US467993A - Alfred jorgensen - Google Patents
Alfred jorgensen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US467993A US467993A US467993DA US467993A US 467993 A US467993 A US 467993A US 467993D A US467993D A US 467993DA US 467993 A US467993 A US 467993A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- yeast
- wort
- pipe
- sterilized
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000345822 Cylindera <genus> Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001902 propagating Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000908590 Bassus Species 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000282619 Hylobates lar Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000009910 diseases by infectious agent Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 200000000001 labour Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
- C12M27/02—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/58—Reaction vessels connected in series or in parallel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
- C12M29/20—Degassing; Venting; Bubble traps
Definitions
- ALFRED .TRGENSEN OF COPENI-IAGEN, DENMARK, AND AXEL BERGI-T, OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.
- This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for the production of yeast and similar substances.
- Dr. E. Chr. Hansen has caused a new departure in fermentation, and his sys- ,tem has been introduced into every country.
- One feature of his system is the propagating apparatus for the production of absolutely pure yeast.
- the improved apparatus hereinafter described is designed to be used for the continuous development of a large quantity of absolutely pure yeast, which can be readily developed further in practice.
- the principal object has been to obviate infection, in order that, on the one hand, the operation can be effected through the medium of a sterilized liquid, and that, on the other hand, a control can be easily obtained over the aeration necessary for the yeast.
- the said apparatus differs, essentially, from the apparatus heretofore employed for similar purposes and presents several advantages.
- the appliance which is represented on the accompanying drawing in vertical diameter section, comprises two cylinders, which are placed one above the other and communicate with each other through a pipe ct and a cock b.
- the cylinderA is surrounded by a jacket divided into two separate compartments t' and a, of which the lowest e', through a steamcock, is connected with a steam-inlet pipe, While the upper one n at the top has an annular aperture m.
- both cylinders A and B are central vertical axes, which at the bottom -have screw-formed stirrers Z and p,wl1ich approach as near as possible the bottom and sides.
- the axis and the wings of the cylinder A can be given rotary motion by the means of toothed Wheel connection and pulley, and that in the cylinder B through the medium of a handle or in other suitable manner.
- cylinder A In the cylinder A is a water-level meter consisting of a float r, which is in connection with the hand s outside the cylinder. Bent air-exit tubes fu. and Z are through cocks connected with the top part, respectively, of cylinders A and B.
- An air-supply C is, by the means of the tubes c and d and the three cocks e, f, and g, brought into connection with the cylinders B and A.
- the tube K which is closed in its interior end,-has in that portion which projects into the inner cylinder perforations in its sides, through which holes the sterilized air being led through the tube can pass into the wort, and which is placed horizontally at the bottom of the cylinder A, and is,through the cock g, in connection partly with the tube d and partly with the aperture 7L.
- At the top of cylinder B is an inlet-tube o.
- Sterilized air can be conducted through an air-filter C, and thence through two pipes c and d and three cocks e, f, and g to both cylinders.
- the wort is preferably introduced in the sterilized stateinto the lower cylinderA directly from the brewery, or it may be sterilized in the same cylinder by admitting steam to a chamberz' at the lower part of a casing which surrounds the aforesaid cylinders. After the desired quantity of wort has been admitted the air is introduced in a suitable manner.
- the third or lower of the above-mentioned cocks g communicates with a pipe 7c, which is arranged in the lower cylinder at a short distance from the bottom of i of stirring the wort.
- the cooling is effected by causing cold water to pass from an annun lar pipe m, surrounding the upper part of the said cylinder along the outer periphery of the latter, or to circulate either in the chamber n at the lower part of the latter casing round the cylinder or in the entire casing.
- a quantity of the aerated and cooled wort is forced by air-pressure into the upper cylinder B, which is sterilized by steam or in any other sultable manner.
- the charged Wort can be caused to pass through the abovementioned cock band piped back to the lower cylinder A, either at once or after it has been allo-wed to ferment in the upper cylinder.
- the yeast contained in the lower cylinder A has likewise been started and the yeast has been properly mixed with the same a denite quantity is forced into the upper cylinder B.
- the charged wort and both cylinders must be kept at a temperature adapted for the continuation of fermentation.
- this apparatus has for its obJect to produce pure yeast for use on a large scale, it is a matter of course that this yeast can be removed either when the fermentation has reached its highest stage or after the yeast formed has fallen to the bottom of the cylinder.
- the entire mass is stirred on the third or fourth day of fermentation by means of the above-mentioned agitator Z, and is then removed and added to the wort in a large fermenting-vessel.
- the beer standing over the yeast is let o through the pipe la near the bottom of the cylinder and the lower of the three cocks gas the said pipe k occupies such a position that enough beer will remain in thecylinder to keep the sediment suiiciently liquid for removal.
