US462495A

US462495A - Centrifugal drying-machine

Info

Publication number: US462495A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1891-11-03
Anticipated expiration: 1908-11-03

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets- Sheet 1.

lT. LONG. GBNTRIFUGAL DRYING MACHINE.

No. 462,495. Patented Nov. 3, 1891.

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'.(No Model.) 3 sheets-sheet 2.

T. LONG.

GENTRIPUGAL DRYING MACHINE. E No. 462,495. Patented Nov. s, 1891.l

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(No Model.) l 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. T. LNG'..

GENTRIPUGAL DRYING MACHINE. No. 462,495. Patented Nov. 3, 1891.

WWNESSES- INVENTDH UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

4 THOMAS LONG, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

cENTRn-'UGAL Darme-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming pari: Of Letters Patent No. 462,495, dated November 3, 1891.

Application filed Hay 3, 1889. Serial No. 309,435. (No model.)

' companying drawings, forming a part of this V,specifcation',:inexplaining its nature.

`Theinvention relatesgto a centrifugal drying-machine `haring a perforated shell or casey in the form of an .inverted cone, a feed-pipe for feeding the substance to be dried o r freed from liquid to the chamber, or cup formed by the cone, a horizontal .table extending from the upper edge of the cone-shell, having channels of peculiar shape separated by perforated walls or screens, whereby the operation of drying or separating the liquid from the solid 1s commenced in the cup and is continued during the passage of the substance or material from the cup through the channels until discharged at the outer edge of the table, preferably over an outwardly-inclined board.

The inventionY further relates to a centrifugal drying apparatus having the, outer shell or surface inclosed by a chamber in which there is a partial vacuum.

The invention further relates to various features of construction and organization, all of which will hereinafter be described.

lln the drawings, Figure 1 is a View, principallyin vertical central section, of a machine having the features of my invention. Fig. 2 is a viewin plan inverted of a portion of the machine. Fig. 3 is aview, principally in plan, representing various portions of the upper part of the machine, some of thc plates being broken out to better show thcm. Fig. l is a section upon thc lino y] y of Fig. 3, drawn to a large scale. Fig. 5 is a view in plan of the plate forming the bottom of the vacuum-chamber hereinafter referred lo and representing the blades which form an cxhausttan.

A is the inverted conical shell. It is mounted upon the upper end ol' thc shaft fz, and it has thc holes or passages o. extending from its cup or chamber n? to the chamber a", which surrounds ,the shell. The shell is also lined upon its inner side with wirc-gauze a1 of any desired mosh. Generally for most purposes There extends from a very tine mesh is used. n(

the upper edge of the shell A a flange a5, to which is bolted a table a6. Upon `this 'table there is arranged a number of curved channels o?. (See Fig. 3.) These channels are by means of a casing or formed, preferably,

partition a8, (see Fig. 4,) bolted oit-"otherwise secured to the table a6. Each of these parti tions a8 preferably has the dat base a9, the inclined upwardly-extending section al, and the horizontal section a, having a shoulder @12, which is substantially in line with the lower edged13 of the base. .To the shoulder cl2 and edge als is secured wire-gauze o. of any required mesh, and a portion of the horizon.- tal section'a11 extends beyond the wire-gauze and forms a partial cover. The wire-gauze forms, in connection with the inclined section (L10, a drainage-chan nel alf', which also extends to the .edge of .the table. Each partition aB is preferably curved, as represented in Fig. 3, from near the inner edge' of the table in a forward direction toward the edge of the table. This curved section extends very nearly tothe outer edge of the table and then becomes radial. (See Fig. 3.) Each section or partition ai* also gradually increases in width from its inner ond to its outer end, and the .inner end has preferably rounded corners ale.

