US468401A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-sheet 1. F. KERNAN, Jr. 8v W. H. LANDBRS.

FURNAGE. No. 468,401. ll-l` Pa-tented Pe'b. 9, 1892.

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| l .2 i n, j l c 1 l/ n v l fr@ Ik f I I IPI I i 'f N l'l I|j I` I|V|Il l l'l I" n' nl IW f Ji 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. I'. KERNANV, Jr. 8u W. H. LANDERS.

Patented Peb. 9, 1892.

PURNAGE.

(No Model.)

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANCIS KERNAN, JR., OF UTIOA, AND IVILLIAM II. LANDERS, OF SYRAOUSE, ASSIGNORS TO THE KERNANFURNACE COMPANY, OF UTICA, NEV YORK.

FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION formngrpart of Letters Patent No. 468,401, dated February 9, 1892.

Application tiled January 14, 1891. Serial No. 377,717I (No model.)

ToaZZ whom it may concern.-

Beit known that We, FRANCIS KERNAN, J r., residing at Utica, county of Oneida, and WILLIAM H'. LANDERs, residing at Syracuse,

county of Onondaga, State of New York, citizens of the United States, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Furnaces, of which the following is a specication.

This invention relates to that class of furio naces which are used principally by butchers and farmers for boiling lard, hogs, die., and which usually consist of a rectangular body having a laterally bulging or overhanging kettle-casing and a kettle suspended in said casing above the grate.

In order to produce an indirect draft and retard the escape of the heat and gases from the furnace, a shield or deiiecting-plate has been heretofore employed, which shield Was 2o located in the smoke-pipe and extended inwardly to Within a short distance of the kettle, so as to leave between the shield and the kettle a passage for the escape of the products of combustion. This construction, while rez 5 tarding the escape of the products of combustion in a measure, permits a large volume of the heat and gases to escape directly through the passage between the kettle and the shield at all times, whereby a large amount of hea-t 3o is Wasted.

One object of our invention is to provide means whereby the direct draft may be entirely shut off, When desired, so as to utilize a greater portion of the heat.

Another object of our invention is to render the grate readily removable, so that an impaired grate may be replaced Without the necessity of disturbing or removing the rebrick of the combustion-chamber.

Other objects of this invention are to improve the details of construction.

In the accompanying drawings, consisting of two sheets, Figure l is a longitudinal section of our improved furnace. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section thereof in line on Cc, Fig. l,

with the kettle removed. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the furnace with the kettle removed. Fig. l is an enlarged front elevation of the removable back plate of the tirechamber and the adjacent portion of the side Walls, showing the means for holding the plate in place. Fig. 5 is a top plan View of said parts. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary cross-section of the fire-chamber, on an enlarged scale,

showing the means for supporting the grate and the fire-bricks. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the furnace.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures.

A represents the nre-chamber of the fur- 6o nace; B, the grate; O, the ash-pit forming part of the bottom plate C; D, the smokepipe; F., the bulging or overhanging kettlecasing; E', the top plate resting on the same, and E2 the kettle suspended in the opening 65 of the top plate.

F is the horizontal shield or deflector-plate arranged in the smoke-pipe and the rear portion of the kettle-casing. This shield extends from thc rear Wall of the smoke-pipe 7o forwardly to the kettle, and is iitted with its front edge as closely to the latter as practicable to prevent the heat and products of coinbustion from escaping between theshield and the kettle. The rear edge of the shield is shaped to coliform to the inner Wall of thc smoke-pipe and the circular kettle-casing and entends forwardly nearly to the middle of the kettle-casing. The shield rests upon lugs g, formed on the inner side of the kettle-casing So near the ends of the shield. The kettle-casing is provided at its rear side with outwardlyprojecting corner columns G and at its front side with similar columns G', which columns are open toward the inner space of the kettle- S 5 casing. The shield is provided with perforated ears g', which project into the cavities of the rear columns G and are held in place by the tie-rods g2, which pass through these ears and connect the top and bottom plates. 9o These tie-rods are arranged within the columns and the latter form embayments in the casing, in which the tie-rods are removed from the direct path of the hot current iiowiug along the inner sides of the kettle-casing toward the smoke-pi pe and are consequently less affected by the heat, thereby rendering the top plate less liable to become loose at a high temperature.

h is an opening which is formed in the rear roo portion of the shield F and through which thev products of combustion escape into the smokepipe, and I is a damper applied to said opening and whereby the draft through the same may be shut oft. The damper I preferably consists of a pivoted plate, which swings upwardly and is provided with a spindle journaled in the side walls of the smoke-pipe and a handle for turning it.

The kettle-Casin g is somewhat larger in diameter than the kettle, so as to leave a flue or passage between the same and the kettle, through which the heat circulates.