- the superfluous air and the carbonic acid produced escape through two bent pipes t and u, connected with the upper and lower cylinder. In either of these cases a sufticient'quantity of fermenting-Wort must comparatively small size.
- the yeast is forced beforehand into the upper cylinder B for enabling a fresh fermentation to be subsequently commenced therewith in the lower cylinder A.
- the lower cylinder A is cleaned and sterilized.
- the wort is introduced in the manner described and treated with the yeast formed in the upper cylinder B under similar conditions, whereupon the upper cylinder B is cleaned and sterilized. This-operation is repeated every time.
- the second cylinder instead of being arranged above the first, as hereinbefore described, can be placed by the side of the same.
- the pipe a through which the two cylinders are connected, extends so far down in the first cylinder that the level of theliquid will not descend below the same.
- Sediment yeast can be used 'in the second .cylinder B, which has been previously sterilized. In this ease the latter can be made of After the beer has been discharged by means of pure air a suitable quantity of the agitated sediment yeast is forced into the cylindervand kept therein until this cylinder has been supplied with aerated and cooled wort.
- a propagating apparatus for the production of micro ⁇ organisms, especially pure cult ured yeast consisting of the combinatiomwith lower cylinder A, provided with a central agitator and means for rotating the same, a perforated airinlet pipe located near the bottom, and a trapped outlet-pipe leading from the top, an indicatorl s, and iioat fr, and a connecting-pipe a, leading to upper cylinder B, of said upper cylinder B, also provided with a central agitatorv and means for rotating the same, and a trapped outlet for air and gases, both cylinders being provided with suitable inlet and outlet pipes for wort and yeast and with a sterilized air-supply, as set forth.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Description
(No Model.)
A. JRGBNSBN & A. BERGH. APPARATUS POR THE PRODUCTION-0F YBAST 0R SIMILAR SUBSTANGBS. No. 467,993. Patented Feb. 2, 1892.
llllll UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
ALFRED .TRGENSEN, OF COPENI-IAGEN, DENMARK, AND AXEL BERGI-T, OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 467,993, dated February 2, 1892.
Application tiled May 12, 1890. Serial No. 351,554. (No model.)
To all whom it may concern,.-
' Be it known that we, ALFRED J RGENsEN, I
a subject of the King of Denmark, residing at Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark, and AXEL BERGH, a subject of the King of Sweden, residing at Stockholm, in the Kir1gdom of Sweden, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for the Production of Yeast and Similar Substances; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. t
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for the production of yeast and similar substances. By his important scientitic labors Dr. E. Chr. Hansen has caused a new departure in fermentation, and his sys- ,tem has been introduced into every country.
One feature of his system is the propagating apparatus for the production of absolutely pure yeast.
The improved apparatus hereinafter described is designed to be used for the continuous development of a large quantity of absolutely pure yeast, which can be readily developed further in practice. In the construction of this apparatus the principal object has been to obviate infection, in order that, on the one hand, the operation can be effected through the medium of a sterilized liquid, and that, on the other hand, a control can be easily obtained over the aeration necessary for the yeast. The said apparatus differs, essentially, from the apparatus heretofore employed for similar purposes and presents several advantages.
The appliance, which is represented on the accompanying drawing in vertical diameter section, comprises two cylinders, which are placed one above the other and communicate with each other through a pipe ct and a cock b. The cylinderA is surrounded by a jacket divided into two separate compartments t' and a, of which the lowest e', through a steamcock, is connected with a steam-inlet pipe, While the upper one n at the top has an annular aperture m. In both cylinders A and B are central vertical axes, which at the bottom -have screw-formed stirrers Z and p,wl1ich approach as near as possible the bottom and sides. The axis and the wings of the cylinder A can be given rotary motion by the means of toothed Wheel connection and pulley, and that in the cylinder B through the medium of a handle or in other suitable manner.
In the cylinder A is a water-level meter consisting of a float r, which is in connection with the hand s outside the cylinder. Bent air-exit tubes fu. and Z are through cocks connected with the top part, respectively, of cylinders A and B.
An air-supply C is, by the means of the tubes c and d and the three cocks e, f, and g, brought into connection with the cylinders B and A. The tube K, which is closed in its interior end,-has in that portion which projects into the inner cylinder perforations in its sides, through which holes the sterilized air being led through the tube can pass into the wort, and which is placed horizontally at the bottom of the cylinder A, and is,through the cock g, in connection partly with the tube d and partly with the aperture 7L. At the top of cylinder B is an inlet-tube o.
