US4591755A - Cathode-ray tube with magnetic ring - Google Patents
Cathode-ray tube with magnetic ring Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4591755A US4591755A US06/380,792 US38079282A US4591755A US 4591755 A US4591755 A US 4591755A US 38079282 A US38079282 A US 38079282A US 4591755 A US4591755 A US 4591755A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic ring
- deflection system
- tube
- deflection
- cathode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000756 V alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ABEXMJLMICYACI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [V].[Co].[Fe] Chemical compound [V].[Co].[Fe] ABEXMJLMICYACI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005417 remagnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitroglycerin Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005401 pressed glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
- H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
- H01J29/70—Arrangements for deflecting ray or beam
- H01J29/701—Systems for correcting deviation or convergence of a plurality of beams by means of magnetic fields at least
- H01J29/702—Convergence correction arrangements therefor
- H01J29/703—Static convergence systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
- H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
- H01J29/48—Electron guns
- H01J29/51—Arrangements for controlling convergence of a plurality of beams by means of electric field only
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cathode-ray tube comprising a screen panel, a funnel section, and a neck section housing an electron gun with a focusing electrode and other electrodes for producing at least two electron beams, a magnetic deflection system located at the junction region of the funnel section with the neck section and serving to deflect the electron beams over the screen panel, and a magnetic ring attached to the electron gun.
- Two different types of multibeam electron-gun systems with magnetic rings have become known.
- three separate guns are provided, one for each of the three electron beams, and each gun has a control electrode, a focusing electrode, and other electrodes.
- Placed on all three guns is a circular convergence cup which forms the end of the electron-gun system facing the screen.
- a circular magnetic ring is secured in position at the bottom of the convergence cup.
- Tubes having such an electron-gun system with a magnetic ring in the convergence cup are commercially available under the type designation A66-501X. These tubes have a deflection system which extends over a large portion of the tube neck and covers most of the electron-gun system.
- the other type of electron-gun system has oval electrodes common to all three beams. Each electrode has three apertures for the passage of electron beams, and the centers of these apertures lie all in the same plane. Only the convergence cup has a circular cross section like in the first type of electron-gun system. Tubes with a magnetic ring attached to such an electron gun are not yet commercially available, but such a tube was presented at the "Electronica 1980" exhibition; an article on that tube was published in "Funkschau" 26/1980, page 57. In that tube, the magnetic ring was attached at the front, i.e., on that side of the focusing electrode facing the screen. The deflection system was so constituted as to extend, in the aligned condition, to that point of the neck where the magnetic ring was located in the focusing grid.
- the magnetic rings attached to electron guns are made of an iron-cobalt-vanadium alloy, and they can be magnetized from outside with a strong magnetizing device to adjust the positions of at least two electron beams of a cathode-ray tube, particularly to adjust the convergence and colour purity of a colour-picture tube.
- This magnetization takes place without the deflection system mounted on the tube. Only then will the deflection system be positioned and mounted on the funnel section of the tube.
- two fixtures are necessary, namely a magnetizing device and a deflection-system-positioning device.
- the object of the invention is to provide a cathode-ray tube of the above kind which is designed so that the magnetization of the magnetic ring and the positioning of the deflection system can be performed quickly and reliably with as simple an adjusting apparatus as possible.
- the magnetic ring is so attached to the electron gun, and the deflection system and the electron gun are so dimensioned and mounted that the magnetic ring lies outside the neck region covered by the deflection system.
- the advantage of being able to magnetize the magnetic ring and position the deflection system in one operation is thus gained in exchange for the fact that, if the magnetic ring is moved further to the back, the characteristics of a conventional electron gun, particularly its focusing characteristics, must be optimized again.
- the optimization can be accomplished by changing the geometry of the electron gun and/or the applied voltages.
- a particularly advantageous position of the magnetic ring is about the middle of the focusing electrode as viewed in the beam direction.
