US473857A - Eugene c - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

E. 0. SMITH. LOCK.

(No Model.)

Patented Apr. 26, 1 892.

WITNESSES:

ATTORNEY.

ma uonms vz'rzns co, mom-mum, vusmucmu. a. c.

- 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

' E. 0. SMITH.

LOCK.

No. 473,857. Patented Apr. 26, 1892.

WITNESSES:

$2 Wm @Jwwvv ATTORNEY.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EUGENE C. SMITH, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE UNIVERSAL LOCK COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 473,857, dated April 26, 1892 Application filed March 5, 1890.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EUGENE C. SMITH, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Locks, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to combination-locks, and particularly to certain improvements in the locks patented to me, numbered 414,261 and 418,476, and dated November 5, 1889, and December 31, 1889, respectively; and the purpose of my improvement is to give additional security to the lock.

The lock is of the class which employ an angular shiftable locking-bar, which looks the tumblers both in their locked and their unlocked positions; and my improvement consists in forming each tumbler with an auxiliary surface, so placed with reference to the locking-arm of the loeking-bar that any motion communicated to the unlocked tumblers in an attempt to surreptitiously open the lock will cause the aforesaid auxiliary surface to hold the locking-bar, so that the locked tumblers cannot be freed to open the look. I also provide means actuated by the locking-bar for preventing the Withdrawal of the bolt.

Referring to the drawings which accompany this specification to aid in the description, Figure 1 is a plan view looking down on the tumblers. The lock-casing is removed in order to show the mechanism, and all the tumblers are shown in the unlocked position. Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1, except that certain of the tumblers and the locking-bar are shown in the locked position. Fig. 3 is a View of the locking-bar and an unlocked tumbler. Fig. 4 is a View of one certain key. Fig. 5 is a View of a tumbler, bolt, lockingbar, and locking-lever in the locked position. Fig.6 shows the same parts as Fig. 5, except the tumbler, and in thelocked position. Fig. 7 shows same parts as Fig. 6, but in the unlocked position. Fig. 8 is an end view of the locking-bar, showing the arm on the lockingbar and the locking-lever.

As hereinbefore stated, the present invention pertains to'an improvement in the locks shown in the patents to me. The mechanism as a whole is therein fully described, and refer- Serial No. 342,693. (No model.)

ence to the said patents is herein expressly made. The present description will there fore be confined principally to the improvement now in question, reference being made to the other parts of the look only in so far as is necessary to explain the nature and application of the improvement.

In thelock are a series of shiftable tumblers A all of the same size and the same shape, which is preferably approximately circular. These tumblers A turn on a pin B, which is fixed in the lock-case, and each tumbler has a projection a, which engages with the arms 0 d of a shiftable locking-bar C. This lockingbar extends across the edge of all the tumblers A, so as to engage with the projection a of each tumbler, and the said locking-bar C turns upon an axis D. The said locking-bar is formed with arms 0 cl, which engage with the aforesaid projections a after the manner of toothed wheels. The back of the lockingbar 0 is formed with surfaces cl d which are pressed by springs E in the several positions of the locking-bar, as seen in the drawings. W'ashers may be placed between the tumblers A in the usual manner.

In addition to the projections a aforesaid each tumbler A has an auxiliary surface a, which is adapted to just pass freely under the arm 0 of the locking-bar O, as seen in Fig. 3. This surface a may be shaped as a tooth or as a cam and may be used to prevent the return of the bolt, as hereinafter described, or an independent lever may be used for this latter purpose, as will be explained hereinafter.

Each tumbler A has a true key-slot a false key-slots a (1. recesses of a for the ends of tumbler-springs F, and when required a depression a to receive the bolt-stump g when the bolt G is drawn back. The said bolt Gis guided by slots 9' and pins H H, and the pin I-I may also be used to limit the motion of the tumblers A by engaging against the surface a on the said tumblers, as is clearly shown in Fig. 2. In the bolt-slide are recesses '1; j, which receive the end of a bolt-spring K and also a talon to be engaged by the end bit Z of a key L. This key is aflat sheet-metal key, which turns in a slotted key-cylinder M IOO S is a stop for the purpose of limiting the motion of the tumblers in the directionof .the arrow on Fig. 2.