The appliance is used as follows: Sterilized air can be conducted through an air-filter C, and thence through two pipes c and d and three cocks e, f, and g to both cylinders. The wort is preferably introduced in the sterilized stateinto the lower cylinderA directly from the brewery, or it may be sterilized in the same cylinder by admitting steam to a chamberz' at the lower part of a casing which surrounds the aforesaid cylinders. After the desired quantity of wort has been admitted the air is introduced in a suitable manner. For this purpose the third or lower of the above-mentioned cocks g communicates with a pipe 7c, which is arranged in the lower cylinder at a short distance from the bottom of i of stirring the wort. The cooling is effected by causing cold water to pass from an annun lar pipe m, surrounding the upper part of the said cylinder along the outer periphery of the latter, or to circulate either in the chamber n at the lower part of the latter casing round the cylinder or in the entire casing. A quantity of the aerated and cooled wort is forced by air-pressure into the upper cylinder B, which is sterilized by steam or in any other sultable manner. Absolutely pure yeast produced in thelaboratory is introduced through a pipe o into the upper cylinder and is intimately mixed with the wort by means of the hehcal agitator p, arranged at the bottom of this cylinder. In order to enable the quantity of wort which has been introduced into the lower cylinder and forced upward into the upper cylinder to be indicated without the yuse of a gage-glass, a float r is connected by means of an arm to a spindle s, which extends to the outside of the cylinder and carries a hand which indicates the level ofk the liquid in the said cylinder A. Vhen the yeast has been intimately mixed with the wort in the upper cylinderB, the charged Wort can be caused to pass through the abovementioned cock band piped back to the lower cylinder A, either at once or after it has been allo-wed to ferment in the upper cylinder. After the wort contained in the lower cylinder A has likewise been started and the yeast has been properly mixed with the same a denite quantity is forced into the upper cylinder B. The charged wort and both cylinders must be kept at a temperature adapted for the continuation of fermentation. As this apparatus has for its obJect to produce pure yeast for use on a large scale, it is a matter of course that this yeast can be removed either when the fermentation has reached its highest stage or after the yeast formed has fallen to the bottom of the cylinder. In the former case the entire mass is stirred on the third or fourth day of fermentation by means of the above-mentioned agitator Z, and is then removed and added to the wort in a large fermenting-vessel. In the latter case the beer standing over the yeast is let o through the pipe la near the bottom of the cylinder and the lower of the three cocks gas the said pipe k occupies such a position that enough beer will remain in thecylinder to keep the sediment suiiciently liquid for removal. The superfluous air and the carbonic acid produced escape through two bent pipes t and u, connected with the upper and lower cylinder. In either of these cases a sufticient'quantity of fermenting-Wort must comparatively small size.
be forced beforehand into the upper cylinder B for enabling a fresh fermentation to be subsequently commenced therewith in the lower cylinder A. When the yeast has been removed, the lower cylinder A is cleaned and sterilized. The wort is introduced in the manner described and treated with the yeast formed in the upper cylinder B under similar conditions, whereupon the upper cylinder B is cleaned and sterilized. This-operation is repeated every time.
It is evident that the second cylinder, instead of being arranged above the first, as hereinbefore described, can be placed by the side of the same. The pipe a, through which the two cylinders are connected, extends so far down in the first cylinder that the level of theliquid will not descend below the same.
Sediment yeast can be used 'in the second .cylinder B, which has been previously sterilized. In this ease the latter can be made of After the beer has been discharged by means of pure air a suitable quantity of the agitated sediment yeast is forced into the cylindervand kept therein until this cylinder has been supplied with aerated and cooled wort.
It will be readily understood that the improved apparatus is also vadapted for development of other organisms than those used for the production of yeastfor use in the manufacture of beer and spirits.
Having fully described our invention, what we desire to claim and secure by Letters Patent is- A propagating apparatus for the production of micro` organisms, especially pure cult ured yeast, consisting of the combinatiomwith lower cylinder A, provided with a central agitator and means for rotating the same, a perforated airinlet pipe located near the bottom, and a trapped outlet-pipe leading from the top, an indicatorl s, and iioat fr, and a connecting-pipe a, leading to upper cylinder B, of said upper cylinder B, also provided with a central agitatorv and means for rotating the same, and a trapped outlet for air and gases, both cylinders being provided with suitable inlet and outlet pipes for wort and yeast and with a sterilized air-supply, as set forth.
In testimony whereof we affix oursignatures in presence of two witnesses.
ALFRED J ORGENSEN.
AXEL BERGH.
VVit-nesses:
HILMAR BAssU, NILJELTE CLAUssUR.
