US4755423A - Laminate - Google Patents

Laminate Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US4755423A
US4755423A US07/016,239 US1623987A US4755423A US 4755423 A US4755423 A US 4755423A US 1623987 A US1623987 A US 1623987A US 4755423 A US4755423 A US 4755423A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
web
laminate
fiber web
preconsolidated
mineral
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US07/016,239
Inventor
Wolfgang Greiser
Kurt Plotz
Hans Wagner
Karl-Christian Zerfass
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoechst AG
Original Assignee
Hoechst AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19863605830 external-priority patent/DE3605830A1/en
Application filed by Hoechst AG filed Critical Hoechst AG
Assigned to HOECHST AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, D-6230 FRANKFURT AM MAIN 80, GERMANY A CORP. OF GERMANY reassignment HOECHST AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, D-6230 FRANKFURT AM MAIN 80, GERMANY A CORP. OF GERMANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: GREISER, WOLFGANG, PLOTZ, KURT, WAGNER, HANS, ZERFASS, KARL-CHRISTIAN
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US4755423A publication Critical patent/US4755423A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/12—Glass fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
    • D04H1/4218—Glass fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/498—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/593—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives to layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/732—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by fluid current, e.g. air-lay
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/02—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/04—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by applying or incorporating chemical or thermo-activatable bonding agents in solid or liquid form
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/27—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified weight per unit area [e.g., gms/sq cm, lbs/sq ft, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31815—Of bituminous or tarry residue
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/643—Including parallel strand or fiber material within the nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/644—Parallel strand or fiber material is glass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/682—Needled nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/684—Containing at least two chemically different strand or fiber materials
    • Y10T442/686—Containing polymeric and natural strand or fiber materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/696—Including strand or fiber material which is stated to have specific attributes [e.g., heat or fire resistance, chemical or solvent resistance, high absorption for aqueous compositions, water solubility, heat shrinkability, etc.]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improvement on the laminate of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 780,392, which comprises a preconsolidated synthetic fiber web and a preconsolidated mineral fiber web, which are bonded to each other by needling, and which is used as a carrier web for the manufacture of roofing and sealing webs.
  • Laminates as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 780,392 and the bitumen webs manufactured therefrom exhibit good thermomechanical properties and a distinctly improved behaviour in fire.
  • the present invention has for its object, while preserving all the advantages of the laminate described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 780,392, to improve the dimensional stability once more, including especially in the transverse direction in order to obtain even more reliability in respect of its use as a carrier web for one-ply roofing webs.
  • Glass fiber webs with reinforcing yarns made of glass have been found to be particularly suitable.
  • suitable spacings between the glass yarns are 5 to 25 mm, coupled with a count of 500 to 2500, preferably 1100, dtex. These spacings between the glass yarns need not be complied with exactly.
  • the choice of filament denier and of the spacing between the reinforcing yarns makes possible to determine the stress/strain behavior of the laminates.
  • the objective is to combine the steep initial modulus of the glass yarns which is important for use in bitumen webs with the subsequent flatter stress/strain behavior of the polyester in such a way that, ideally, a continuous transition in the stress/strain behavior is obtained.
  • the sheet of longitudinal, parallel reinforcing yarns made of glass not unexpectedly improves the thermomechanic properties of the laminate in the longitudinal direction. Surprisingly, however, the improvement in the dimensional stability in the transverse direction is distinctly more marked than in the longitudinal direction. The transverse dimensional stability is improved by a factor of 15 to 30, in particular 19 to 30.
  • the laminate according to the invention is highly suitable for use as a carrier web for roofing and sealing webs, and also for manufacturing special webs such as, for example, roll laminating webs, cold self-adhesive webs or shingles.
  • Laid roofing webs can under certain conditions (absence of wind, intensive and prolonged sunlight) reach temperatures of 70° to 80°C.
  • the dimensional change at 80° C. is to characterize the behavior of the roofing web under the temperature fluctuations on the roof, and is determined as follows:
  • test specimens Two measurement sections of 25 cm in the longitudinal and transverse directions are marked out on a piece of the roofing web (ca. 30 cm ⁇ 30 cm).
  • the test specimens are then placed for one hour in a heating cabinet which is maintained at exactly 80° C. ( ⁇ 1°C.).
  • the still soft roofing web test specimen is carefully removed from the heating cabinet together with the underlay, a narrow-mesh V2A stainless steel wire grid.
  • the test specimen is slowly picked uo simultaneously at two corners and then placed on a paper web, for example crepe paper, so that, in the course of cooling down, no impairment of a possible contraction occurs.
  • This method of measurement was developed in line with SIA standard 281 and the UEAtc guideline for roof-sealing systems. This method was also used in the examples below for determining the dimensional change.
  • the laminate according to the invention is also suitable for use as a carrier web for coating of bitumen modified with elastomers or plastomers, for sealing webs in road and bridge building and similar applications.
  • a laminate is produced in accordance with the state of the art from a polyester web having a weight per unit area of 250 g/m 2 , which has been consolidated by needling, and an unneedled glass fiber web having a weight per unit area of 50 g/m 2 .
  • the dimensional change longitudinal/transverse, measured by the method described above is -0.45/+0.32%.
  • a laminate is manufactured in accordance with U.S. patent application Ser. No. 780,392 by preconsolidating a polyester web having a weight per unit area of 160 g/m 2 by needling with a small number of stitches, needling it together with a likewise preconsolidated glass fiber web which has a weight per unit area of 60 g/m 2 and no yarn reinforcement, and finally consolidating with a customary binder.
  • the dimensional change longitudinal/transverse, measured by the method described above, is -0.44/+0.19%.
  • a laminate according to the invention is manufactured by preconsolidating a polyester web having a weight per unit area of 280 g/m 2 by needling with a small number of stitches, needling it together with a likewise preconsolidated glass web which has a weight per unit area of 50 g/m 2 and which contains 0.6 threads/cm of a reinforcing yarn having a count of 550 dtex, and finally consolidating with a customary binder.
  • the dimensional change longitudinal/transverse, measured by the method described above, is -0.26/+0.01%.
  • a comparison of the transverse dimensional changes in the laminates of examples A and B with the transverse dimensional change of the laminate according to the invention of example C shows the surprising improvement in transverse dimensional stability by a factor of 19.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Insulating Bodies (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

