US470040A - Apparatus for the manufacture of gas - Google Patents
Apparatus for the manufacture of gas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US470040A US470040A US470040DA US470040A US 470040 A US470040 A US 470040A US 470040D A US470040D A US 470040DA US 470040 A US470040 A US 470040A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- steam
- gas
- lime
- manufacture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 20
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 20
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 20
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 206010044334 Trance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium monoxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001145 hydrido group Chemical group *[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/384—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts the catalyst being continuously externally heated
Definitions
- My invention relates to improvements in ap- Io paratus for the manufacture of gas, the object being to provide an improved construction of the same, whereby I secure superior results with respect to efficiency in operation.
- the invention consists in the novel 0011- struction and combination of parts hereinafter fully described.
- a pipe 2 inserted through one end of the case near the lower side thereof.
- the temperature of the superheated steam should be from 700 or 800 Fahrenheit.
- an inclined plate 3 constructed to direct the steam toward the upperside of the case.
- a hopper 4 having its lower end projecting into the case or chamber, is arranged near the front end 3 5 thereof, and into this hopper is charged a mixture of any suitable hydrocarbon oil and lime in such proportions, preferably, as will form a thick pasty mass, which is forced out of the end of the hopper into'the chamber by 40 means of a worm 6 or other suitable means.
- the lime used is that which contains a large percentage of oxide or caustic lime, (OaO,) although lime containing-a large percentage of carbonate (OaOO may be employed, be- 5 cause upon passing through the heated zone of the furnace the carbonic acid is driven off, leavingoxide of lime to effect the decomposition or changes required, and then as it passes to the cooler parts of the furnace it 5o absorbs the 00,, forming carbonate of lime,
- the hopper is so arranged that the mixed lime and oil will drop into the stream of superheated steam as it enters the chamber. Thissuperheatedsteambycontact with the oil will be separated into its constituent elements-hydrogen and oxygen-and these elements, combining with the constituents of the vaporized oil, will form carbonic oxide, (OO,) carbonic acid, (00 and a light hydrocarbon gas. As these gases pass along through the chamber under the impetus of the entering jetof steam, the carbonic-acid gas will combine with the lime, forming CaGO or carbonate of lime, which will fall to the bot- I tom of the chamber. The other gases-to wit, 1 carbonic oxide, hydrocarbon gas, and hydro genwill escape from the chamber by the pipe 7 and may be conducted bysuitable conduits to a reservoir for the desired points of use.
- a series of doors 8 through which carbonate of lime may be removed from the chamber.
- steam-pipes 9 and 10 are inserted through the walls of the chamber, through which superheated steam may be introduced in case the quantity of oil introduced through the chute is too large to admit of its proper decomposition or separation by the steam introduced through the pipe 2.
- wet steam may be introduced through one of the pipes 9 and 10 in order to cause the carbonate of lime to settle more quickly and prevent its being drawn from the chamber through the exit-pipe for gas.
- a jet or stream. of highly-heated air may be forced into the chamber through a pipe 11, which is so arranged with reference to the steam-pipe 2 that the entering air will mingle with the steam as it enters the chamber.
Description
' (No Model.)
J. 'A. DUBBS. 0 APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFAGTURE 0F G'AS- No. 470,040. Patented Mar. 1, 1892.
7 lW/l Q y N r' F i: 5
WITNESSES:
INVENTOR,
Att'
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
JESSE A. DUBBS, OF ALLEGHENY, ASSIGNOR. OF THREE-FOURTHS TO SAMUEL M. BOYD, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.
APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE'OF GAS.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 470,040, dated March 1, 1892.
Application filed May 26, 1891. Serial No. 394,140. (No model.)
To aZZ whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, JESSE A. DUBBS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Allegheny, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented or discovered certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Gas, of which improvements the following is a specification.
My invention relates to improvements in ap- Io paratus for the manufacture of gas, the object being to provide an improved construction of the same, whereby I secure superior results with respect to efficiency in operation.
The invention consists in the novel 0011- struction and combination of parts hereinafter fully described.
