US462893A - Domestic gas-burner - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-$heet 1.

J. W. CULMER. DOMESTIC GAS BURNER.

No. 462,893. Patented Nov. 10, 1891.

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I I I I (No Model.) s SheetsSheet 2.

J. W. GULMER.

DOMESTIC GAS BURNER.

No. 462,893. Patented Nov. 10, 1891.

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(No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. W. OULMERL DOMESTIC GAS BURNER.

Patented Nov. 10,1891.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN CULME R, OF NElV BRIGHTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

DOMESTIC GAS-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 462,893, dated November 10, 1891.

Application filed November 20, 1889. Serial No. 330,942. (No model.)

To all whom itmcty concern.-

Be it known that I, J OHN WoonEUE CUL- MER, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Brighton, in the county of Beaver and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Domestic Gas-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

Myinvention relates to what are known as domestic gas-burners, and the particular matters of my improvements will be specifically pointed out in the claims concluding this specification.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical front view of a superheating burner embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the same, and Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the lower portion of the same. Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical transverse sectional View, showing the lower parts of reservoir, supplypipe, con11ecting-pipe,and burner.

I construct of any approved material and by the ordinary methods, but preferably of cast-iron, the fire-back or reservoir 1 of a form approximating that shown in Fig. 2 that is, with its upper portion enlarged. I provide it with threaded apertures or openings for attachment to pipes or fittings, one such opening at or near the top at each end, as shown at 2 2 and one such opening ator near the bottom at either end or upon the bottom, as shown at 0 9'. I construct the burner proper 23 with a base 10,'fitted for the reception of gas pipes or fittings at either end, as shown at 3 3", and having its outer face machined at an angle approximating forty-five degrees to the horizontal line of the hearth or floor. I construct a top 11 for this burner, having its lower surface machined to form a close joint with the upper surface of the base 10 and having its upper surface formed with a series of corrugations 12 12, transversely to its greatest length. I then by means of a thin mill or saw produce a series of slits 7 7 through the upper portion of these corrugations. I fit this top 11 to the base 10 and attach it thereto by means of screws or rivets. I connect the pipes 12 2 to their openings 2 2" in the upper portion of. the reser voir. I pass the lower end of said pipes through their propenopenings 3 3" in the back of the base 10 and make them fast by means of nuts or screw-washers within said back and attach the top 11 by means of its screws or rivets. I connect the supply-pipe 17 to its proper opening 9 and attach the other end of said supply-pipe 17 to the gassupply by means of the mixer S.

I construct the case 4. of sheet or cast metal. of a form to inclose on all sides, except the front, the devices already described. This case, when to be used in the ordinary fireplace, I flange upon the two sides and top, as shown, to hide the edges of the ordinary easing surrounding the grate. The sides are flared outwardly from the back to the said flange, so that while closely surrounding the reservoir 1 at the back they extend to the jambs of the fire-place in front. is curved upwardly and outwardly from the top of its reservoir 1 to the flange at the top. I provide 'this case 4- with the slot 5, extending across the upper part of the curved portion and connecting with the flue or chimney of the fire-place. I fit to this slot the studs 13, fitted for the reception of a rod, pivots or pins, and I cover the slot with the damper 5, provided with pins to hinge into the studs 13 and with a handle for manipulation, and this damper 5 is adjusted to such a point as will permit the exit from the room into the flue or chimney of the products of combustion rising in front of the superheating-reservoir, the damper for this purpose being hinged so as to stand outward from the casing and act as a hood to catch and direct The back.

such products into the exit-opening at the upper part of the overhanging case.

I construct upon the bottom of the ease I the studs 16 and fit into them the deflector C, as shown, constructing said deflector of a curved cross sectiou and arranging it so, relatively to the pivot 16, that as its outer edge 19 is raised from the hearth the inner edge 18 is brought closer to the lower portion of the burner 3.

The completed device is placed in any fireplace or stove from which the grate has been removed, the supply-pipe 17 is connected to the gas-supply by means of the mixer 8, and the gas being turned on is lighted at the slits 7 in the corrugations 12 of the burner The heat arising from combustion heats the reservoir 1, and the combined air and gas are heated before combustion, as the combined gases enter the reservoir 1 at its bottom, and as the contained volume therein is largely in excess of the volume within the burner 3 such 5 combined gases are subject to great heat and considerable expansion and are more thoroughly mixed and combined thanby any other process heretofore used, and the result is more nearly perfect combustion and greater economy in gas. The damper 5 is closed to such an extent as to permit the exit only of the deleterious gases, and the deflector C is adjusted to assure that the draft of air flowing under its outer edge 19 shall impinge in a thin sheet upon the lower edge of the burner 3, that combustion may be obtained with the least possible quantity of free air, thus assuring the least possible quantity of dissociated nitrogen and the least volume of heated waste gases.