Laminates, which are composed of a preconsolidated synthetic fiber web and a preconsolidated mineral fiber web, which are bonded to each other by needling, are improved in respect of their dimensional stability, in particular in the transverse direction, when the preconsolidated mineral fiber wet contains reinforcing yarns of a mineral material and extending in the longitudinal direction.
They are preferably used as carrier web for roofing and sealing webs.

Description

The present invention relates to an improvement on the laminate of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 780,392, which comprises a preconsolidated synthetic fiber web and a preconsolidated mineral fiber web, which are bonded to each other by needling, and which is used as a carrier web for the manufacture of roofing and sealing webs.
Laminates as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 780,392 and the bitumen webs manufactured therefrom exhibit good thermomechanical properties and a distinctly improved behaviour in fire. The low dimensional change values of 0.2 to 0.5% even permit a one-ply laying of bitumen webs on the roof.
The present invention has for its object, while preserving all the advantages of the laminate described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 780,392, to improve the dimensional stability once more, including especially in the transverse direction in order to obtain even more reliability in respect of its use as a carrier web for one-ply roofing webs.
Surprisingly, a distinct improvement in dimensional stability in the transverse direction is obtained by using a preconsolidated mineral fiber web which contains mineral reinforcing yarns in the longitudinal direction.
Glass fiber webs with reinforcing yarns made of glass have been found to be particularly suitable.
Individual and total counts of these reinforcing yarns are adapted to the particular stated object, as is the spacing between the longitudinal reinforcing yarns.
In the customary and preferred application area as also described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 780,392, i.e. with weights per unit areas of the polymer web of from 50 to 350 g/m2 and from 10 to 100 g/m2 for the glass fiber web, suitable spacings between the glass yarns are 5 to 25 mm, coupled with a count of 500 to 2500, preferably 1100, dtex. These spacings between the glass yarns need not be complied with exactly.
The choice of filament denier and of the spacing between the reinforcing yarns makes possible to determine the stress/strain behavior of the laminates. Here the objective is to combine the steep initial modulus of the glass yarns which is important for use in bitumen webs with the subsequent flatter stress/strain behavior of the polyester in such a way that, ideally, a continuous transition in the stress/strain behavior is obtained.
The sheet of longitudinal, parallel reinforcing yarns made of glass not unexpectedly improves the thermomechanic properties of the laminate in the longitudinal direction. Surprisingly, however, the improvement in the dimensional stability in the transverse direction is distinctly more marked than in the longitudinal direction. The transverse dimensional stability is improved by a factor of 15 to 30, in particular 19 to 30.
Particularly preferred embodiments of the present invention have the features specified in claims 2 to 6.
The laminate according to the invention is highly suitable for use as a carrier web for roofing and sealing webs, and also for manufacturing special webs such as, for example, roll laminating webs, cold self-adhesive webs or shingles.
Laid roofing webs can under certain conditions (absence of wind, intensive and prolonged sunlight) reach temperatures of 70° to 80°C.
The dimensional change at 80° C. is to characterize the behavior of the roofing web under the temperature fluctuations on the roof, and is determined as follows:
Two measurement sections of 25 cm in the longitudinal and transverse directions are marked out on a piece of the roofing web (ca. 30 cm×30 cm). The test specimens are then placed for one hour in a heating cabinet which is maintained at exactly 80° C. (±1°C.). After the heat treatment, the still soft roofing web test specimen is carefully removed from the heating cabinet together with the underlay, a narrow-mesh V2A stainless steel wire grid. The test specimen is slowly picked uo simultaneously at two corners and then placed on a paper web, for example crepe paper, so that, in the course of cooling down, no impairment of a possible contraction occurs.
After 1 hour of cooling, the distances between the marks are determined, and the changes--relative to the original distances--are quoted in percent.
This method of measurement was developed in line with SIA standard 281 and the UEAtc guideline for roof-sealing systems. This method was also used in the examples below for determining the dimensional change.
The examples below demonstrate the advantages of the laminate according to the invention as a carrier web for bitumen webs. However, the laminate according to the invention is also suitable for use as a carrier web for coating of bitumen modified with elastomers or plastomers, for sealing webs in road and bridge building and similar applications.
EXAMPLES
(A) A laminate is produced in accordance with the state of the art from a polyester web having a weight per unit area of 250 g/m2 , which has been consolidated by needling, and an unneedled glass fiber web having a weight per unit area of 50 g/m2 . The dimensional change longitudinal/transverse, measured by the method described above is -0.45/+0.32%.
(B) A laminate is manufactured in accordance with U.S. patent application Ser. No. 780,392 by preconsolidating a polyester web having a weight per unit area of 160 g/m2 by needling with a small number of stitches, needling it together with a likewise preconsolidated glass fiber web which has a weight per unit area of 60 g/m2 and no yarn reinforcement, and finally consolidating with a customary binder. The dimensional change longitudinal/transverse, measured by the method described above, is -0.44/+0.19%.
(C) A laminate according to the invention is manufactured by preconsolidating a polyester web having a weight per unit area of 280 g/m2 by needling with a small number of stitches, needling it together with a likewise preconsolidated glass web which has a weight per unit area of 50 g/m2 and which contains 0.6 threads/cm of a reinforcing yarn having a count of 550 dtex, and finally consolidating with a customary binder. The dimensional change longitudinal/transverse, measured by the method described above, is -0.26/+0.01%.
A comparison of the transverse dimensional changes in the laminates of examples A and B with the transverse dimensional change of the laminate according to the invention of example C shows the surprising improvement in transverse dimensional stability by a factor of 19.

Claims (7)

We claim:
1. A laminate, having improved dimensional stability and fire resistance and being preferably applied as a carrier web for roofing sheets, comprising the combination of a preconsolidated synthetic fiber web and a preconsolidated mineral fiber web, which are bonded to each other by needling, wherein the mineral fiber web contains longitudinal reinforcing yarns made of a mineral material.
2. The laminate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the synthetic fiber web comprises polyethylene terephthalate fibers.
3. The laminate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the synthetic fiber web is a filament web which has been preconsolidated in a conventional manner.
4. The laminate as claimed in claim 3, wherein the weight per unit area of the filament web is 50 to 350 g/m2 coupled with a filament denier of 3 to 8 dtex.
5. The laminate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mineral fiber web is a wet-laid staple fiber web.
6. The laminate as claimed in claim 5, wherein the mineral fiber web has a weight per unit area between 30 and 60 g/m2.
7. Use of the laminate of claim 1 as a carrier web for roofing and sealing webs.
US07/016,239 1986-02-22 1987-02-19 Laminate Expired - Fee Related US4755423A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863605830 DE3605830A1 (en) 1984-09-28 1986-02-22 Layered product
DE3605830 1986-02-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4755423A true US4755423A (en) 1988-07-05