IOO
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US467993A true US467993A (en) | 1892-02-02 |
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US467993D Expired - Lifetime US467993A (en) | Alfred jorgensen |
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Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2657174A (en) * | 1949-06-17 | 1953-10-27 | Stich Eugen Georg | Continuous manufacture of yeast |
US6391638B1 (en) | 1996-09-26 | 2002-05-21 | Metabogal, Ltd. | Cell/tissue culturing device and method |
US20040256891A1 (en) * | 2003-06-20 | 2004-12-23 | Horst Schonebeck | Vehicle roof module |
US20050019556A1 (en) * | 2003-06-17 | 2005-01-27 | Surromed, Inc. | Labeling and authentication of metal objects |
US20050032211A1 (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 2005-02-10 | Metabogal Ltd. | Cell/tissue culturing device, system and method |
US20060204487A1 (en) * | 2003-04-27 | 2006-09-14 | Protalix Ltd. | Production of high mannose proteins in plant culture |
US20080038232A1 (en) * | 2003-04-27 | 2008-02-14 | Protalix Ltd. | Production of high mannose proteins in plant culture |
US20100112700A1 (en) * | 2007-05-07 | 2010-05-06 | Protalix Ltd. | Large scale disposable bioreactor |
US20100198334A1 (en) * | 2001-11-23 | 2010-08-05 | Surpass Medical Ltd. | Implantable intraluminal device and method of using same in treating aneurysms |
US20100196345A1 (en) * | 2003-04-27 | 2010-08-05 | Protalix | Production of high mannose proteins in plant culture |
-
0
- US US467993D patent/US467993A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2657174A (en) * | 1949-06-17 | 1953-10-27 | Stich Eugen Georg | Continuous manufacture of yeast |
US20090053762A1 (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 2009-02-26 | Protalix Ltd. | Cell/tissue culturing device, system and method |
US6391638B1 (en) | 1996-09-26 | 2002-05-21 | Metabogal, Ltd. | Cell/tissue culturing device and method |
US20020110915A1 (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 2002-08-15 | Metabogal Ltd. | Cell/tissue culturing device and method |
US20050032211A1 (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 2005-02-10 | Metabogal Ltd. | Cell/tissue culturing device, system and method |
US20100136673A1 (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 2010-06-03 | Protalix Ltd. | Cell/tissue culturing device, system and method |
US7942925B2 (en) | 2001-07-09 | 2011-05-17 | Surpass Medical Ltd. | Implantable intraluminal device and method of using same in treating aneurysms |
US8419787B2 (en) | 2001-11-23 | 2013-04-16 | Surpass Medical Ltd | Implantable intraluminal device and method of using same in treating aneurysms |
US20100198334A1 (en) * | 2001-11-23 | 2010-08-05 | Surpass Medical Ltd. | Implantable intraluminal device and method of using same in treating aneurysms |
US20110182868A1 (en) * | 2003-04-27 | 2011-07-28 | Protalix Ltd. | Human lysosomal proteins from plant cell culture |
US8227230B2 (en) | 2003-04-27 | 2012-07-24 | Protalix Ltd. | Human lysosomal proteins from plant cell culture |
US20060204487A1 (en) * | 2003-04-27 | 2006-09-14 | Protalix Ltd. | Production of high mannose proteins in plant culture |
US20090208477A1 (en) * | 2003-04-27 | 2009-08-20 | Protalix Ltd. | Production of high mannose proteins in plant culture |
US20100196345A1 (en) * | 2003-04-27 | 2010-08-05 | Protalix | Production of high mannose proteins in plant culture |
US9220737B2 (en) | 2003-04-27 | 2015-12-29 | Protalix Ltd. | Plant cell culture expressing human lysosomal proteins and uses thereof |
US8790641B2 (en) | 2003-04-27 | 2014-07-29 | Protalix Ltd. | Production of high mannose proteins in plant culture and therapeutic uses thereof |
US20080038232A1 (en) * | 2003-04-27 | 2008-02-14 | Protalix Ltd. | Production of high mannose proteins in plant culture |
US7951557B2 (en) | 2003-04-27 | 2011-05-31 | Protalix Ltd. | Human lysosomal proteins from plant cell culture |
US8741620B2 (en) | 2003-04-27 | 2014-06-03 | Protalix Ltd. | Human lysosomal proteins from plant cell culture |
US8449876B2 (en) | 2003-04-27 | 2013-05-28 | Protalix Ltd. | Human lysosomal proteins from plant cell culture |
US20050019556A1 (en) * | 2003-06-17 | 2005-01-27 | Surromed, Inc. | Labeling and authentication of metal objects |
US20040256891A1 (en) * | 2003-06-20 | 2004-12-23 | Horst Schonebeck | Vehicle roof module |
US20100112700A1 (en) * | 2007-05-07 | 2010-05-06 | Protalix Ltd. | Large scale disposable bioreactor |
US10364413B2 (en) | 2007-05-07 | 2019-07-30 | Protalix Ltd. | Large scale disposable bioreactor |
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