Upon opening the damper I a direct draft is established through the combustion-cham-l ber and smoke-pipe, and buta small amount of heat reaches the upper portion of the kettle. Upon closing the damper the direct draft is shut oif and a large part of the heat and gases in seeking an exit is deflected forwardly by the shield F and compelled to pass around the front ends of the shield before escaping into the smoke-pipe. The heat and gases are in this manner confined in the furnace for a longer period than by the constructions heretofore employed, whereby the upper part of the kettle is more effectually heated and a greater percentage of heat is utilized. In starting the fire the damper is opened to Obtain a direct draft, while after the lire is well under way the damper is closed to check the escape of the heat.

J represents the fire-bricks which line the side walls J of the combustion chamber. The bottom plate C of the furnace extends inwardly beyond the straight side walls, and the side fire-bricks are supported upon these inwardly-projecting portions of the bottom plate, but do not rest upon the grate. The bottom plate is provided nearitsinner edges with a raised longitudinal rib or rim k, which con-fines the lire-bricks in place, as represented in Figs. 3 and 6. The grateis supported upon ledges Z, which are arranged at the inner longitudinal edges of the bottom plate on both sides of the depressed ash-pit C, as clearly represented in the above-mentioned figures.

Z are projecting stops or lugs arranged at the outer ends of the ledges Z for holding the grate against lengthwise displacement.

M represents the metallicback plate of the fire-chamber, which rests upon the bottom plate and is held in place between the side wal-ls of the furnace.

m is the lire-brick attached to the removable back plate. The latter is provided on its vfront side near its lower end with a hook or support n, upon which the fire-brick rests and at or near its upper ends with inwardlyprojectinOF hooks fn', which overlap the upper portion of the fire-brickand hold the latter against the back plate. As represented in Figs. .tand 5, the back plate is provided at one of its lateral edges with lugs o,which engage between two rows of internal lugs 0', formed on one of the side walls of the furnace. The back plate is preferably provided at its opposite side with a continuous tlangep, which engages between two rows of lugs p on the adjacent side wall. Upon placing the flange of the back plate between the lugs of the adjacent side wall and bringing the lugs on the opposite edge of the plate in line with the spaces between the lugs of the opposite side wall the lugs of the plate may be passed between those of the sidewall,when by depressing the plate to its proper place the coincidence between the lugs of the plate and side wall is broken and the plate thereby held in place. The plate is readily removed by raising it sufficiently to bring its lugs in line with the spaces between those of the side wall. It is obvious that the continuous iiange on one side of the back plate may be replaced by lugs, if desired.

Upon opening the furnace-door and lifting the front end of the grate above the stops Z the grate may be withdrawn from the furnace without disturbing the tire-bricks or requiring the same to be removed. This permits a grate which has become unserviceablc to be replaced with greater facility than by the construction heretofore employed, in which the re-bricks rest upon the grate or grateframe and must be removed in order to remove the grate.

The upright outer walls of the furnace comprise the front wall R, the side walls J', the kettle-casing E, the rear wall R and the hollow corner columns G G. Each side of the kettle-casing is divided by a perpendicular joint t at the middle. Each column G G is composed of an outer portion s, which eX- tends from the top to the bottom plate and is cast integral with the front or rear plate, respectively, an upper inner portion s', which is cast integral with one part of the kettlecasing, and a lower inner portion s2, which is cast integral with the side plate. The lower edge of the kettle-casing is secured to the upper edge of the side plate by screws t. This construction permits the parts to be easily molded and cast and to be readily secured together.

We claim as our inventionM l. The combination, with the bottom plate, the kettle-casing provided at its rear side with outwardlyprojecting hollow columns and with inwardly-projecting lugs, and the top plate, of a horizontal shield resting 011 said lugs and provided with perforated ears which project into the hollow columns and tie-rods arranged within said columns and passing through said ears, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with the bottom plate of the furnace, the side walls, and the grate, of a removable back plate resting upon the bottom plateand against the side walls of the furnace and provided along its lower end with a pocket in which the tire-brick rests, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with the bottom plate and the grate, of side walls provided with inwardly-projecting lugs separated by open spaces, and a removable back plate having` laterally-projecting lugs which rest against IIO IIS

the lugs of the side Walls when the back plate is in its normal position and which can be withdrawn through the spaces between said lugs upon raising the back plate, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with the front plate having the front portion of the corner column cast integrally therewith, of a kettle-casing composed of two parts, each having the upper inner portion of a corner column cast ntegrally therewith, and a side plate secured at its upper edge to the kettle-casing and having the lower inner portions of two corner columns cast integrally therewith, the said corner columns forming embayments in the 15 kettle-casing opening inwardly, substantially as set forth.

fitness our hands this 2d day of January,

FRANCIS KERNAN, JR. WILLIAM H. LANDERS. Witnesses:

CARL F. GEYER, CHESTER D. I-Iown.

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