US468183A

US468183A - shellenback

Info

Publication number: US468183A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1892-02-02
Anticipated expiration: 1909-02-02

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

P. & W. SHELLENBACK. ENGINE LATER No. 468,183. Patented Feb. 2, 1892.

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(No Model.)

P. 8u W. SHBLLBNBAOK.

` ENGINE LA'IHE.

No. 468,183. Patented Feb. Z, 1892.

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PATENT OFFICE.

PETER SHELLENBAOK AND VILLIAM SI-IEL'LENBAOK, OF RICHMOND,

INDIANA, ASSIGNORS TO THE STTELLENBACK PANY, OF SAME PLACE.

MACHINE TOOL COH- ENGINE-LATHE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.468,183, dated February 2, 1892.

Application iiled September l2, 1891. Serial No. 405,536. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that we, PETER SHELLENBACK and WILLIAM SHELLENBAGK, both of Richmond, in the county of rayne and State of Indiana, haveinventedcertainnewand useful Improvements in Engine-Lathes; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

This invention relates to improvements in engine-lathes, and has for its object to provide a simple easily-operated lathe in which the adjustments for cutting screw-threads of different pitch may be quickly made without removing and substituting different gears, a further object being to provide an improved automatic feeding mechanism for the carriage and slides and tool-stock, whereby the carriage may be fed quickly from one end to the other of the bed or given the proper feed `to cut screws of any pitch in either direction,

a further object being to control the feed of the main carriage or lower slide automatically by the transverse movement of the upper slide and tool-stock, whereby when the tool is in one position the feed is in one direction and when the tool is in another position the feed is in the opposite direction,4

scribed, and pointed out particularly in theappended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal vertical section on an irregular line, with parts broken away to show the underlying mechanism more clearly. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the lathe. Fig. 3 is aseotional detail showing the connection between the cone-gears and driving train. Fig. 4: isa detail section showing the reversing-gear for the feed-screw. Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail elevation of the clutch in the reversing-gear. Fig. b' is a rear View of the reversing mech- Figs. 7 and S are details of the connection between the upper slide and screw-feed-reversin g mechanism.

Similar letters of reference in the several figures indicate the same parts.

The bed or main frame A of the machine, together with the head-stock A', tail-stock A2, spindle B, and dead-center B', together with the cone-pulley B2, to which the driving-belt is applied, are all of ordinary construction and need no particular description further than to say that the castings for the stationary parts are preferably made hollow for the sake of lightness as well as to provide room for the main portion of the gearing.

The usual feed-screw O is journaled in bearings immediatelyin front of the bed upon which the carriage travels and is rotated to feed said carriage in either direction and at Varying speeds to forni screws of different pitch by mechanism to be now described.

On the outer end of the spindle is mounted a gear-wheel D, which, through an idler D', communicates its motion to a gear D2, having, for illustration, forty teeth, and rigidly connected to a smaller gear D3, having, for illustration, twenty teeth. Below the gear D2 D3 is a shaft F, having gears F2 Fs mounted loosely thereon and meshing with the corresponding gears D2 D3, said gears F2 F3 having, respectively, twenty and forty teeth in the machine shown. A clutch on the shaft is adapted to connect either one or the other of said last-mentioned gears rigidly to the shaft and impart thereto a rotation of diiferent speed. Thus when the gear FS is connected with the'shaft it will rotate just one-half as fast as when the gear F2 is connected therewith, it being understood, of course, that the speed of the spindle remains the same in both instances.

The form of the clutch just mentioned is immaterial; but we prefer to employ a simple pin f, working through aslot in the shaft and co-operating with slots f in the gear, the pin itself being mounted in the end of a rod f2, working in a longitudinal opening in the shaft F and having a knob f3 projecting from the end of the head-stock and adapted to be grasped and moved by the operator.

