US477921A - Half to albert anderson - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. M. ANDERSEN.

ENGINE. No. 477,921. Patented June 28,1892,

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. M. ANDBRSEN.

r ENGINE.

No. 471,921. Patented June 28, 1892.

Ya: mum puns co., mmwumm, msumn'wn, m c.

UNITED STATES V PATENT OFFICE.

JOHAN MQA ERSEN, on BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, AsSIeNon on ONE- HALF TO ALBERT ANDERSON, on SAMEPLACE.

ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 477,921, dated June 28, 1892. Application filed March 18, 1892'. erial Nit 25,484. (N model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that LJOHAN M. ANDERSEN, a subject of the King of Norway and Sweden, residing in Boston, count-y of Suffolk, and

State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Engines, of which the following description, in' connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters and figures on the drawings representing like parts. r

This invention relates to steam-engines, and has for its object to improve the construction of the same, whereby the said engine may be readily convertedinto a pumping-engine.

My invention is particularly applicable to multiple-expansion engines such as now commonly used on board st-eamships. hteamships as now commonly equipped are provided with multiple-expansion engines employed to pro- 2c pel the ship and with-independent water-,- pumps adapted to be driven by the said en-l gine or by separate engines. The waterpumps referred to are designed to bev used to free the vessel from water in case of leakage or accident; but in practice it frequently happens that the capacity of the water-pumps is insufficient to take care of the water let into the vessel by a large leak or hole in its hull, such as might be caused by collisions or similar accidents. In accordancewith my present invention the multiple-expansion steam-engine may be constructed so as to be used as an ordinary steam-engine to' propel the ship, but which may be quickly converted into .a

. combination steam and pumping engine,

whereby the ship may be supplied with a pump of substantially large capacity in addition to its regular complement of pumps,

the capacity of the additional pump alone be- 40 large volume of water. I prefer to employ a triple-expansion engine comprising a highpressure, intermediate, and low-pressure cylinders and to utilizethelow-pressure cylinder as a pump in case of emergency, the remaining cylinders-namely, the high-pressure and the intermediate-acting as the high and low pressure cylinders of a compound engine to drive the piston of the additional pump orlow-pressurecylinder.

My invention 1n a steam-engine, therefore,

ing sufficient to take care of a substantially consists in the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a Steam-cylinder'provided with steam inlet and outlet ports, a valve to control saidports, a piston in said cylinder, 5 a main or crank shaft to which the said valve and piston are connected, a water-port for said cylinder, and a valveto control said waterport, normally closed when the cylinder is used as a steam-cylinder and opened when the said cylinder is used as "a water cylinder or pump, substantially as will be described.

Other features of my invention will. be pointed out in the claims at the end of this specification.

Figure l is a side or front elevation, partially broken out, of a multiple-expansion en gine embodying my invention; Fig. 2, an end elevation of the engine Shown in Fig. 1,1ooking toward the right, the low-pressure cylin- 7o der being broken out to enablethe operation to be more readily understood; Fig. 3, a top plan view of a sufficient portion of the engine? shown in Figs. 1 and '2 to enable my invenii tion to be understood; Fig. 4, a detail in, top" or plan view of the low-pressure cylinder; Fig. 5, a detail in section and elevation of the valve construction preferred by me for converting the steam-engine into a combination engine and pump, and Fig. 6 a sectional detail of one form of steam-valve for the low-pressure cylinder.

The multiple-expansion steam-engine with which I have chosen to illustrate my invention is-herein shown as an upright triple-expansion engine comprising the high-pressure cylinder A, the intermediate cylinder A, and

the low-pressure cylinder A The cylinders A A A are supported, as

shown, upon. three sets of columns A A A 0 resting upon a' suitablebed-fraine A The columns A A may be-made solider hollow, and the columns A made hollow, fora purpose as will be described.

'The'" cylinders are provided with suitable 5 pistons joined by suitable connecting-rods to a,main or crank shaft a, having bearings in the bed frame A and provided with suitable cranks to which the connectingrods are joined, only one crank a being indicated by rci: dotted lines, Fig. 2, to which the piston a of the low-pressure cylinder A is joined by the connecting-rod a the said connecting-rod being pivoted at one end to the cross-head a sliding in vertical guides a and to which the piston-rod a" of the piston a is fastened.