Family

ID=6294779

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US07/016,239 Expired - Fee Related US4755423A (en) 1986-02-22 1987-02-19 Laminate

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4755423A (en)
EP (1) EP0242524B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2609242B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE94922T1 (en)
AU (1) AU6911287A (en)
CA (1) CA1275901C (en)
FI (1) FI89189C (en)
NO (1) NO169397C (en)
ZA (1) ZA871245B (en)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4842929A (en) * 1987-03-02 1989-06-27 Asten Group, Inc. Papermaker's wet press felt with predensified batt thereon
US4931358A (en) * 1987-12-09 1990-06-05 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Fiber-reinforced thermoplastic panels
GB2226054A (en) * 1988-12-13 1990-06-20 Rhone Poulenc Fibres Substance based on a nonwoven sheet made of chemical textile and process for its manufacture
US4964891A (en) * 1988-11-13 1990-10-23 Ppg Industries, Inc. Programmably controlled fiber glass strand feeders and improved methods for making glass fiber mats
US5017426A (en) * 1984-09-28 1991-05-21 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Laminate
US5171629A (en) * 1989-01-17 1992-12-15 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Flame-resistant carrier web for bitumen webs and a process for its production
US5175042A (en) * 1989-06-16 1992-12-29 Establissements Les Fils D'auguste Chomarat Et Cie Multilayer textile composites based on fibrous sheets having different characteristics
US5290522A (en) * 1993-01-07 1994-03-01 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Catalytic converter mounting mat
US5314556A (en) * 1990-05-08 1994-05-24 Bay Mills Limited Process for manufacturing reinforced roofing membranes
US5380580A (en) * 1993-01-07 1995-01-10 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Flexible nonwoven mat
US5616395A (en) * 1994-02-10 1997-04-01 Freudenberg Spunweb S.A. Process for the production of two-layer textile reinforcement adapted for the production of bituminous sealing sheets for roofing and reinforcement thus obtained
EP1046742A1 (en) * 1999-04-23 2000-10-25 Wattex Carrier for bituminous lengths
US6235657B1 (en) * 1992-05-30 2001-05-22 Johns Manville International, Inc. Laminate with web and laid components
WO2001009420A3 (en) * 1999-07-30 2001-08-23 Johns Manville Int Inc Non-woven laminate composite
WO2004071760A1 (en) * 2003-02-11 2004-08-26 Saint-Gobain Vetrotex France S.A. Complex comprising a drylaid veil of glass fibres, and a nonwoven fabric of organic fibres
US20050056029A1 (en) * 2002-07-20 2005-03-17 Maisotsenko Valeriy Stepanovich Evaporative duplex counterheat exchanger
US10982441B2 (en) 2018-03-09 2021-04-20 Tamko Building Products, Llc Multiple layer substrate for roofing materials

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3831271A1 (en) * 1988-09-14 1990-03-15 Hoechst Ag CARRIER RAIL FOR ROOF COVERING
DE4008043A1 (en) * 1990-03-14 1991-09-19 Hoechst Ag TRAILER RAIL FOR ROOF TENSION RAILWAYS
US5474838A (en) * 1994-02-22 1995-12-12 Milliken Research Corporation Roofing membrane comprising fiberglass scrim stitched to a polyester mat
DE19618775A1 (en) * 1996-05-10 1997-11-13 Hoechst Trevira Gmbh & Co Kg Carrier insert, process for its production and its use
DE19952432B4 (en) * 1999-10-30 2004-10-07 Johns Manville International, Inc., Denver laminate
DE19935531C2 (en) * 1999-07-30 2001-11-29 Johns Manville Int Inc Two-layer laminate
DE10151411B4 (en) * 2001-10-18 2006-09-14 Johns Manville Europe Gmbh Laminate with improved properties