The deflector O is preferably formed like a'trough, which with its convex side down is hinged in front of and just above the baseplate of the burner and extends horizontally across the entire front of the fire-place, so as to form an open space between it and the base. Therelation of the inner edge of this deflector to the burner and to the base-plate is such as to cause it to act as a valve to open or to partially close said space at the lower edge of the burner, as may be desired. hen the outer edge of this deflector is raised to its greatest height, the inner edge is brought down to the lowest point of combustion on the inclined burner. The flow of. air to the burner beneath the deflector, when so set, is arrested, so that onlya thin sheet of air is caused to pass under the inner end of the deflector and impinge upon the flame. In this adjustment of the deflector the supply of air to the flame is designed to be sufficient to insure perfect combustion. The great volume of air passing along the floor to the burner is by such. adjustment deflected upwardat the outer edge of the deflector, and rising in front of the fire to the ceiling is thereby caused to descend at another part of the room, and the circulation is thus caused to be kept up by the displacement. due to the volume of air constantly rising in front of the fire at the outer edge of the deflector.

here it is inconvenient or impossible to so arrange my device that the heat from the burner 3 mayimpinge against the reservoir 1, I still introduce the said reservoir between the inflow-pipe for mixed air and gas and the burner to the end that said air and gas may have a greatly larger space in which to complete their mixing and may arise at the burner in a more fit state for perfect combustion.

I do not confine myself to the exact forms and constructions shown herein, but may modify them to suit special circumstances.

By having the superheating-reservoir increasing in width or depth toward its upper end, and consequently presenting an overhanging surface to the burner, the heat from said burner will strike. the face of said reservoir with certainty and will effectually heat the same. As the mixed air and gas become heated, they rise and stand in the reservoir and will have free room to expand in the enlarged upper portion without danger of exploding the same, which might happen in a reservoir having the same dimensions at top and bottom.

The mixed and superheated air and gas will have a free outlet from the reservoir through the two pipes 2, entering both ends of the top of the same, and will, as said pipes enter both ends of the said burner, be thoroughly distributed in the same.

will provide a large number of burning-orifices for the air and gas, which may be easily made in the manufacture of the burner and;

easily cleaned when they become clogged under use.

hat I claim as my. invention, andv desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a fire-place gas-burner, the combination, with a burner having an upwardly-inclined burner-surface, of a deflector pivoted at the base of the burner and arranged to form an under space and to regulate the Volume and direct the air in a thin sheet upon the flame at the lowest point of combustion, substantially as described, for the purpose stated.

2. In a superheating gas-burner, the combination, with a supply-pipe for the supply of mixed air and combustible gas, a heater to heat such mixed gases, and a burner connected with said heater by means of suitable pipes, of an inclosing ca ltted for the reception of said devices and provided with an adjustable damper for the exit of the products of combustion and a deflector for regulating the admission of free air, as shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

In a fire-place gas burner, the combination, witha burner having an upwardly and rearwardly inclined burner-surface, and a fireplace casing having an upwardly and. frontwardly curved upper portion overhanging said burner, provided with an opening at its top extending across the fire-place, of an external damper arranged to arrest and, direct the outflow of the rising products, of combustion through said'opening, and a reservoir for superheating the inflowing gas and air, having an upwardly and frontwardly inclined heating-surface, the said parts having the relation described, for the purpose stated.

4. In a superheating gas-burner, the combination, with a burner, of a superheatingreservoir arranged above and to the rear of said burner, formed with an enlarged upper portion overhanging said burner and provided with a supply-pipe at its bottom and with pipes extending from its upper portion to said burner, substantially as described.

5. In a superheating gas-burner, the combination of a burner having an inclined apertured front or top,a horizontal bottom, and a vertical back, a superheating-reservoir arranged above and to the rear of said burner and having a suitable supply-pipe in its lower portion and pipes extending from the upper portion of said reservoir and entering the back of said burner, substantially as described.

6. In a snperheating gas-burner, the 00111- bination of a burner having an inclined apertured front or top, a horizontal bottom, and a vertical back, a snperheatirig-reservoir arranged above and to the rear of said burner, having upwardly-diverging front and back walls and overhanging said burner with its front wall, a supply-pipe and mixer entering the lower portion of said reservoir, and pipes extending from the upperportion of said reservoir into the back of said burner, snbstantially as described.

7. In a super-heating gas-burner, the combination of a burner having an inclined apertu red front or top and a snperheating-reservoir arranged above and to the rear of said burner, provided with a snpplypipe for mixed air and gas and having pipes extending from its upper portion into said burner, with a curved deflector pivoted at its convex lower face at the forward edge ofsaid burner to leave an air-passage under said face and between it and said edge of the burner, substantially as described.

8. In a snperheating gas-burner, the combination of a casing having flaring sides and a rounded convex top formed with a transverse slot near its upper edge and a hinged damper for said slot, with the burner in the bottom of said casing and a snperheating-reservoir arranged within said casing above and to the rear of said burner and having an enlarged overhanging upper portion, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing 5

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