The cylinders A A have co-operating with them any usual or well-known form of steamvalve, (not herein shown,) but which have their valve-rods a a, suitably connected in any usual or desired manner to a rock-shaft a joined by eccentric-rods ct (L13 to eccentrics'ct (4- on the crank-shaft a.

The low-pressure cylinder A has co-operating with it a steam-valve, preferably of the construction herein shown, it consisting of a double valve or two valves a a, (see Fig. 6,) mounted on a single valve-rod a, joined to a rock-shaft a, independent of the rock-shaft a but adapted to be coupled or firmly fastenedthereto by a suitable clutch mechanism,

herein shown as a toothed hub C620, fast on the rock-shaft a and a corresponding toothed hub or 'SlQGVGCL keyed or otherwise fitted on the rock-shaft a to slide thereon, to be en:- gaged with and disengaged from the toothed hub a for a purposeas will be described.

The valves (1 a", as herein shown, are of the well-known form of D-valve, the valve (1- operating or registering with a port (L25, leading to one end of the low-pressure cylinder A as, for instance, the top of the said cylinderan (1 also with one in outh of an exhaust port or passage a made in the low-pressu re cylinder, but which doesnot lea'd'directlyinto the said cylinder. The valve a" registers with a port a, leading to the bottom of the lowpressure cylinder, and also with the other mouth of the port or passagea. ["he valveroda is connected to the rock-sh aft a, which is' joinedby the usual eccentric-rods a to; the eccentrics a on the crank-shaft a.

To enable the low pressurc cylinder A to be used as a pump, the latter is provided, preferably at both ends, with ports, herein shown as located in the top?) and bottom b of the said cylinder and normally closed by valves 1) 19 preferably disk-valves, having beveled edges to fit correspondiugly-beveled seats. The upper end of the cylinder A is adapted tobe connected through the port controlled by the valve 1) with a passage 1)", extended from above the cylinder down one side to the bottom of the same, thesa-id' passage being formed, as herein shown, by the cylinder A a bottom plate 11, side plate or casting b, and top plate or casting b". The lower end of the cylinder A is adapted to be connected through the port controlled by the valve 12 with a passage 1)", formed' by the bottom I) of the cylinder and the plate b and cut off or separated from the passage b by the wall or upright plate 122*. The passage 1) communicates with the-leg 2 of the hollow column A and the passage b with the leg 3 of the said column. The columns A are preferably connected' at their lower ends by a passage b made in the bed-frame A the latter being provided with an opening bf, constituting a water-inlet port, through which the water to be discharged by the low-pressure cylinder when used as a pump is admittedto the passage 11 The legs 2 3 of the columns A are provided near their upper ends,preferably in close proximit-y to the cylinder A with upwardly-opening valves b 12 (shown as flap-valves,) which may be of any usual or well-known construcg tion, they being pivoted, as at b I), and normally resting on lugs or stops Z2 Z2 on the inside of the hollow legs 2 3. Thehollow legs 2 3 of the column A have connected to them above the valves 11 I1 discharge-pipes b" 19 also provided with suitable outwardly-opening valves,herein shown as flap-valves b 12 pivoted, as at I9 12 and normally resting ,against valve-seats b b on the insideof the discharge-pipes Z)" Z).