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2910763A (en) * 1955-08-17 1959-11-03 Du Pont Felt-like products
US3975565A (en) * 1973-10-30 1976-08-17 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Fibrous structure
US4135029A (en) * 1976-04-29 1979-01-16 Consolidated Fiberglass Products Co. Fiberglass mat
US4230762A (en) * 1978-07-24 1980-10-28 Mitsui Petrochemical Industries Ltd. Asphalt water-proofing material
US4464429A (en) * 1981-10-20 1984-08-07 Societe Nationale Industrielle Aerospatiale Semi-finished product based on fibers preimpregnated with polymerizable resin
US4522876A (en) * 1984-07-05 1985-06-11 Lydall, Inc. Integral textile composite fabric

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3125404A (en) * 1964-03-17 Tensile strength
DE3435643A1 (en) 1984-09-28 1986-04-10 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt LAMINATE

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2910763A (en) * 1955-08-17 1959-11-03 Du Pont Felt-like products
US3975565A (en) * 1973-10-30 1976-08-17 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Fibrous structure
US4135029A (en) * 1976-04-29 1979-01-16 Consolidated Fiberglass Products Co. Fiberglass mat
US4230762A (en) * 1978-07-24 1980-10-28 Mitsui Petrochemical Industries Ltd. Asphalt water-proofing material
US4464429A (en) * 1981-10-20 1984-08-07 Societe Nationale Industrielle Aerospatiale Semi-finished product based on fibers preimpregnated with polymerizable resin
US4522876A (en) * 1984-07-05 1985-06-11 Lydall, Inc. Integral textile composite fabric

