US460352A

US460352A - Drain-tile

Info

Publication number: US460352A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1891-09-29
Anticipated expiration: 1908-09-29

Description

(No Model.)-

W. READING.

DRAIN TILE.

No. 460,352. Patented Sept. 29,1891.

1n: name versus 0a., mum-m- I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIC.

IVILLIAM READING, OF ROCKVILLE, MARYLAND.

DRAIN-TILE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 460,352, dated September 29, 1891. Application filed May 27, 1891. Serial No. 394,330. (No model.)

T0 at whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM READING, a citizen of the United States, residing at Rockville,in the count-y of Montgomery and State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drain-Tiles; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention is an improvement in draintiles; and it consists in the novel features of construction hereinafter fully described.

, In the drawings I have illustrated several forms in which I have contemplated en1bodying my invention, and the same is fully described in the following description and claims. 1

Referring to the said drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of one form of myimproved drain-tile. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the same. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are sectional views of slightlymodified constructions.

My improvements relate to drai n tiles which are intended for use more particularly in draining swamp and other wet lands where it is desired to take the water out of the surrounding earth and convey it away, leaving the ground dry and firm. In the practical use of tile for this purpose it has been found that where the ordinary porous or unglazed clay tile is employed and the water has to percolate through the same in order to get into the interior of the tile the process of draining the ground is very slowly and imperfectly carried out. It has been proposed to make apertures in the tile to let in the water from the surrounding earth; but this is a very objectionable plan, as in filling up the trench in which the tile is placed theapertures are covered with earth and partially or wholly closed, and the water as it passes into the tile through these apertures, if any remain open, will carry a considerable amount of mud and sediment with it, which will clog up the drain and in terfere with its efiectiveness.

The object of my invention is to obviate these objections and provide a tile which has suitable apertures for the admission of collected moisture, but which are protected in such a way as to prevent their being stopped up with dirt or admitting quantities of dirt and sediment with the water. To this end I provide the tile A,as shown in the drawings, with a longitudinally-extending web or flange B, extending in a downwardly-inclined direction along one or both sides of the tile, and beneath this web or flange I provide the tile with a series of apertures or perforations a a a. It will be seen that the web or flange B overhangs the apertures portion of the tile like the eaves of a house, and when the trench in which the tile is placed is filled in with earth the earth will be deflected to either side as it falls on the tile, and a space will be left all along the sides of the tile adjacent to the openings 0, a, so that water accumulating around the tile A readily passes unobstructed into the tile.

In order to facilitate the passage of the water through the apertures a a,I prefer to provide the sides of the tile with shallow grooves A, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 5, in which the apertures are made so that said grooves will serve to conduct the Water from one aperture along to another and in case it should fail to enter one it will find its way into another. I may make the tile itself of any desired shape and size.

In Figs. 1 and 2 I have shown a cylindrical tile provided with downwardly projecting flange B,and in Fig. 5 I have shown a rectangular tile similarly provided with a flange B. In this figure I have shown the apertures a a extending through the tile in a downwardlyinclined direction toward the interior, thus facilitating the passage of water into the tile.

In Figsll and 4 I have shown a tile having an elliptical form in cross-section. In these figures the overhanging web or flange is formed byincreasing the thickness of the tile gradually for about one-half of the periphery of the tile and terminating the thickened portion abruptlyin a horizontal or downwardly inclined shoulder. The shoulder so formed would protect the apertures a a in the same manner as the projecting flange B shown in the other figures.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The herein-described drain-tile, having a perforated portion and an overhanging portion extending laterally beyond the vertical opening into said grooves, and the longiplane of the perforated portions of the tile, tudinally-extending flanges protecting said as substantially as described. grooves and apertures, substantially as de- 2. The herein-described drain-tile, having. scribed. 5 the perforated side portion and continuous In testimony whereoflaflixmysignatnre in I5 longitudinal flanges extending laterally bepresence of two witnesses.

yond the vertical plane of the perforated por- YVILLIAM READING. tion of the tile, substantially as described. Witnesses:

3. Theherein-described drain-tile,'provided v A. G. M. PREvosT, :0 with the longitudinal grooves, the apertures r S. BRASHEARS.