The valves 19 b are designed to and preferably will be made to move simultaneously in opposite directions when the cylinderA is to be used as a pump. This result maybe accomplished by means of gearing, as will now be described. The valve b is provided with a threaded rod or stem 0, extended through a threaded sleeve 0, projected through the plate fb" and having fast'to it a bevel-gear c in mesh with a bevel-pinion 0 fast on a shaft 0 having bearings in uprights 0", supported on the cylinder A (see Fig. 1,) the shaft; 0 being provided near its opposite end with a bevel-pin- }ion 0 in mesh with a bevel-pinion '0, fast on ;a shaft 0 (see Fig. 1,) having bearings, as shown, in lugs or ears 0 c", secured to or forming part of the cylinder A The valve b is provided with a stem or rod 0 having screw threads which run in an opposite direction from the screw-threads on the valve-rod c, so that the valves b b maybe moved'simultaneonely in opposite directions. The valve-rod 0 is extended through a threaded sleeve a, projected below the cylinder A and having :fast to it a gear 0 in mesh with a pinion c 5 herein shown, witha hand-wheel 0 by which the said shaft may be rotated to open and fclose the valves (2 b In the normal condition of the engine the cylinder A forms the low-pressure cylinder -for the engine-,the steam from the intermedi- ;ate cylinder A exhausting from said intermediate cylinder, into the valvechest of the :low-pressure cylinder, from whence it passes alternately through the ports a a, into the cylinder A and the exhaust-steam from the low-pressure cylinder passes from said cylinder to the condenser d. When the engine is working as a triple-expansion engine, as just described, the rock-shaft a is'clutched to the rock-shaft a and bothrock-shafts are-working as one shaft. If now it is desired to use a the low-pressure cylinder as a pump, the rockshaft a is disconnected from the rock-shaft a which may be effected, as herein shown,

by means of a lever d, joined by a connecting-rod d to a vertical rock-shaft (Z (see 7 on the shaft 0 the'latter being provided, as

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. engagement with its co-operating hub a asdotted lines, Fig. 2,) the said rock-shafthaving secured to or forming part of it near its upper end a forked arm (1 (see Fig. 3,) engaging a groove (1 in the clutch-sleeve or hub a h. The clutch-sleeve a may be held in herein shown, (see Fig. 3,) by means of a stop-pin or stud d on an arm (Z secured to one ofthe columns A When the low-pressure cylinder is to be used as a pump, the exhaust-steam from the cylinder A is led directly to the condenser d other arm (1 joined by a rod c1 to a crank" (Z on-a shaft (Z having secured to it a lever al the rock-shaft a having another crank (1 (shown only in Fig. 2) connected 'by a link cl? to the slotted slide d 'ot' the usual and well-known link-motion valve-gearin g to which the eccentric-rods e are connected.

In order to convert the low-pressure cylinder A into a pump, the pipe or passage leading from the cylinder A to the cylinder A must be closed, and a pipe or passage leading from the cylinder A to .the condenser is opened, and atthe same time the exhaust pipe or passage from the cylinder A must be closed.- In order that the change above described may be accomplished in substantially an instant and by one mechanism, I prefer to employ a valve chest or casing and an arrangement of valves substantially such as shown in Fig. 5. Referring now to Fig. 5,the valve-casing referred to consists, as shown, of

two substantially spherical portions '6 e, con-' The spherical portion 6 is provided with an inlet pipe -or opening e and an outlet-pipe e the innected by a tubular portion 6 let-pipe e in practice being connected to the exhaust-pipe e for the cylinder A, and the outlet pipe e being connected to the steam-inlet pipe or port of the valve-chest containing the slide-valves a 03 0f the lowpressure cylinder, as shown in Fig; 5, the slide-valves being omitted. The spherical portion 6 of the valve-casing is connected by the pipe 6 to the exhaust or discharge passage a for the valve-chest of the low-pressure cylinder A The tubular portion e? has connected to or forming part of it anoutletpipe e to which is connected the pipe e leading to the condenser, as shown in Fig. 3. The

valve-casing referred to contains within it, as shown in Fig. 5, three disk valves e e e mounted ona single valve-rod e extended through suitable glands or stuffing-boxes e e at the ends of the valve-casing, two of the portion e.

valves, as e a", being located in the spherical portion e and the valve e in the spherical In the normal condition of the engine-that is, when it is working'as a tripleexpansion steam-engine-the valves e e e occupy-the positions shown in Fig. 5, the valve 6 being open to connect the exhaustpipe from the cylinder A with the steam-in let pipe c leading to the valve-chest of the cylinder A the valve e being also open to connect the steam-exhaust pipe 6 from the valve-chest of the cylinder A? with the pipe 6, leading to the condenser (1, while the valve 6 is at such time closed to cut off direct communication between the pipe 6 and the pipe 6 With the valves 6 e e in the positions shown in Fig. 5 the exhaust-steam from the cylinder A passes through the valve-casing, as indicated by arrows 40, into the cylinder A and the exhaust-steam from the cylinder A passes, as indicated by arrows 41, to the condenser.