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5017426A (en) * 1984-09-28 1991-05-21 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Laminate
US4842929A (en) * 1987-03-02 1989-06-27 Asten Group, Inc. Papermaker's wet press felt with predensified batt thereon
US4931358A (en) * 1987-12-09 1990-06-05 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Fiber-reinforced thermoplastic panels
US4964891A (en) * 1988-11-13 1990-10-23 Ppg Industries, Inc. Programmably controlled fiber glass strand feeders and improved methods for making glass fiber mats
GB2226054B (en) * 1988-12-13 1992-08-12 Rhone Poulenc Fibres Substrate based on a nonwoven sheet made of chemical textile and its manufacture
US5118550A (en) * 1988-12-13 1992-06-02 Rhone Poulenc Fibres Substrate based on a nonwoven sheet made of chemical textile
GB2226054A (en) * 1988-12-13 1990-06-20 Rhone Poulenc Fibres Substance based on a nonwoven sheet made of chemical textile and process for its manufacture
US5171629A (en) * 1989-01-17 1992-12-15 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Flame-resistant carrier web for bitumen webs and a process for its production
US5175042A (en) * 1989-06-16 1992-12-29 Establissements Les Fils D'auguste Chomarat Et Cie Multilayer textile composites based on fibrous sheets having different characteristics
US5314556A (en) * 1990-05-08 1994-05-24 Bay Mills Limited Process for manufacturing reinforced roofing membranes
US5439726A (en) * 1990-05-08 1995-08-08 Bay Mills Limited Bituminous roofing membrane including a lightweight grid and over-under construction
US5593766A (en) * 1990-05-08 1997-01-14 Bay Mills Limited Composite for reinforcing bituminous roofing membranes including a lightweight grid of over-under construction
US6235657B1 (en) * 1992-05-30 2001-05-22 Johns Manville International, Inc. Laminate with web and laid components
US5290522A (en) * 1993-01-07 1994-03-01 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Catalytic converter mounting mat
US5380580A (en) * 1993-01-07 1995-01-10 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Flexible nonwoven mat
US5616395A (en) * 1994-02-10 1997-04-01 Freudenberg Spunweb S.A. Process for the production of two-layer textile reinforcement adapted for the production of bituminous sealing sheets for roofing and reinforcement thus obtained
EP1046742A1 (en) * 1999-04-23 2000-10-25 Wattex Carrier for bituminous lengths
WO2001009420A3 (en) * 1999-07-30 2001-08-23 Johns Manville Int Inc Non-woven laminate composite
US6412154B1 (en) 1999-07-30 2002-07-02 Johns Manville International, Inc. Hydrodynamically bounded carrier webs and use thereof
US6630046B1 (en) 1999-07-30 2003-10-07 Johns Manville International, Inc. Method of making wall and floor coverings
US7199065B1 (en) 1999-07-30 2007-04-03 Johns Manville Non-woven laminate composite
US20050056029A1 (en) * 2002-07-20 2005-03-17 Maisotsenko Valeriy Stepanovich Evaporative duplex counterheat exchanger
US20070004305A1 (en) * 2003-02-11 2007-01-04 Saint-Gobain Vetrotex France S.A. Complex comprising a drylaid veil of glass fibres, and a nonwoven fabric of organic fibres
WO2004071760A1 (en) * 2003-02-11 2004-08-26 Saint-Gobain Vetrotex France S.A. Complex comprising a drylaid veil of glass fibres, and a nonwoven fabric of organic fibres
US7412756B2 (en) 2003-02-11 2008-08-19 Saint-Gobain Vetrotex France S.A. Complex comprising a drylaid veil of glass fibres, and a nonwoven fabric of organic fibres