Below the shaft F is journaled a shaft E of roo correspondinglength and lying parallel thereto, which shaft carries what We shall herein term a cone, the same consisting of a series or pile of gear-Wheels e, of varying size, mounted rigidly on a sleeve E', adapted to slide longitudinally of the shaft E, but connected thereto for rotation by means of a spline and groove. Any one of the gears of this cone is adapted to meshwith a gear-wheel g, journaled in the end of an arm G and in turn meshing with a gearg, rigidly connected to the shaft F. (See Fig. 3.) The arrnG is hung on the shaft F and may be swung toward and from the cone to bring the gear g into mesh With any one of the gear-wheels e,

composing the same, and in the preferred form this arm is provided with a segmental rack G', with which a pinion G2 on the end of a shaft G3 meshes. The bearing for this shaft is of relatively great length, and on the outer end of the shaft is provided with an operating arm or handle G4, which also serves as a pointer to indicate the position of the gear g. This pointer is provided With a springpin G5, adapted to co-operate with any one of a series of holes G to secure the ping rigidly in adj usted position. Y

The shaft E is geared directly with the screw-feed shaft C by means of the gears H I-I (see Fig. i) when the screw is turned in one direction; but for the purpose of feeding f the screw in the opposite direction the gears H Iii2 are loosely mounted upon the shaft E i and are connected by a train of gearing comprising the idler-7?l and gears h h2, rigidly mounted on a sleeve h3, journaled on the shaft F, by which arrangement, when the gear h2 is connected with the shaft E by means of a clutch to be presently described, the direction of rotation of the gear H, and conse` 'quently that of the feed-screw, is reversed.

The clutch employed consists, preferably, of a simple collar I, connected with the shaft E by a spline and groove and having on opposite sides pins t', adapted `to contact with corresponding pins t" on one or the other of gears I-I H2. (See Fig. .5.) The sleeve E',

upon which the cone is mounted, is extended and formed into a rack K, the teeth ofWhich pass entirely around the sleeve, and while limiting its longitudinal movement permit of its free rotation. Meshing with the rack K is a inion K on a transverse shaft t ca rr p a y ing a pointer k with a spring-pin k2, adapted to hold the cone in adjusted position by co operation With vone of a series of holes 7c3 in f The gage-plate is provided it is provided with an upper slide M', moving transversely vthereto for carrying thev toolstock and tool, which may thus be caused to assume any desired position with relation to the work held between the centers.

In many kinds of work it is desirable that the carriage should move in one direction While the tool is cutting, and when the tool is withdrawn from the Work it should return to the starting-point to enable the tool to make a fresh cut, and in order to accomplish this we provide a mechanism moved by the upper slide, which controls the movement of the clutch I. Thus when the slide is moved out the clutch is thrown into co-operation with one orjthe other of the gear-wheels H H2 and when the slide is moved in it is thrown into engagement with the other of said Wheels.

Just within the lathe-bed is journaled a small shaft N, preferably square in cross-section and carrying at one end a beveled gear N, meshing with a corresponding gear N2, pivoted on a bridge or hanger (not shown) and having arms N3 engaging pins N4 on a collar N5, surrounding the clutch-collar I. At the top or at a convenient point the gear N2 is provided with a retainer n, which, co-operating with a spring-pressed block n', keeps thc clutch in its adjustment and in engagement with one or the other ofthe gears before mentioned.V The shaft N, it will be now understood, is adapted to be turned in rone direction or the other by the movement of the upper slide, which result may be accomplished in a variety of ways; but We preferto mount a pinion vO on the shaft and connect it to move longitudinally with the carriage by means of a groove o, into which a projection, such as O', on the carriage or slide projects. With this pinion a rack-bar P, moving with the upper slide meshes, and in the preferred construction this rack-bar is made doublev and adapted to engage thcpinion at top or bottom and turn it in one direction or the other, as the case may be. The rack-bar is held in vertical guides of any kind and is' moved by the cam P, turned by the operator, and holds the rack-bar in engagement on either side of the pinion or at an intermediate point when the pinion is entirely out of engagement, and the movement of the slide does not affect the direction of move-- ment of the carriage at all.

Provision is made for running the carriage rapidly from end to end of the bed when disconnected from the feed-screw, as well as to feed the slide automatically by means of the apron-gearing, as follows: On the apron of the carriage is journaled a relatively large bevel gear-Wheel R, Which is driven by the feed-shaft r, belted to the spindle by the belt andl cone pulleys r' r at the end and having a pair of bevel-pinions R mounted von a sleeve sliding thereon, the shaft being squared or provided with a feather and splined to prevent the independent rotation of the pinions. The pinions R are separated far IOO IIO