Each of the channels a7 gradually increases iu width from its inner end to its outer end, and at the outer end of each channel there is the inclined board or bairiera17,whch extends upward and outward from the upper surface of the table af. Each of' the channels alf is open at its outer end. An annular plate B is attached to the upper surface of the partitions at to partially cover the cup a? and the inner ends of the passages of?. A plate C is also secured to the shell A below the holes a. rlhis plate forms, iu connection with the shell A and table fr, the chamber a, which is open outwardly into the chamber D. This chamber preferably is divided by divisionplatcs c' into the sections c2, in'eacn of which there is a number of blades c, forming an exhaust-fan. (Seelfig.) 'lheshaftaismounted in suitable bca-rings in the frame E of the machine, and is rot-ated by the pulley e. The chamber l) is formed about the plate C and table ai' by means of the bottom plate d oi the frame, the inclined curved plate d. and

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' is thrown.. and vheld againstithewperforated- 55 themachine, and an apron h of canvas or which is within the cup a2, and is enlarged to cone, the edge of which is separated from Y it is being moved outward, so that a continued a15.` The material is thus forced in continuot- .the channels bythe inclined bottom o,

' face of the jacket -H and plate d2 and from joint betweenthe edge of the table about the partitions as possible.

vrial fed through the feed-pipe falls upon the .be dried, or separated, or freed from fluid, is fed continuously through the feed-pipe ina j:. that the nais-.is forced from the sonders@ iii'tcthechamber D and ontletd3','a nd ltheir the vertical plate LZ2, which is curved or extended' inward at its top to form as close a Into this chamber D the drain-channels 01,15 and the exhaust-chamber a3 open, and there is an outlet-passage d3 extending from the bottom of this chamber D. The substance or material to be dried is fed continuously to the cup a2, preferably through the feed-pipe F, the lower end f of form a section in the shape of a frustum of a `the interior lining or gauze of the cup by a quite narrow space. The substance or. mateseparating-plate G, forming the bottom of the cup a2. This separatingplate has au upwardly-extending cone g, which serves to separate the material and throw it toward the sides of the cup, and also the cutters g', whichy are preferably made from flat-sheet metal bent to the shape of a hook and fastened to the,

upper surface of the separator-plate. 4

Inoperation the substance or material to volume varying as'to quantity, according to the nature of the material or substance. The cup rapidly rotatesvand the tlnidis expelled through the wire-gauze and holes a into the chamber as. The solid material is by the 'action of they machine lifted up the inclined surface of the lcone into the lateral passages a7, and by the rapidrotation of they machine ganze. walls a ef .the partition-plates while separation of the' iuid element from the solid element takeshplace yaiter'A the material has been forced uplhffrom the cup into the channels a, the fludibe'lng forced through the Aperforated walls 154' into the escape-channels ons streams though'thevarious channels a", being somewhat retarded at the outer ends other exible material is suspended from the plate h in line with the passage h2, through .which the contents are discharged, to break the outward force thereof and also to prevent itfrom sticking against the'inner surclogging the machine. It will thus be seen into the chamber as, from whichit escapes material to be dried.

channels (L15, which disehai y the charm ber D. The rapid rotation of the machine causes the blades c3 to act as exhaustffansp'ei and thus reduce the .air-pressure uponthe outer side of the cup a2 and also the inner side of the perforated walls c, In lieu of the blades c3 there may be connected with the chamber asand drain-channels als an exhaust- 7 5 fan, and I have represented in Fig. 1 an exhaust-fan H', which is connected with the .chamber D and shuts or draws the air from aboutrthe cup a2 and from the channels 0.15.

This reduction of pressure upon the outer 8o,

side of the portion of the machine through which the fluid is forced is an improvement, in that in addition to the centrifugal force an atmospheric force consequent upon the variation in pressure between the two sides 85 of the machine-that is, the side whih convtains the substance being separated and the outer side which receives the liquid--is exerted, only, ofcourse, the more completethe vacuum the greater this dierence of pressca nre and the more effective is the operation of the machine from this cause. The degree of the curvature of the partitions ,as may of course be varied from that represented in Fig. Swithout departing fromthesprit of the '9 5 v" i invention.