US20080274659A1 (en) * 2003-02-11 2008-11-06 Saint-Gobain Vetrotex France S.A Complex comprising a drylaid veil of glass fibres, and a nonwoven fabric of organic fibres
US7669303B2 (en) 2003-02-11 2010-03-02 Saint-Gobain Technical Fabrics Europe Complex comprising a drylaid veil of glass fibres, and a nonwoven fabric of organic fibres
US20100119795A1 (en) * 2003-02-11 2010-05-13 Saint-Gobain Technical Fabrics Europe Complex comprising a drylaid veil of glass fibres, and a nonwoven fabric of organic fibres
US10982441B2 (en) 2018-03-09 2021-04-20 Tamko Building Products, Llc Multiple layer substrate for roofing materials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO870683D0 (en) 1987-02-20
JPS62199861A (en) 1987-09-03
NO870683L (en) 1987-08-24
EP0242524B1 (en) 1993-09-22
FI89189C (en) 1994-07-12
NO169397B (en) 1992-03-09
CA1275901C (en) 1990-11-06
EP0242524A2 (en) 1987-10-28
FI89189B (en) 1993-05-14
FI870512A0 (en) 1987-02-09
JP2609242B2 (en) 1997-05-14
EP0242524A3 (en) 1989-10-18
NO169397C (en) 1992-06-17
FI870512A (en) 1987-08-23
AU6911287A (en) 1987-08-27
ATE94922T1 (en) 1993-10-15
ZA871245B (en) 1987-08-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4755423A (en) Laminate
CA1208870A (en) Reinforcing composite for roofing membranes and process for making such composites
US4287248A (en) Bituminized roof sheet
DE3605830A1 (en) Layered product
EP1200659B1 (en) Non-woven laminate composite
CA1243591A (en) Reinforcing composite for roofing membranes and process for making such composites
US6436510B1 (en) Low-flammability shingle
GB2111860A (en) Roofing and sealing strip
EP0905302B1 (en) Translucent polymeric composite for use in an architectural load-bearing structure
KR20070116279A (en) Thermally bound non-woven material
EP2640883A1 (en) Reinforced textile support with cellulosic fiber multi-filaments, particularly for bituminous membranes
US20030124932A1 (en) Glass fibre mat and use thereof for built-up roofing
EP3860846B1 (en) Flame-resistant composite substrates for bituminous membranes
KR0149674B1 (en) Thermally stable, melting-binder-strengthened nonwoven web method for making the same
ZA200208666B (en) Cut resistant fabric for protective textiles.
CH686370A5 (en) Plastic sheet.
NO813937L (en) GLASS FIBER MATS SUITABLE FOR BUILT-IN ROOF MEMBRANES
DE9200432U1 (en) Underlayment
JPS5982496A (en) Synthetic paper for stainless buffer material
EP1838530A1 (en) A method for manufacturing a material web which reflects heat radiation and a material web
TH22656A (en) Non-woven fiber sheet / Film that is mechanically adapted
CZ210292A3 (en) High-module integrated textile
TH13393B (en) Non-woven fiber sheet / Film that is mechanically adapted

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: HOECHST AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, D-6230 FRANKFURT AM MA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:GREISER, WOLFGANG;PLOTZ, KURT;WAGNER, HANS;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:004673/0183

Effective date: 19870126

FEPP Fee payment procedure

Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

FPAY Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 4

REMI Maintenance fee reminder mailed
LAPS Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
FP Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee

Effective date: 19960710

STCH Information on status: patent discontinuation

Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362