enough to stand out of mesh with the ge'arR* when at an intermediate point; but either one may.be thrown into engagement therewith by loosening the knurl S, connected to the sleeve, and moving it along in its slot vS' in the apron, thus enabling the direction of rotation of the wheel R to be changed at will. On the gear-wheel R is mounted a pinion R2, and journaled on the same center is a bell-crank T, having an operatinghandle t and segment t', with which a setscrew co-operates to clamp tlie same in adjusted position. This bell-crank at the bend carries a gear-wheel R3, meshing with the inion R2 and at the end carries a inion J 7 R4, meshing with gear-wheel R3 and adapted to mesh with gear-wheel R5, which in turn -meshes with pinion R6 on the feed-screw for the upper slide. This enables the slide to be automatically fed in either direction,when desired, and to feed the carriage quickly a gear R7 is provided, adapted tobe engaged by either the wheel R3 or pinion R, according to the position of the bell-crank and direction of feed desired, and the gear-wheel is in train with the gear-wheel Rg through the medium of the pinion R9. (Shown in dotted lines, Fig. l.) The wheel R8 carries a pinion R10, which meshes with the rack V on the lathe-bed.

The gears may be thrown into action, when desired, to feed the carriage in either direction at a more rapid rate than the screw-feed,

and, as is usual in this class of lathes, the

screw-feed is thrown out before the aprongear for feeding the carriage is thrown into gear.

In operation the lathe is extremely simple,

and to cut screws of dierent pitch the operator simply throws the cone or movable gear into""proper relative position, which position is indicated exactly by the pointer and scale, and the proper speed connection is made by shifting the clutch f. This throws the screwfeed into operative connection with the powertrain, and the carriage is caused to travel along the way in one direction or the other, according to the position of the feed-screwreversing mechanism. Assuming that the carriage is traveling away from the headstock and the rack on the upper slide in mesh with the pinion on the clutch-operating shaft, when the said slide is moved out or in, according to which part of the rack is in engagement, it will reverse the position of the clutch and cause the screw to turn in the opposite direction. Vhen it is desired to move the upper slide automatically, the apron-gear is brought into use and the bell-crank shifted `to bring pinion R4 into gear with the gearfeed-screw therefor, of the cone of gear-wheels for driving the screw, the rack and pinion for moving the cone longitudinally, and the movable gear in train with the spindle and adapted to mesh with any one of the gear-wheels constituting the cone, substantially as described.

3. In an enginelathe,the combination,with the bed, head-stock, spindle, carriage, and feed-screw therefor, of the cone of gear-wheels interposed in the train of gearing between the spindle and feed-screw, the collar upon which said cone is mounted,having the extended end and provided with rack-teeth, and the pinion engaging said rack-teeth to move the conesubstantially as described.

4. In alathe, the combination,with the bed, spindle, feed-screw, carriage, and train of gearing interposed between the feed-screw and spindle, of the cone and gearing interposed in said train, the sleeve upon which said cone is mounted, having its end extended and provided with annular rack-teeth, and the pinion co-operating with said rack-teeth to move saidcone, provided with a pointer IOO for indicating the position of the cone, sub- IIO spindle, carriage, feed-screw, and train of gearing, substantially as described, of the shaft interposed in the train, the longitudinally-movable cone of gear-wheels mounted on said shaft, the shaft lying parallel thereto, the arm journaled on said shaft and having the segmental rack thereon, the movable gear carried by said arm,and the shaft and pinion co-operating with the rack to move the gear into mesh with anyone of the gear-wheels constituting the cone, substantially as described.

7. In a lathe, the combination, with the bed, spindle, carriage, feed-screw, and train of gearing between the feed screw and spindle, of the shaft interposed in said train, the gear-wheels of different sizes, loosely mounted on said shaft, the driven gear-wheels of different sizes, meshing with said last-mentioned wheels, and the clutch for connecting either of said wheels with the shaft, as desired, whereby the speed Yof the feed=screw may be varied, substantially Y as described.

8. In a lathe, the combination, with the bed, spindle, carriage, feed-screw, and train of gearing between the feed-screw and spindle, of the Ygitudinal opening in the shaft, substantially as described.

ing with the cone, substantially as described.

10. In a variable-feed mechanism for engine-lathes, the combination, with the two substantially parallel shafts, the cone of gear-` wheels carried by a sleeve on one shaft, the rack formed by an extension of said sleeve, i

the pinion gearing with said rack, and the pointer and gage-plate for indicating the po- 1 siti'on'of the cone, ofthe movable arm journaled on the parallel shaft, the gear carried by the arm and meshing with the cone, and

the gear on the shaft with the arm meshing with said last-mentioned gear, substantially as described.