In operation 'the rotation ofv themachine causes the material to be driven npthe side l' ot' the chamber and. to taks the form of a' thin sheet or layer upon the tablofthefroht roc wallsof the partition a? coming in contact* with the overflowing layer and with more orv less stress or force, according to theiapidity I I with which the machineis operated, and tend-i j; ing to exert a pressureor stress against the 1c material to such an extent as tocause itto be held against the screenen with such force that the iiuid is expelled .through the screens into the channels behind, while at the same is such that the material is moved outward to the edge of the table, still'keeping, however,

-itscontact with the screens or perforated This combination of'the centrifui. gal action of the cu-p and the rotative action x15- walls alt.

of the curved perforated walls upon the materialis such that I am enabled to obtain a l practically-continuous drying operation and time the curve of the'walls andl channels a7 11e` to continuously feed the'rnachine with the The construction of'thlelu-glnaohine isseh that the .air during the operationt' thema# y chine does not act to retard the centrifugal and rotary forces em ilo eli-micasing they i i forciblesepara'tionof the1 Hanegemmuy@samenwerken-ingr.ai aim and desirere securefbyfisttein Patent tot theiUnite(1 -Stetes-selfv Y. y

. l.A In a centrifugal dryin .,niaohigathemp @stilistica of referat .manifiesten @masturberende 'Portions of the materiali 1 tending from the upper edge of said shell, and curved drying-partitions arranged thereon, forming escape-channels, and having perforated Walls with which the material is held in contact and along which it is moved by the operation of the machine, as and for the pur- -pos'es described.

2. In a centrifugal drying-machine, the

perforated walls, as specified, and forming channels which gradually enlarge from their inner ends outwardly, substantially as and for the purposes described.

4. In a centrifugal drying-machine, the combination of a perforated gauze-lined inverted-cone-shaped shell, a rotary table eX-f tending from the 4upper edge of said shell, curved partitions arranged thereon forming escape-channels, the said partitions having perforated walls and being shaped to form `channels which are curved to near the edge of the table and are then radial, substantially as described.

5. ln a centrifugal drying-machine, the rotary drying-table having the curved partitions, and perforated walls carried bysaid partitions where the curved channels a7 and the drainage-passages are formed, substantially as described.

6. The combination of the table a6 and a number of partitions of, secured to the table to form passages a7 and shaped to provide points for the attachment of the wire-gauze a, and the wire-gauze a, attached to said partition whereby the drainage-channels am are formed, substantially as described.

, 7. The combination, in a centrifugal drying-machine, of the rotary table having the curved channels al, the perforated walls a,

and the partial covering-plate a, substaning-plates B and 7L, and apron 7L', substantially as described.

lO. The combination of the perforated gauze-lined inverted-cone-shaped shell, the table having the curved channels ai, and perforated Walls a, the drainage-channels am, the

drainage-chamber d3, and an exhaust appa ratus for exhausting air from said drainage-` channels and said vdrainage-chamber, subtan tially as described.

ll. The combination of a stationary shell l forming the chamber D and having an out- '$01`l let, t-he rotary perforated gauze lined invertedf cone-shaped shell, and the table having curved escape-channels a7, arranged to discharge their contents over the edge of the casing, and the drainage-chan nels al, and drainage-chamber aboutl the shell A, opening into the said chamber D, substantially as described.

12. The combination, in an organized centrifugal drying-machine, of a rotary perforated shell, a rotary table having a series of channels extending from said shell, a drainage and air-exhaust -passage substantially parallel with each of said channels and separated therefrom by a perforated wall, and an air-exhaust chamber inclosin g or partially inclosing said perforated shell and into which said drainage-channels open, as and for the purposes specified.

THOMAS LONG.

Witnesses:

F. F. RAYMOND, 2d, MATTHEW DoLAN.