As represented in Fig. 5, the exhaust-steam from the cylinderA passes through the pipes e 6 into the valve-chest of the cylinder A ter upward and forcing theexhaust-steam in the cylinder A above the piston a out through the ports a a to the pipe e from whence it passes through the spherical portion e,tubular portion e through the pipe a to the'condenser. I

. When it is desired to use the cylinder A as a pump, the valves e e e? are moved downward in the direction indicated by arrow 50, which may be accomplished, as herein shown, by means of a lever e pivoted, as ate, and connected to the valve-rod 2 by link e the said lever being moved in the direction indi cated by arrow 51. The lever e is moved in the'direction indicated by arrow 51 until the valve e cuts off communication between the pipes e e and" the valve 6 outs 01f the pipe e from the pipe e, the valve e ;being opened by the said movements, so as to connect the pipe (2 directly with the pipe e With valves 2 6 closed and the valve 6 opened, as described, the exhaust-steam from the cylinder A passes directly to the condenser, as indicated by dotted-line arrows 60, and theengine is composed of 'a high pressure cylinder A and a low-pressure cylinder A. When the valves e e e are moved into their positions just described, it will be understood that at substantiallythesameinstant the rock-shaft a is disconnected from-the rock-shaft a by operating the lever d,'and the valves 0, a,

With the parts in the positions just described the piston a of the cylinder A is still driven by the crank-shaft a, and-on the upstroke of the piston a water is drawn through the port 6 into the passage b up the hollow and thence through the port (1 7' into the c'ylinder A below the piston a moving the latleg 3. into the passage b through the port in the bottom b of the cylinder A into the said cylinderbelow the piston a and on the downstroke of the piston a the water in the cylinder below the piston a is forced out through the port in the bottom (1 into thepassage b thence th roughthe discharge-pipe b, the valve b being'opened' by'the water passing through the pipe Z9 While the valve 5 in the hollow leg- 3 is closed by the said water. On the downstroke of the piston water is drawn up the hollow leg 2 through the passage 6 into the cylinder A above the piston a and on the next upstroke of the piston a the water above the saidpiston'is forced out through the passage 19 and discharge-pipe b", the valve 11 being opened by the water passing through the pipe I)" and the valve Z1 being maintained closed by the said water.

Owing to the large size of the cylinder A the capacity of thesame when used as a pump is substantially great, and consequently a large volume of water may be taken care of by the said pump.

My improved engine is especially designed and adapted" to be used on steamships, and it will readily be seen that in case of emergency thepu'mping capacity of the ship may be largely increased with it.

Although especially adapted to be used as a marine engineon steamships, my improved engine may be used to advantage in other places.

I have herein shown my invention as embodied in'a triple-expansion engine; but I do not desire to limit my invention in this respect', as it may be embodied in other forms of engine. So, also, I have represented the convertible engine as driven fromv the main shaft a, and while I prefer this construction I do not desire to limit my invention in this respect asthe steam-cylinder a", capable of being converted into a pump of substantially large capacity, may be used with an electric or other motor mechanism;

I claim 1. In asteam-engine, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a steam-cylinder provided with steam inlet and outlet ports,a valve to control said ports, a piston in said cylinder, a main. or crank shaft to which the said valve and piston are connected, a water-port for said cylinder, and a valve to control said water-port, normally closed when the cylinder is used as a steam-cylinder and opened when-the said cylinderis used as a water cylinder or pump,and means to operate the steam-valve to out cit the admission of steam to the cylinder, substantially as-described.

2. In asteam-engine, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a steam-cyL ind'er provided with steam inlet and outlet ports, a valve to control said ports, a piston in said cylinder, a main or crank shaft to which the said valve and piston are connectlowing instrumentalities, viz: a plurality of cylinders provided with. pistons, a main or crank shaft to which the said pistons are connected, one or more ports in one of the said cylinders additional to the regular ports, one or more valves to control said additional ports, and mechanism to disconnect the said ported cylinder from the remaining'cylinders,

"whereby the said ported cylinder may be driven as a pump by the remaining cylinder or cylinders, substantially as described.