- the magnetic ring is a sufficient distance from the electron-beam-producing electrodes, which are annealed during the tube-manufacturing process. If the magnetic ring were too close to these electrodes, it might be heated to a high temperature, too, so that its magnetic properties would change considerably. On the other hand, it would be a disadvantage if the magnetic ring were too close to the anode, to which a voltage of 25 kV is applied, for the magnetic ring must be attached somehow, which necessitates deforming the respective electrode at the point of attachment. Such a deformation, e.g., a wrinkle in the immediate vicinity of the anode, may result in arcing.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of a colour-picture tube with a deflection system and an electron gun having a magnetic ring fixed in its focusing grid;
- FIG. 2 is a side view of an approximately full-size electron gun having a magnetic ring fixed in its focusing grid;
- FIG. 3 is a longitudinal explosive view of the focusing grid of the electron gun of FIG. 2;
- FIG. 4 is a top view of the central part of the focusing electrode of FIG. 2 with the magnetic ring fitted therein, and
- FIG. 5 is a partly sectional and partly schematic side view of an adjusting apparatus with the picture tube inserted therein, the magnetizing device, and the deflection-system-positioning device.
- FIG. 1 shows a colour-picture tube 10, comprising a screen panel section 11, a funnel section 12, and a neck section 13.
- the neck 13 houses an electron gun 14 which is shown in the side view of FIG. 2.
- a magnetic deflection system 15 Located in the junction region of the funnel section 12 with the neck section 13 is a magnetic deflection system 15, which is mounted on the neck 13 by means of a sleeve 16 with clamp 17.
- the deflection system 15 is positioned to achieve colour purity and dynamic convergence; it is held in the proper position by rubber shims 66 which are inserted between the front end of the deflection system 15 and the funnel section 12.
- front end of the deflection system 15 the end facing the screen panel 11 is to be understood.
- front and “back” or “rear” are used in a corresponding sense throughout the description.
- “upper” and “lower” are used instead of “front” and “back” or “rear”, because the electron gun 14 is assembled and transported in this position.
- the “upper end” of the electron gun 14 is thus the end facing the screen panel 11.
- the electron gun 14 is indicated in FIG. 1 by a broken line.
- a heavy broken line indicates a magnetic ring 19 attached to the electron gun 14.
- the novel feature of the colour-picture tube 10 shown in FIG. 1 is that the magnetic ring 19 is fixed at a point of the electron gun 14 where it is not covered by the deflection system 15. This is achieved by moving the magnetic ring 19 in the electron gun 14 further downward than has been customary in conventional colour-picture tubes.
- a deflection system 15 may be used in which the sleeve 16 with the clamp 17 is shorter than in prior art deflection systems.
- the magnetic ring 19 serves to adjust the colour purity and convergence of the colour-picture tube 10. It is made of an iron-cobalt-vanadium alloy and is magnetized from outside, through the tube neck, in such a way that colour purity and convergence assume predetermined adjustment values. Such an adjustment is necessary for the vast majority of colour-picture tubes because only very few colour-picture tubes are manufactured which do not exhibit any deviations from convergence and colour purity before a correction is made by means of a magnetic field. However, the magnetic field also affects the focus and the paths of the electron beams. If, therefore, the position of the magnetic ring 19 in the electron gun 14 is changed, changes must usually also be made in the geometry of the electron gun 14 and/or in the voltages applied to the gun.
- FIGS. 2 to 4 show an electron gun 14 to which a magnetic ring is readily attachable at different points.
- the electron gun 14 of FIG. 2 has a pressed glass base 20, in which pins 21 are sealed.
- the pins 21 are conductively connected to contact tags 22.
- the latter are followed by a modulator electrode 23, a control electrode 24, a focusing electrode 25, an anode 26, and a convergence cup 27 with contact springs 28.
- the individual components of the electron gun 14, i.e., the contact tags 22 and the electrodes 23 to 26, are held by two glass beads 29 which are softened by heat during the manufacturing process and in which the rims 30 of the electrodes are then embedded. In the side view of FIG. 2, only one of two glass beads 29 is visible.
- the convergence cup 27 is joined to the anode 26 by spot welding. For clarity, neither all connections between the pins 21 and the tags 22 nor the cathodes and heaters are shown.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 show the magnetic ring 19 in greater detail.
- the explosive view of FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of the focusing electrode 25.
- the latter consists of four electrode parts 32 and an intermediate plate 33.
- Each electrode part 32 is constituted by a metal cup with a bottom 35, a wall 36, and a rim 30. It has three circular apertures 37 for the passage of electron beams, as can be seen in the top view of FIG. 4.
- the central aperture 37.1 is traversed by a central beam 38.1, and each of the two outer apertures 37.2 is traversed by one of two outer beams 38.2.
