US466299A - Hardt - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

y R. H. ENGBLHARDT.

GHURN.

No.. 466,299. Patented Deo. 29, 1891.

UNITED STATESv PATENT OFFTCE.

, RICHARD H. NGELHARDT, OF BERLIN, GERMAY, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND OSCAR BRUER rJ OO., OF SAME PLACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 466,299-, dated December 29, 1891.

Application filed November 7,1889. Serial No. 329.484. (No model.)

HARDT, a subject of the King of Prussia and Emperor of Germany, and a resident of Ber-y lin, in the Kingdom of Prussia, Germany, have invented certain new and useful ,Improvements in' Apparatus for Ohurning and Mixing, of which the following is a specilication.

This invention relates to that class of apparatus by the aid of which fluids-such as water, albumen, milk, yeast, and similar fiuids-are churned or agitated and are in y some cases mixed with air or other substances.

My invention has for its object to improve apparatus vof this character and render it more economical and eflicient; and my invention is especially applicable in; making butter, beating eggs, impregnating a uid with gas; and

in many other other instances where it is necessary to` thoroughly mix or agitate a iiuid.

In the accompanying drawings, which illus-.

trate my invention, Figure l isavertical axial section of a churning or mixing apparatus.

- Fig. 2 is a horizontal cross-section thereof cut in two horizontal planes indicated by the dot-v ted linesfo o in Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, o indicates a cylindrical vessel, b a disk-shaped dasher working therein, and f a valve-casing in the bottom thereof.

The vessel et ispreferably constructed with a concave bottom d and aremovable cover e, and is supported, preferably, by means of three legs. For smaller sizes of apparatus the cover e can be dispensed with.

The dasher b is preferably a perforated cylindricaldisk lit-ting loosely within the vessel o. and provided with a dasher-rod c, extending vertically through the center of the vesselo and projecting outwardly through the cover e thereof. rlhe dasher h is constructed to have a reciprocating vertical movement, which is imparted to it through the medium of its dasher-rod c, either by hand-power applied to the outer end of the rod or by any other suitable force applied to the dasherrod c.

The valve-casing f is fixed in the center of the bottom d of the vessel, and consists, preferably, of a vertical cylinder having slightlyforations and open at one end into the cyliny der'of the valve-casingf and at the other end in the interior of the vessel a.. A disk-valve casing h, fitting closely within the cylinder of the valve f, and capable of v ertical movement therein, serves to control communication between the interior and exterior of the vessel o.v This disk-valve 72. normally rests over the bottom opening of the valve-casing f, and rises during the upward movement of the dasher b until it reaches the top of the cylinder of the valve-casing f, where it strikes a 'cap orthimble screwed thereon, which prevents its escape vfrom the cylinder. IVlhen the disk-valve h is in the downward position, it closes the lower valve-hole, and when in the upper position it closes the upper valve-hole; but it is so constructed relatively to the radial pipes g g that the latter are open to the interior of the cylinder of the valve-casing f when the disk-valve is in either of these positions, and the communication between these pipes g g and the interior of the valve-casing fis only interrupted as the disk-valve h is passing the ends of the pipes.

The churn is provided With an air-sterilizer to the lower part of the vessela. The airsterilizer consists of a sterilizing-chamber Z, having closed bottom and sides and a perforatedtop, and it is secured directly tothe pipe ,7o. The lower end of pipe 7c terminates just above the bottom of the chamber Z.

The bottom d of the vessel a, is preferably made concave, in order tomake room for the valve-casing f below the dasher b, so that the latter can be fiat. bottom of the vessel can be made flat and the dasher made concave or hollowed out on its under side to make room for the valveroo lf desired, however, the

casngf. A draw-oit cock j) is provided in the lower' part of the vessel a for removing the contents thereof when desired.

Atmospheric air enters the air-sterilizing chamber through the holes in its top, passes thence downwardly through the sterilizing substances, and flows from below into the pipe 7c.

Any suitableair-sterilizing substance may 1o be e1np1oyed-such as, for example, coiled paper-pulp or infusorial earth.

Inbperating au apparatus constructed ac` cordlng to my invention, the vessel a is partly filled with the fluid to be churned or agitated x5 and the dasher Y) is pushed down, thereby agitating the fluid in a manner similar to that of the ordinary churn, the fluid being compelled to pass through the perforations of the dasher Z). During this downstroke of the zo dasher the disk-valve h closes the lower opening of the valve-casing f, and a portion of the fluid Within the vessel is forced through the pipes g g and int-o the cylinder of the valve-casingf, thereby augmenting the agitation of the fluid. During the upstroke ot' the dasher the iiuid is similarly agitated, but simultaneously the rising of the dasher creates an air rarefaction underneath it, which is greater or less according to the degree ot' the 3o speed of the stroke. This causes the diskvalve h to leave its lower seat and rise until it shuts the opening in the top of the cylinder of the valve-casing f, and thereupon air enters through the pipe 7a into the valve-casing f, and goes from there through the pipes g g into the fluid and passes in innumerable bubbles through the latter. As the dather b starts on the downstroke, the disk-valve h closes and the operation continues as before.

Then the cover e of the vessela is a tighttitting cover and a stuffing-box is provided around the dasheirod c, it is necessary to provide a valve r in the cover, which is constructed to open outwardly and thereby allow the air sucked into the vessel a to escape.

Otherwise the continued sucking action of each upstroke would be soon counteraeted by the pressure of the compressed air accumulating inside of the vessel a.

By the use of." my invention and owing to the combined action of. the reciprocating dasher and the air-bubbles passing through the fluid the desired effect is produced in an unusually short time; also, when it is desired to impregnate the fluid with a gas to be absorbed by the fluid this can readily be accomplished, as the fluid and the gas both become iinely subdivided and will readily unite.

My invention can be used for various purposes in addition to those hereinbefore recited where it is desired tov thoroughly mix or impregnate a fluid with gas, powder, or other substances.

vWhat I claim is, in apparatus for mixing or churning liquids and other similar purposes, the following-delined novel features and combinations, substantially as hei-einbefore specified, namely:

In a churn, the cylindrical vessel a, having top e and bottom d, the reciprocating perforated dasl1erb,\vorking longitudinally therein, and the relief-valve yr at the top of the vessel, in combination with the valve-easingf at the bottom of the vessel, having a valve-seat, the rising and falling val ve h in said valve-casing, the radially-projecting pipes g g, communieating with said valve-casing above said valve when said valve is seated, said pipes projecting into the lo'wel` part of said vessel, the air inlet-pipe 7o, extending from said casing fto below the bottom of the vessel, and the sterilizing-ehamber Z, having closed bottom and sides and perforated top, which is secured around said inlet-pipe, whereby the air entering said inlet-pipe must first pass through the material in said sterilizing-chamber, substantially as set forth.

This specification signed by me this 30th day of September, 1889.

MAX BECK, CARL T. BUROHARDT.

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