second passage no slope variation corresponding to a glass transition temperature is observed.
- the material obtained after 2 hours of polymerization at 180° C. is subjected to dynamic thermogravimetry analysis with temperature increase rates of respectively 1° to 5° C. per minute.
- the thermal stability of the product may be determined with more accuracy since the thermal degradation threshold varies in accordance with the program of temperature increase.
- the decomposition thresholds are respectively at 356° C. in air and 379° C. under argon. With a temperature increase rate of 5° C. per minute the decomposition begins at 402° C. in air and in an inert atmosphere.
- thermal analyses described in example 26 are performed on bis 2,2-(4-(2-ethynyl 6-pyridyloxy)phenyl)propane of example 19, on bis 2,2(4-(2-ethynyl-6-pyridyloxy)phenyl)1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane of example 20 and on bis(4-(2-ethynyl 6-pyridyloxy)phenyl)sulfide of example 21.
- the residue is poured into water and the formed precipitate is washed with water and dried. It is then taken again in 50 cm 3 of ethyl acetate. The solution is filtered to remove impurities insoluble in ethyl acetate. After solvent evaporation, the residue is extracted with 250 cm 3 of boiling hexane. This operation gives two fractions. The first one is soluble into hexane whereas the second gives an immiscible phase.
- the fraction insoluble in hexane appears as a brown viscous oil and amounts to 3.11 grams.
- the product obtained by distillation of the solvents under reduced pressure is then taken again with 150 cm 3 of ethyl acetate.
- the solution is filtered to remove impurities insoluble in ethyl acetate. It is then percolated over 30 grams of gel of silica particles having a 0.08 mm average diameter. The solvent evaporation gives a yellow spongy product with a yield of 46%.
- the gel permeation chromatography analysis of this product shows that it is formed of oligomers complying with the formula of example 33, with 46% of compound for which the polycondensation degree n is equal to 1, a proportion of 51% of oligomers for which n is at least 2, and 5% of an unidentified compound having an apparent molecular weight of 370 grams.mole -1 .
- the determination of bromine atoms constituting the end groups indicates that the average value of the polycondensation degree n is 1.99.
- the oligomer mixture prepared in example 38 is reacted with 2-methyl 3-butyn 2-ol in the conditions described in example 37. This operation results in the substitution of bromine atoms with protected acetylenic groups, with a yield of 52%.
- the further treatment of 5.76 grams of the latter product with 0.5 gram of sodium hydroxide in 80 cm 3 of toluene gives 4.29 grams (82%) of a brown-colored very viscous oil, corresponding to the general formula of example ⁇ wherein the average polycondensation degree n is 3.3.
- the polycondensation reaction of 3,5 dibromopyridine with bis 2,2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane is performed in the experimental conditions described in example 36, with a molar ratio of 1.15 between these two reactants.
- the product obtained at the end of the reaction, with a yield of 42%, is a solid whose analysis by gel permeation chromatography shows that it is formed of oligomers complying with the general formula of example 33, with 11 % of compound for which the polycondensation degree n is equal to 1 and 89% of oligomers for which n is at least 2.
- This mixture of dibrominated polyaryloxypiridines is subjected to dynamic thermogravimetric analysis in nitrogen atmosphere with a rate of temperature increase of 10° C. per minute.
- the thermal decomposition threshold is at about 260° C. and the weight loss reaches 1% at 350° C. and 5% at 410° C.
- this product by gel permeation chromatography shows that it is formed of oligomers containing 42% of compound for which the polycondensation degree n is equal to 1, a proportion of 33% of oligomer for which n is equal to 2 and 24% of oligomers having a polycondensation degree of at least 3.
- the bromine determination, elementary analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance indicate that the average polycondensation degree has a value of 1.7 but with a widened range of molecular weight distribution as compared with the oligomers described in examples 35, 37 and 39.
- thermograms are drawn within 20°-270° C. During the first temperature increase, the thermogram shows an exothermal polymerization peak beginning at 145° C., having a a maximum value at 242° C., and ending at about 300° C. No other thermal transition is observed before this polymerization peak. After cooling of the measuring cell, a second temperature increase shows that the polymerization peak has disappeared and that no variation of the thermogram slope which might indicate the presence of glass transition is observed.
- a material is prepared by polymerizing a few grams of the oligomer composition of example 35 in a metal cup during 2 hours at 180° C.
- the lattice obtained during this thermal polymerization reaction is then subjected to dynamic thermogravimetry analysis in air with a temperature increase rate of 5° C. per minute.
- the degradation threshold of the product occurs at 420° C. and the weight loss is 1% at 440° C. and 5% at 450° C.
Abstract
Description
M--O--Ar--O--M (7)
TABLE I ______________________________________ Dihalogeno Yield Example Diphenol.sup.1 pyridine (%) ______________________________________ 2 R 2,6-dibromo 91 3 A 2,6-dichloro 96 4 A 2,6-dibromo 94 5 F 2,6-dibromo 63 6 S 2,6-dibromo 90 7 A 2,4-dibromo 89 8 A 2,4-dichloro 95 ______________________________________ .sup.1 Diphenols are as follows: A: Bis 2,2(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane F: Bis 2,2(4-hydroxyphenyl)1,1,1,3,3,3,propane S: Bis (4hydroxyphenyl)sulfide R: 1,3dihydroxybenzene (resorcinol)
TABLE 2 ______________________________________ 2,6-dichloro 2,6-dibromo DPn Example pyridine pyridine Calc.sup.1 Found.sup.2 ______________________________________ 10 18.95 3 2.5 11 10.66 5 2.5 12 16.58 6 5.92 13 9.77 10 3.6 14 15.16 15 9.2 15 14.50 50 20.3 ______________________________________ .sup.1 calculated from the respective proportions of dihalogenopyridine and of diphenol. .sup.2 found by quantitative elementary analysis of halogen atoms.