11. In an engine-lathe, the combination,`

with the spindle, feed-screw, and system of gearing for rdriving said screw, and the carriage having the transverselymoving top slide, of the reversing mechanism interposed in said train and contrclled by the top slide, whereby the direction of feed of the carriage is controlled by the transverse movement of 1 said slide, substantially as described.

12. In an engine-lathe, the combination, with the spindle, feed-screw, and system of gearing for driving said screw, and the carriage having the transverselymoving top slide, of the reversing-gearing interposed in said train and the clutch controlling said reversing-gearing, moved by the top slide, substantially as described. c.

13. In an engine-lathe, the combination,

14. In an engine-lathe, the combination, with the spindle, feed-screw, and system -of gearing for driving said screw, and the carriage having the transverselymoving top slide, of a reversing-gear for the feed-screw, a rod controlling said gear, running longitudinally of the bed, a pinion sliding on said rod, and a rack on the top slide, meshing with said pinion to reverse the feed when the slide is moved, substantially as described.

15. In an vengine-lathe, then combination, with the spindle, feed-screw, system of gearing for driving said screw, and the carriage having the transversely-movin g top slide, of a reversing-gear for the feed-screw, a rod con- 9. In a variable-feed mechanism for the feed-screws of engine-lathes, the combination, i with the two parallel shafts and the longitusdi- 1 nally-movable cone of gear-wheels mountedf on one of said shafts, of the swinging arm: journaled on the other shaft, the rack on said arm, the pinion and shaft co-operating with i the rack to move theV arm, the gear on the shaft on which the arm is journaled, and the gearjournaled in the end of the arm and mesh- 1 trolling said gear, running longitudinally of the bed, a pinion sliding on said rod, and a vertically-movable rack on the top slide, meshing with said pinion to reverse the feed when the slide is moved, substantially as described.

16. In an engine-lathe, the combina-tion, with the spindle, feed-screw, system of gearing for driving said screw, and the carriage having the transversely-moving top slide, of a reversing-gear for the feed-screw, a rod controlling said gear, running longitudinally of the bed, a pinion sli-ding on said rod, and a two-part vertically-movable rack lying above and below said pinion and carried by the upper slide, whereby the pinion may be moved in either direction by the movement of the slide in either direction, substantially as described.

17. In a feed-screw-driving mechanism for en gine-lathes, the combinatiomWi-th the driven shaft carrying the two gears loosely mounted' thereon and the gear connecting saidloose gears for reversing the rotation of the same, of the clutch-collar keyed to the shaft, the shifter for moving said collar, and the road for moving said shifter, running longitudinally of the bed, substantially as described.

18. In an apron-gear for engine-lathes, the

combination, with the carriage having the transverselymovable top slide and the driven shaft running longitudinally of the bed, of the oppositely-arran ged beveled pinions sliding `on the driven shaft, the gear-wheel meshing with either of said pinions, and movable gearirng connecting said gear-Wheel and feedscrew for the top slide, substantially as described.

19. In an apron-gear for engine-lathes, the combination, with the carriage and the driven shaft running longitudinally of the bed, ofthe sleeve on said shaft, the oppositely-arranged pinions on said sleeve, the knurl for shifting said sleeve and pinions with relation to the carriage, and the gear-wheel in the train adapted to mesh with said pinions, substantially as described.

20. In an apron-gear for engine-lathes, the combination, with the carriage, the longitudinal driven shaft, and longitudinal rack, of the pinion on the shaft, the gear meshing therewith, the gear meshing with the rack, and the IOO IIO

gear mounted on a movable support for eomnaled theifeongvhereby the train between the Io pleting the train between the shaft and rack, shaftand mel; is completed, substantially as substantially as described. described.

2l. In an apron-gear for engine-lathes, the 1 y 1 combination, with the carriage, the longitudinal driven shaft, and longitudinal rack, of the J J j pinion on the shaft, the gear meshing tliere- Witnesses: with, the gear meshing with the rack, the JNO. H. STRANAHAN, bell-e1ank,and the -interrneshed gears jour- E. M. HAAS.