The accompanying drawing represents a sectional elevation of an apparatus constructed in accordance with my invention.
In the practice of the invention highly-superheated steam at a temperature sufficien tly high to be decomposed when brought into contact with oil is introduced into a shell 1, formed of brick or any other suitable material, by
means of a pipe 2, inserted through one end of the case near the lower side thereof. The temperature of the superheated steam should be from 700 or 800 Fahrenheit. Inside of the case, at a short distance from the point of en- 0 trance of the steam, is arranged an inclined plate 3, constructed to direct the steam toward the upperside of the case. A hopper 4, having its lower end projecting into the case or chamber, is arranged near the front end 3 5 thereof, and into this hopper is charged a mixture of any suitable hydrocarbon oil and lime in such proportions, preferably, as will form a thick pasty mass, which is forced out of the end of the hopper into'the chamber by 40 means of a worm 6 or other suitable means. The lime used is that which contains a large percentage of oxide or caustic lime, (OaO,) although lime containing-a large percentage of carbonate (OaOO may be employed, be- 5 cause upon passing through the heated zone of the furnace the carbonic acid is driven off, leavingoxide of lime to effect the decomposition or changes required, and then as it passes to the cooler parts of the furnace it 5o absorbs the 00,, forming carbonate of lime,
thus leaving the fixed gases practically free from C0,. The hopper is so arranged that the mixed lime and oil will drop into the stream of superheated steam as it enters the chamber. Thissuperheatedsteambycontact with the oil will be separated into its constituent elements-hydrogen and oxygen-and these elements, combining with the constituents of the vaporized oil, will form carbonic oxide, (OO,) carbonic acid, (00 and a light hydrocarbon gas. As these gases pass along through the chamber under the impetus of the entering jetof steam, the carbonic-acid gas will combine with the lime, forming CaGO or carbonate of lime, which will fall to the bot- I tom of the chamber. The other gases-to wit, 1 carbonic oxide, hydrocarbon gas, and hydro genwill escape from the chamber by the pipe 7 and may be conducted bysuitable conduits to a reservoir for the desired points of use.
At suitable intervals along the case or chamber are arranged a series of doors 8, through which carbonate of lime may be removed from the chamber. At suitable intervals steam-pipes 9 and 10 are inserted through the walls of the chamber, through which superheated steam may be introduced in case the quantity of oil introduced through the chute is too large to admit of its proper decomposition or separation by the steam introduced through the pipe 2. If desired, wet steam may be introduced through one of the pipes 9 and 10 in order to cause the carbonate of lime to settle more quickly and prevent its being drawn from the chamber through the exit-pipe for gas.
In order to facilitate the separation of the steam into its constituent elements, a jet or stream. of highly-heated air may be forced into the chamber through a pipe 11, which is so arranged with reference to the steam-pipe 2 that the entering air will mingle with the steam as it enters the chamber.
I claim herein as my invention 9 5 In an apparatus for the manufacture of gas, the combination, with a rectangular chamber having a combinedair and superheated-steamjet pipe at its lower front end and an exit-pipe at its rear, of the inclined plate on the bottom I00 of said chamber, the hopper at the front up- In testimony whereof I have hereunto set per end thereof, the superheated-steam pipes my hand.
intermediate of the inclined plate and the rear of the chamber and located in the top t 5 and bottom thereof, and the series of doors in Vitnesses:
the lower part of said chamber, substantially R. HWVHITTLESEY,
as described. DARWIN S. WOLCOTT.
JESSE A. DUBBS.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US470040A true US470040A (en) | 1892-03-01 |
Family
ID=2538900
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US470040D Expired - Lifetime US470040A (en) | Apparatus for the manufacture of gas |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US470040A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1068875C (en) * | 1995-03-01 | 2001-07-25 | Dsm有限公司 | Process for preparation of epsilon-caprolactam and epsilon-caprolactam |
-
0
- US US470040D patent/US470040A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1068875C (en) * | 1995-03-01 | 2001-07-25 | Dsm有限公司 | Process for preparation of epsilon-caprolactam and epsilon-caprolactam |
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