4:. In a multiple-expansion steam-engine,

the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a plurality of cylinders provided with pistons and connected together for ex- 3 pansion of the steam from one cylinder to ant other, valves for each of said cylinders to control the admission of steam to the cylinders, a main or crank shaft to which the said pistons and valves are connected, one or more ports in one of said cylinders additional to f the ports controlled by the steam'-valves,'one 1 or more valves to control said additional ports, and valves to control thepassages leading to the cylinder provided with the said additional ports, whereby the said multiple-expansion steam-enginemay be converted into 'a combination steam-engine and pump, substantially as described.

5. In a steam-engine, the combination of the following instrumentalities,viz: a high-pressure' cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder, valves to control the admission of steam to the said cylinders, a rock-shaft to which the valve of the high-pressure cylinder is connected, a second rock-shaft to which the valve of the low-pressure cylinder is connected, a

clutch mechanism to couple the said rock- 2 shafts together, a main or crank shaft to which the said rock-shafts are connected, an

additional or water port in the low-pressure cylinder, a valve to control said port, and valves to open and close the inlet and outlet passages to the low-pressure cylinder, whereby the low-pressure cylinder may be converted into a pump driven by the high-pressure cylinder, substantially as described.

6. In a steam-engine, the combination ofthe following instrumentalities, viz: ahigh-press- 'urecylinder and a low-pressure cylinder provided with pistons and with valves to control the admission of steam into said cylinders, columns to support the said cylinders,

the column of the low-pressure cylinder being made hollow and provided with a waterinlet port, a valve in said hollow column, a

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gether, a main or crank shaft to which the pistons of the said cylinders are connected, means to connect the rock-shafts to the crankshaft, a water-port in the low-pressure cylinder communicating with the hollow column,

. a valve to control said port, and valves to control the inlet and outlet passages for the lowpressure cylinder, whereby the low-pressure cylinder maybe converted into a pump, substantially as described.

7. In a multiple-expansion engine, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a high-pressure cylinder A, a low-pressure cylinder A and an intermediate cylinder A, a bed-frame, columns A A to support the cylinders A A, and a hollow column A provided with legs 2 3 to support the low-pressure cylinder, a main or crank shaft, pistons in the said cylinders connected to vthe said crankshaft, valves to control the admission of steam into said cylinders, a rock-shaft 0, to which the valves of the cylinders A A are connected, a rock-shaft a, to which the valve of the cylinder A is connected, means to move said shaft to place the valve of the cylinder A in its central position, a clutch to couple the said shafts together, and means to operate said clutch, water-ports in the cylinder A a passage connecting one of said ports with the hollow leg 2 of the column A, a second passage to connect the other water-port to the hollow leg 3 of the said column, valves in the said hollow legs, valves b b to control the water-ports, and means to operate said valves, a valve-casing intermediate of the cylinders A A and having ports or passages connected .to the exhausts of the cylinders A A and to the inlet of the cylinder A and valves to control said passages, whereby the cylinder A may be converted into a pump, substantially as described. 1 t

8. In asteam-engine, thecombination of the following instrumentalities, viz: the steamcylinder A provided with a piston a a crankshaft to which saidv piston is connected, steamports for said cylinder, and avalve to control said ports, means to operate said valve, to cut off admission of steam to the cylinder, additional water-port-sat the opposite ends of the cylinder, and valves to control the same, a passage b, communicating with the port 19 and a passage b communicating with the port substantially as described.

9. In a steam-engine, the combination of the following instrument-alities, viz: the steamcylinder A provided with a piston a a crankshaft to which said piston is connected, steamports for said cylinder, and a valve to control said ports, means to operate said valve to cut off admission of steam to the cylinder, additional water-ports at the opposite ends of the cylinder, and valves to control the same, a passage b communicating with--the port b and a passage b communicating with the port 11 a hollow column 2, communicating with the passage b a valve Z2 in said column, a branch pipe I)", anda valve b in said branch pipe, a hollow column 3, communicat-

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