US468486A - Executor of - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) v 2 Sheetsf-Sheet 1. yR. FOBES, Deod.

L. A.' TAYLGR, Executor. MAGHINE FOR DIGGING SEWEBS, 50.

Patented Feb. 9, 1892.

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' UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

LUCIAN' A. TAYLOR, OF VOROESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, EXEOUTOR OF RICHARD FOBES, DEOEASED.

MACHINE FOR DIGGING SEWERS, 80G.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 468,486, dated February 9, 1892. Application tiled June l, 1891. Serial No. 394,744. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that RicHARD FoBEs, deceased, late a citizen of the United States, residing at Worcester, in the county of Vtforcester and State of Massachusetts, did invent a new and useful Machine for Breaking Out or Digging Sewers and Cutting Trenches through Rocks, Hard Earth, dsc., of which the following, together with the accompanying drawings, is a speciiication sufficiently full, clear, and exact to enable persons skilled in the art to which this invention appertains to make and use the same.

The object of the present invention is to provide an efficient mechanism for use in eX- cavating trenches for sewers and other like operations, and more particularly designed for breaking up and loosening hard earth or rock, so that it can readily be removed, and to obviate the necessity of blasting with powder or other explosive compounds.

Another object is to provide in mechanism for the purpose stated a pendulous guide, in combination with a sliding drop-hammer or ram carrying a rock-cutter and means for shifting said guide for delivering the blow of the ram or hammer at such position as may be desired,

Another object is to provide in an apparatus yfor the purpose named, in combination with the ram or hammer,a pendent guide or leader havingfacilities for its extension or upward and downward adj ustmeut, whereby its point of delivery can be made to accommodate to the depth of the excavation.

These objects are attained by the mechanism illustrated and described, the particular subject-matter claimed being hereinafter definitely specified.

In the drawings, Figure l is a front view of the improved apparatus. Fig. 2 is a side view of the same. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the leader and plan of the front portion of the frame. Fig. et is a transverse horizontal section of the pendent guide or leader and sliding hammer, showing details ofk construction of the several parts; and Fig. 5 is a sectional view showing a manner for adjustably connecting the tackle-attaching band to the leader.

The improved machine is shown as applied to use in cutting a sewertrench in rock-bed.

Referring to parts, A denotes the frame or derrick, which is preferably composed of two tall timbers or standard-pieces inwardly inclined toward their top, supported at their foot on the sills c a, and suitably braced to give the desired strength and rigidity. The

sills a are suitably extended at the rear of the derrick and connected by transoms or cross-bars, so as to carry a platform for the support of the winch e or hoisting mechanism and its motor-engine E, while at the front the sills are extended, as at c3, for sustaining a rect-angular horizontal rail or bar F, that forms an open square of about eight feet diameter, more or less, as indicated in Fig. 8. Fixed to and connecting the top ends of the uprights is a horizontally-disposed cross-head or plate A about four feet (more or less) in length, to the center of which there is connected by a universal hinging joint or by loosely-linked ring-plates, as at B, a pendulous guide 0r beam O, carrying thereon a long leader or chute O', having suitable longitudinal guides c, within which is mounted a heavy cast-iron drop-hammer or rain D, weighing some two thousand pounds, more or less, and furnished at its lower end with a digging-tool or penetrator I, as indicated.

The guidebeam C is provided with a number of guards or rigid bands l), that embrace the leader O and retain it in proper relation thereto, while permitting its longitudinal adjustment up or down on the beam C, andan adjusting-chain, differential pulley, or suitable lift-er G is arranged in connection with the parts for raising and lowering the leader O', as the depth of the trench requires. The leader O is preferably formed with its vside pieces and guides built up, as shown, bolted through from front to rear and connected across laterally by flat plates or bars c2, so as to afford a free and open runway for the hammer D. This pendent leader or `guideway containing the hammer D can swing as a pendulum on its joint B in any direction, and its lower part is furnished with a band M, having hinges m at the several sides, that are connected by a series of tackles and pulley-blocks IOD L with the shiftable travelers, loops, or trolfor delivering lthe stroke of the hammer in the working. (See dotted lines, Fig. I.) The travelers f move automatically on the bars F and accommodate themselves to the swing of the -pendent guide or leader as thelatter is shifted in any direction.

The band M is best made adjustable up and down on theleader, so that its position thereon can be changed when desired. For this purpose the said band M can be secured to the leader by removable bolts or set-screws, `or preferably by arranging said band, as shown in Fig. 5, to be clamped about the leader by -means of the connecting-bolts m3 or in any equivalent manner.

' The hammer is formed with a longitudinal opening in its lower end to receive the cutting-tool I, which latter is best formed of rectangular steel about three by four inches in sectional dimension, with a square end inserted into the hammer and retained by a pin t, passed laterally through the parts. The lower end of the hammer is best rounded and provided with a wrought-iron or steel hoop (l shrunk thereon. It is grooved on its sides to match the guide-ribs c, and its upper end is furnished with a ring j or means for attachment of the lifter or wire rope J. Said rope runs over a sheave K, supported to turn in suitable bearings upon the cross-head A', and thence down to the Winch or winding-drum e.