- the apertures 37 in each electrode part 32 are arranged side by side, which leads to an oval shape of the electrode part 32.
- the electrodes 23 to 26 are only slightly narrower than the convergence cup 27.
- the electrodes are substantially narrower than the circular convergence cup 27 because of their oval shape (see FIG. 4).
- two electrode parts 32 are set together at their bottoms 35 and joined by spot welding to form a central part 39.
- the magnetic ring 19 is then put in the upper electrode part 32 of this central part 39 and secured in position by wrinkles 40.
- the wrinkles 40 are provided in the wall 36 directly above the magnetic ring 19 and point toward the inside of the electrode part 32.
- the intermediate plate 33 and the rim 30 of an electrode part 32, which forms an upper part, 41 are placed on the upper rim 30 of the central part 39.
- the rim 30 of a fourth electrode part 32 which forms a lower part 42, is placed on the lower rim 30 of the central part 39. All parts are then held by the glass beads 29 pressed into the rims 30.
- the shape of the magnetic ring 19 and the way in which it is secured in position by wrinkles 40 are apparent from FIGS. 3 and 4.
- the magnetic ring 19 consists of two like parts 19.1 which form an oval ring.
- the parts 19.1 are placed end to end leaving air gaps 43.
- the air gaps 43 are shown greatly enlarged, so it may look as if the ends of the parts 19.1 do not lie directly next to each other.
- An electron gun 14 of the design described has the advantage that the magnetic ring 19 can be accommodated at any point of the focusing electrode 25 without appreciably influencing the focus of the electron beams 38.
- the magnetic ring 19 is located in about the middle of the focusing electrode 25, as shown and described so far. Less advantageous are positions at the bottom of the lower part 42 or the upper part 41. If the magnetic ring 19 is placed in the upper part 41 and secured in position by means of wrinkles 40, there is the risk of arcing between the wrinkles 40 and the anode 26, to which a voltage of 25 kV is applied.
- the position of the magnetic ring 19 at the bottom 35 of the lower part 42 is less advantageous because during the manufacture of conventional tubes, the cathodes (not shown) and, thus, the modulator electrode 23 and the control electrode 24 are heated to a high temperature. This involves the risk of the lower part 42 and any magnetic ring 19 therein being heated, too, so that the latter would change its magnetic properties considerably. In tubes where no annealing takes place, however, this risk does not exist.
- the magnetic ring 19 in the central region of the focusing electrode 25, either at the bottom 35 of the upper electrode part 32 of the central part 39, as shown, or at the bottom of the lower electrode part 32 of the central part 39. It may also be secured to the top or bottom side of the intermediate plate 33, which is advantageously done with tongues bent out of the edge of the intermediate plate 33, which hold the magnetic ring 19 in place. Such positions and possibilities of attachment are not shown in the figures, and they are of no importance for the novel tube, because it is only the position of the magnetic ring 19 relative to the deflection system 15 that matters.
- the novel tube in which the magnetic ring 19 is not covered by the deflection system 15, can be designed as a thin-neck colour-picture tube (outside diameter of the neck about 29 mm), a thick-neck tube (outside diameter of the neck about 36 mm), a Trinitron tube or a multibeam oscilloscope tube, for example.
- an electron gun 14 for a thin-neck tube is shown.
- the magnetic ring 19 has a long inside diameter of 20.45 mm and a short inside diameter of 9.4 mm.
- the circular convergence cup is 27 mm in diameter.
- the magnetic ring 19 may be attached to the inside or outside of the electron gun, and it may consist of one or more parts. Its attachment must be adapted to the type of electrode to which it is secured; in electron guns, disk-shaped electrodes are frequently used instead of cup-shaped electrodes of the design shown.
- deflection systems can be used in which both the pairs of horizontal deflection coils and the pairs of vertical deflection coils are constituted by saddle-type coils, and it is also possible to use deflection systems having toroidal- and saddle-type coils.
- the latter type of the deflection system will be more advantageous because these coil combinations can frequently be made shorter than deflection systems using saddle-type coils only. With a shorter deflection system, it is easier to satisfy the requirement that the magnetic ring should not be covered by the deflection system.
- deflection system is mounted on the tube. It is particularly advantageous, however, to use a deflection system which is attached to the funnel section 12 of a colour-picture tube at its front, which eliminates the need for mounting means at the rear end, thus making it easier to meet the conditions that the magnetic ring should not be covered by the deflection system.