The aforesaid auxiliary surface 0. of the tumbler A is placed on the tumbler so that itisjust clear of the armc of thelocking-bar C when-tlrat certain itumblery-Ais in the un.-' locked position, This relationof the-surface often-thearmwc iscclearly' shown in: Fig.1. The, aforesaid armc of the locking-bar Ods termed the-flock-ing-armfi on account of its function of locking. the saidwlocking-barland the .tumblefrs, as is- -to -be immediately described-.--

Thewperation ofrmyrimprovement is as followszySu-ppose all the tumblersA to be in the unlockedposition shown inFig. 1 and.the lock-to be open. If now a key be inserted and turned-to lock in the direction of the arrow,- Fig. ;1, its'end bit will first shoot thebolt and its other bits will then shift-the certain combinationofztumblers to thelocked position of Fig; .2, the. other tumblers remaining in the unlockedposition, as indicated bythedotted lines-of 2. The surfaced of. the locked tumblers will now have passed behindthe bolt-stump g, thereby preventing thewithdrawal' of. the-bolt G,.and the projections a of thesaid. locked tumblers will have turned the locking-barO to theposition shown in Fig. 2,"

wherein the said projections Cb are under the locking arm-c. The lock is now locked, and the key maybe turned to the slot in the case and-withdrawn. made to openthe look by a blank or a pick. Thelocked tumblers cannot be-moved in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 1, because of the pin H engaging. against the side ofthe surface a, and the unlocked tumblerscannot be i moved in that direction because the projections a of such tumblers engage against the arm-def the locking-bar 0. Again, if the pick-.or'blank move the tumblers in the direction ofthe arrow, Fig. 2, certain locked and unlocked tumblers will be simultaneouslyimovedagainst the side of the arm at of thesaid locking-bar O; butin this position the surface a of such unlockedtumblers as were moved will come under. the locking-arm c, as shown in Fig.3, and the surface a will resist the effort of theteeth 0/, to rotate the locking-bar O and suffer the locked tumblers to return toEthe unlocked position. Thus the auxiliary surface a acts in combination with the locking-arm c to prevent the opening of the look by any means, except the Very key Suppose now an attempt bewhich looked the lock or its exact duplicate. The same amount of play may be given between the arm d and the projections a of the locked tumblers as between the said arm (1 and the surface a of the unlocked tumblers, (see-Fig. 2,) and also the same play may be given between the projections CL of the unlocked tumblers and the arm 01, Fig. 2, as between the pin H and the surface a of the locked tumblers. (See Fig. 2.) Thus in feeling with a pick every tumbler has the same freedom of motion in each direction as every other tumbler hasin the samedirection, and no indication is given as to which are the locked or the unlocked tumblers.

Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8 show a modification of the means for preventingw .thesreturn of the bolt. At oneiend of the locking-hart? is formed a projection or cameo. In the drawin-gszthis cam 0 isshown asia projection or lug extending radiall-ywfrom the locking-bar axis'iD to the'circumference'of'thesaidlbckingrbargibut it is evident it'mayalso be variously situated-as, for example, a .proj ection=from the side of thelocking-bar; Adjacent to; the-said looking-bar. C is a bent. lever P, pivoted to. the-case at p and hayingv arms pc 19 which are placed to be-actuated by thecam 0 dur ing the movement of the locking-ban 0, as

hereinbefore described. The camp acts on thearm' p in such a m-anner-thatwhenthe lock is locked, as:hereinbeforedescribed,.the

saidarm 19' will have ibeen-pushedby the camq-o behindtheshoulderq of. the bolnG,

thus preventing the withdrawal of ,thebolt. The extreme end surface'of the lever 19; and the corresponding, surface'of the shoulderq may be formed as arcs of circles struck from the pivot. 19 asa center, sothat if the=bolt-G=fisthrust back upon the lever p the-pressure will be communicated directly-to the-pivot-p. In unlocking, the'locking-bar 1G -:is shiftedubefore the key begins to drawthebolt, and the cam 0, actingonthe lever-armp moves the lever P, so that the arm p'is lifted clear of the shoulder qyand the key can then-draw the bolt, as shown in Fig. 7.

The lock may be made eit-heras a padlock,-

in which case the bolt Gwill-engagewitha socket in a shackle in theusualrzmanner, or it maybemadeas a flat lock for doors or drawers, 850., and'the improvement is applicableeithcr to a lock having a single set of tumblers, as in Patent No. 414,261, before referred to,or to a lock having two sets of tumblers, as in No. 418,476, also before referred/co.

I claim- 1. The combination, in a lock,,of a shiftable locking-bar having an integral-locking-arm and tumblers, each havinga projection adapted to shift said locking-bar, and also'an auxiliary projection adaptedto engage with said locking-arm and prevent moving the lockingbar, as described..-

2. In a lock,ashiftable locking-bar having a projection adapted to actuate a bolt-restraining lever, as described.

3. The e0mbinati0n,in a lock, of a shiftable adapted to prevent the withdrawal of the bolt,

bolt, a shiftable locking-bar, and a bolt-reas described. 10 straining lever adapted to be actuated by the In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my locking-bar, as described. hand this 28th day of February, 1890.

5 4E. The combination ln a lock, of a shiftable EUGENE 0. SMITH.

locking-bar having a projection and a lever Witnesses: having an arm adapted to be actuated by the CHAS. S. LONGHURST,

projection on the locking-bar, and an arm HUDSON CAMPBELL.

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