The digging-tool I is made with a double inclined or pyramidal point for general work or for cutting in the center of the trench, and said tool, when for work at the side of the trench or breaking off the sides of the rocks, can be made witha chisel end or beveled only at one side. These tools can readily be exchanged by simply knocking out the pin or bolt d, then by slightlyraising the hammer allowing the tool to fall out, then replacing it by another tool, and reinserting the pin d.

lhe engine and winch mechanism may be of any suitable or well-known type, such as commonly employed for hoisting purposes, and therefore need not `be herein more particularly described.

The platform is best covered with a house II for inclosing and protecting the winch, engine, and boiler, as indicated, and suitable wheels w are provided, whereby the entire apparatus is mounted upon temporary rail tracks T, laid parallel with the direction of the trench-cutting, so that the apparatus can be advanced as the work progresses.

In the operation, the ground for the sewer, trench, or excavation having been selected, the temporary rail tracks T are laid down, upon which the apparatus can be advanced or run back, as the condition of the work requires. The overlying earth, if any, is removed in the usual manner down to the rock surface. The machine is then placed with its horizontal rectangular frame F about the plot 0f ground to be worked and so that the pendent guide or leader will hang over the portion of rock immediately to be excavated. The swing-tackles L are then manned and the apparat-us put into operation. The ram or ham meris drawn up to any desired height (see dotted lines Fig. l) by the aid of the engine and winch, and then by suitable release mechanism is allowed to drop, impinging the point of the digging-tool upon the rock, driving it into the same by the force or impact of the heavy hammer, and shattering and breaking up the substance by repeated blows, as may be required. The men, by aid of the tackles L, swing the lower end of the leader to one side or the other (see dotted lines, Fig. 1,) or backwardor forward for directing the ram and digging-tool to any position desired, so as to deliver one or more blows in a place, changing the position of impingement as the different parts of the rock become crumbled and broken away, thereby working up the material into fragments in a very efficient, economical, and expeditious manner. When the upper strata have been sufliciently broken up, the pendent guide is swung out of the way and the mass of the debris is removed from the trench down to the unbroken strata. The adjustable part C of the leader is then lowered to accommodate the increased depth of the trench, and the breaking-up process is again repeated, as above described, thus proceeding by stages until the required depth of excavation is attained, the apparatus being moved along the tracks as the excavation of the trench advances. rIhe swinging action of the pendent guide or leader affords facility for delivering the stroke at any point where it will be most effective, while the upward and downward adj ustmentof the leader brings the guides and hammer into the most desirable relation, according to the stage or depth of working at any time.

I claim as said RICHARD FOBESS invention herein to be secured by Letters Patent- 1. In a machine for the purposes specified, a pendulous guide and leader having the drop or hammer arranged to slide in the said leader, carrying at its lower end the removable rockcutter or digging-tool, in combination with the overhanging support to which the upper end of said guide is tleXibly connected, and means, substantiallyT as described, for operating said hammer, substantially as set forth.

2. In a machine for the purpose specified, the combination, substantially as described, of the upright supporting-frame, the pendent leader or guide connected thereto by a univer sal hinge, a ram or hammer carrying the rock-v cutter or digging-tool at its lower end and Iitted to slide in said leader, the lifter-rope and hoisting mechanism for raising said hammer, and means for swinging the lower end of said guide to different positions, substann tially as and for the purpose set forth.

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3. The combination, substantially as de- Y scribed, of the supporting-frame, the pendent guide-frame universally hinged thereto, the

longitudinally-adjustable leader mounted on said guide-frame, mea-ns for effecting and holding the endwise adjustment of said leader, the drop or hammer arrangedv to slide Within said leader and carrying the rock-cutting tool, and the lifter-rope, guide-sheave, and winding-drum for raisingsaid hammer, as set forth.

4. The co mbination, with the guiding-leader having longitudinal guides therein, of the hammeriitted to slide in said guides and provided at its lower end with the reinforce-hoop and having the rock-cutter or digging-tool I removably supported in an opening in the hammer-body and confined by a bolt or pin i, and the rope and Winding mechanism for lifting and dropping said hammer, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination, substantially as described, of a pendent swinging guide or leader C C', universally jointed to the overhead supporting-frame, the ram or hammer D, carrying the rock-cutting tool I, arranged to slide in said swinging guide, the horizontal curbbars at the lower part of the frame, theseries of tackles L, attached to said swinging guide at different sides thereof and to loops or trolleys f on the respective curb-bars, and means, as described, for raising and dropping said hammer, for the purposes set forth.

6. The pendent guide-frame C, having the bands Z), the hammer guide or leader C', composed of side pieces and guide-ribs c, connected by the cross-bars c2, supported lby and endwise adjustable Within said guide-frame bands, and the adj ustingchain G, connecting said leader and its guide-frame, in combination with the hammer D, carrying the cuttingtool I,l and the supporting-frame A A', substantially as set forth. A

7. The combination, With the pendulous guide-frame having the Vendwise-adjustable leader C', the curb-bars F, and swing-tackles L, of the hoop or band M, with the attaching devices m, adapted for adj ustmentup or down on said leader, for the purposes set forth.

Witness my hand this 22d day of May, A. D.

LUCIAN A. TAYLOR, Execute?" of the will of Richard Fobes, cleceased. Vitnesses:

CHAs. H. BURLEIGH, ELLA P. BLENUs.

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