- the special advantage of the novel cathode-ray tube 10 lies in the fact that all adjusting operations for the magnetic ring 19 and the deflection system 15 can be performed in a very simple manner on a common adjusting apparatus 44.
- a partly schematic view of an adjusting apparatus 44 is shown in FIG. 5.
- Mounted on a table 45 are a carriage guide 46 for a tube carriage 47 and a guide rod 48 for guiding a deflection-system-positioning device 49.
- the carrier guide 46 and the guide rod 48 permit the tube carriage 47 and the deflection-system-positioning device 49 to be moved in the direction of the longitudinal axis 18 of the tube.
- Deflection-system-positioning devices are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,992,578 and EP-OS No. 0 021 275.
- a deflection-system-positioning device 49 similar to the device disclosed in the latter reference is shown in FIG. 5 in a partly schematic view.
- a carriage with a bearing plate 50 extending perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 18 of the tube is movable on the guide rod 48.
- the bearing plate 40 has a spherical-cup-shaped bearing surface 51 in which a holding ring 52 is gimballed. Via a pin 53, adjusting forces, indicated by an arrow 54, are applied to the holding ring 52 which cause the latter to perform a Cardan motion.
- the adjusting mechanism is not shown for the sake of clarity. As a rule, mechanisms are present which permit the holding ring 52 to be adjusted from the screen side of the adjusting apparatus 44.
- Jaws 55 are adjustably mounted to the holding ring 52. They serve to hold a deflection system 15 in the holding ring. To this end, the deflection system 15 has at its rear end a clamping ring 56 which is inserted in a recess in the holding ring 52 and held by the jaws 55. The adjusting mechanism for the jaws 55 is not shown, either.
- the adjusting apparatus 44 further includes contacting devices 57, namely an anode-contacting device 57.1 and a neck-contacting device 57.2.
- the anode-contacting device 57.1 is rigidly connected with the apparatus and isolated, which is not shown, however.
- the neck-contacting device 57.2 is rigidly connected with a contacting-device holder 58 movable on the guide rod 48.
- a guide sleeve 59 At the upper end of the contacting-device 58 is a guide sleeve 59 in which an end piece 60 attached to the neck-contacting device is adjustably supported. This end piece 60 is moved by the force of a spring (not shown) toward the screen side of the adjusting device 44 up to a stop.
- a magnetizing device 62 In front of the neck-contacting device 57.2, a magnetizing device 62 is located at a distance determined by pins 61. Devices of this kind are described in DE-OS No. 26 12 607 or DE-OS No. 28 32 667, for example. Such a magnetizing device 62 comprises magnetizing coils 63, which usually have a number of terminals 64, of which only two are shown.
- the neck-contacting device 57.2 is positioned so that, when a colour-picture tube placed on the tube carriage 47 is inserted into the adjusting device, its contact pins 21 enter the neck-contacting device 57.2 and push the latter slightly backwards against the pressure of the spring in the guide sleeve 59. This counterforce ensures reliable contacting and a tight fit of the colour-picture tube 10 in the adjusting apparatus 44.
- the anode-contacting device 57.1 is attached so as to contact the anode contact 65 at the funnel section 12 when the tube is inserted.
- the magnetizing device 62 is attached to the neck-contacting device 57.2 in such a way that the tube neck 13 passes centrically through an opening in the magnetizing device 62 when the tube 10 enters the neck-contacting device 57.2 with its contact pins 21.
- the deflection-system-positioning device 49 holds a deflection system 15 so that, when a colour-picture tube 10 is inserted into the adjusting apparatus 44, its neck 13 can pass through the deflection system 15 freely.
- the distance 67 between the deflection-system-positioning device 47 and the magnetizing device 62 is chosen so that the magnetizing device 62 is just above the magnetic ring 19 when the deflection system 15 is in the proper position on the funnel section 12.
- the magnetic ring is advantageously located at least 5 mm behind the rear end of the deflection system.
- a tube 10 is then placed on the tube carriage 47 and pushed into the adjusting device 44 until the contact pins 21 enter the neck-contacting device 57.2 and until the tube 10 is finally held immovable by a catch (not shown) engaging the carriage 47.
- the anode-contacting device 57.2 is caused to rest against the anode contact 65.
- the supply voltages are automatically applied to the tube 10.