______________________________________ Example No 27 28 29 ______________________________________ Resin of example 19 20 21 Melting temperature 103° C. 129° C. 97° C. Beginning of polymerization 130° C. 130° C. 135° C. End of polymerization 295° C. 305° C. 290° C. Glass transition none none none Decomposition threshold 385° C. 373° C. 345° C. in air Decomposition threshold 390° C. 394° C. 360° C. under argon ______________________________________
______________________________________ Example No 30 31 32 ______________________________________ Resin of example 22 23 24 DPn of the resin 5.4 2.5 9 Beginning of polymerization 135° C. 130° C. 135° C. End of polymerization 290° C. 285° C. 290° C. Glass transition: after 2 hours at 180° C. 94° C. 116° C. 88° C. after 16 hours at 250° C. 113° C. 140° C. 109° C. Decomposition threshold 297° C. 344° C. 295° C. in air Decomposition threshold 297° C. 365° C. 295° C. under argon ______________________________________
______________________________________ Resin of example 37 39 41 DPn of the resin 2.5 3.3 1.7 Beginning of polymerization 140° C. 180° C. 140° C. Maximum of the exotherm 245° C. 225° C. 237° C. End of polymerization 305° C. 295° C. 310° C. Glass transition 120° C. 123° C. none (at second passage) 1% of decomposition in air 406° C. 350° C. 415° C. 5% of decomposition in air 434° C. 415° C. 460° C. ______________________________________
Claims (14)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8614090 | 1986-10-09 | ||
FR8614090A FR2605010B1 (en) | 1986-10-09 | 1986-10-09 | COMPOSITIONS OF POLYARYLOXYPYRIDINE OLIGOMERS WITH ACETYLENIC TERMINATIONS, THEIR PREPARATION, AND THE NETWORKS OBTAINED BY THEIR THERMAL POLYMERIZATION |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US4814403A true US4814403A (en) | 1989-03-21 |
Family
ID=9339731
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US07/105,745 Expired - Fee Related US4814403A (en) | 1986-10-09 | 1987-10-08 | Oligomer compositions of polyaryloxypyridines with acetylenic end groups, their manufacture and lattices obtained by thermal polymerization thereof |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4814403A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0267076A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS63117034A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2605010B1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001078162A3 (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2002-02-21 | Honeywell Int Inc | Oligomeric and polymeric oled materials produced via arylation of quinones |
USRE37711E1 (en) | 1995-12-22 | 2002-05-21 | Ck Witco Corp. | Enol-ether capped polyethers and surfactants produced therefrom |
US6872690B2 (en) | 2001-03-09 | 2005-03-29 | Wyeth | Herbicidal 2-alkynyl-pyri (mi) dines |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005042278B4 (en) * | 2005-04-21 | 2011-01-13 | Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertr. d. d. Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, dieses vertr. d. d. Präsidenten der Physikalisch-Technischen Bundesanstalt | Evolvent specimen with superimposed periodic structures, also called waves, for the assessment of measuring instruments and machine tools |
EP3136410A1 (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2017-03-01 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | Use of certain polymers as charge storage |
EP4316814A1 (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2024-02-07 | JSR Corporation | Polymer, composition, cured product, multilayer body, and electronic component |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1527714A (en) * | 1966-07-01 | 1968-06-07 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Polyethers derived from pyridine |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3705131A (en) * | 1970-11-27 | 1972-12-05 | I Elementoorganicheskikh Soedi | Polymers of polyphenylene type and method of producing the same |
EP0059646A3 (en) * | 1981-03-03 | 1982-12-22 | Japan Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. | Conjugated polymers and processes for preparing and modifying them |
-
1986
- 1986-10-09 FR FR8614090A patent/FR2605010B1/en not_active Expired
-
1987
- 1987-10-06 EP EP87402209A patent/EP0267076A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1987-10-08 US US07/105,745 patent/US4814403A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-10-09 JP JP62256139A patent/JPS63117034A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1527714A (en) * | 1966-07-01 | 1968-06-07 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Polyethers derived from pyridine |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USRE37711E1 (en) | 1995-12-22 | 2002-05-21 | Ck Witco Corp. | Enol-ether capped polyethers and surfactants produced therefrom |
WO2001078162A3 (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2002-02-21 | Honeywell Int Inc | Oligomeric and polymeric oled materials produced via arylation of quinones |
US6784322B2 (en) | 2000-04-10 | 2004-08-31 | Honeywell International Inc. | Oligomeric and polymeric OLED materials produced via arylation of quinones |
US6872690B2 (en) | 2001-03-09 | 2005-03-29 | Wyeth | Herbicidal 2-alkynyl-pyri (mi) dines |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2605010A1 (en) | 1988-04-15 |
EP0267076A1 (en) | 1988-05-11 |
FR2605010B1 (en) | 1988-12-30 |
JPS63117034A (en) | 1988-05-21 |
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