- the magnetic ring 19 is so magnetized with the aid of the magnetizing device 62 that colour purity, raster shape, and convergence are adjusted to predetermined values.
- the deflection system 15 is positioned according to predetermined criteria.
- a motion of the deflection system 15 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 18 of the tube and a tilting motion relative to the longitudinal axis are possible.
- movements in the direction of the longitudinal axis 18 of the tube and in two directions perpendicular thereto must be performed.
- the latter is connected with the tube neck 13 by means of the sleeve 16 with clamp 17, and with the funnel sections 12 by means of shims 66.
- Errors which can be influenced both by the magnetic ring 19 and by the deflection system 15 can be eliminated only if a tube of the type described here is used, i.e., if the magnetic ring 19 is not covered by the deflection system 15, and if the magnetization and positioning of the deflection system can be performed simultaneously and independent of each other on an adjusting apparatus of the kind described.
Abstract
Description
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3123298 | 1981-06-12 | ||
DE19813123298 DE3123298A1 (en) | 1981-06-12 | 1981-06-12 | CATHODE RAY TUBES WITH MAGNETIC RING |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US4591755A true US4591755A (en) | 1986-05-27 |
Family
ID=6134523
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/380,792 Expired - Fee Related US4591755A (en) | 1981-06-12 | 1982-05-21 | Cathode-ray tube with magnetic ring |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4591755A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0068182B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5814450A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1194076A (en) |
DE (2) | DE3123298A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4801843A (en) * | 1985-03-20 | 1989-01-31 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Display tube with magnetic correction elements |
US4833364A (en) * | 1984-04-04 | 1989-05-23 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Electron gun for color picture tubes having uniquely formed lens apertures |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3992578A (en) * | 1976-01-08 | 1976-11-16 | General Instrument Of Canada Ltd. | Yoke mounting apparatus |
US4370593A (en) * | 1980-12-30 | 1983-01-25 | Rca Corporation | In-line electron gun and method for modifying the same |
US4377767A (en) * | 1980-01-30 | 1983-03-22 | International Standard Electric Corporation | Device for adjusting the electron beams of a color-picture tube |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2612607C3 (en) * | 1976-03-25 | 1984-01-12 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | Static convergence correction device in color television picture display tubes |
US4396862A (en) * | 1978-05-01 | 1983-08-02 | Rca Corporation | Color picture tube with means for affecting magnetic deflection fields in electron gun area |
DE2924949A1 (en) * | 1979-06-21 | 1981-01-15 | Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag | DEVICE FOR ADJUSTING THE DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM OF A COLOR IMAGE TUBE |
-
1981
- 1981-06-12 DE DE19813123298 patent/DE3123298A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1982
- 1982-05-21 US US06/380,792 patent/US4591755A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1982-06-05 EP EP82104948A patent/EP0068182B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-06-05 DE DE8282104948T patent/DE3267668D1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-06-11 JP JP57099418A patent/JPS5814450A/en active Pending
- 1982-06-11 CA CA000405018A patent/CA1194076A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3992578A (en) * | 1976-01-08 | 1976-11-16 | General Instrument Of Canada Ltd. | Yoke mounting apparatus |
US4377767A (en) * | 1980-01-30 | 1983-03-22 | International Standard Electric Corporation | Device for adjusting the electron beams of a color-picture tube |
US4370593A (en) * | 1980-12-30 | 1983-01-25 | Rca Corporation | In-line electron gun and method for modifying the same |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4833364A (en) * | 1984-04-04 | 1989-05-23 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Electron gun for color picture tubes having uniquely formed lens apertures |
US4801843A (en) * | 1985-03-20 | 1989-01-31 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Display tube with magnetic correction elements |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5814450A (en) | 1983-01-27 |
DE3267668D1 (en) | 1986-01-09 |
DE3123298A1 (en) | 1983-01-05 |
EP0068182A1 (en) | 1983-01-05 |
EP0068182B1 (en) | 1985-11-27 |
CA1194076A (en) | 1985-09-24 |
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Owner name: NOKIA GRAETZ GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRANKTER HAFTUNG Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:ALCATEL N.V.;REEL/FRAME:004998/0812 Effective date: 19880913 Owner name: NOKIA GRAETZ GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRANKTER HAFTUNG Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ALCATEL N.V.;REEL/FRAME:004998/0812 Effective date: 19880913 |
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