US456816A

US456816A - Horse-detacher

Info

Publication number: US456816A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1891-07-28
Anticipated expiration: 1908-07-28

Description

(No Model.)

r E. HAYS.

HORSE DETAGHER'. v

Patented July 28, 1891.

FIGI.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELIJAH HAYS, OF VARSAV, INDIANA.

HORSE-DETACHER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 456,816, dated July 28, 1891.

Application filed January 17, 1891. lSerial No. 378,147. (No model.)

in the art to which they appertain to make and use the same.

My invention has relation to that class of devices by means of which horses maybe detached from vehicles by the occupants thereof in case of a runaway or other accident; and

the object of my invention is to provide a simpler, more economical, and at the same time more effective device than has heretofore been constructed for this purpose.

To this end my invention consists, principally, of' constructing whiiiletrees and holdbacks with compressed-air cylinders, in which suitable pistons operate to control the whifiietree and holdback-hooks.

My invention consists of other features of novelty, which will be hereinafter fully set forth with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In said drawings, Figure I is a plan View of a portion ot' a vehicle with my improvements applied thereto. Fig. II is a rear elevation of the singletree. Fig. III is a longitudinal section of the same, taken on the line III III ot` Fig. II. Fig. IV is a longitudinal section of' the holdback, taken on the line IV IV of Fig. I'.

Like letters of reference indicate the same parts throughout the several views.

A represents the body, B the shafts, and C the wheels, of the front portion of a vehicle.

D is the whiifletree, centrally pivoted at d to the cross-piece Z) of the shafts in the customary manner. The whiffletree is constructed of a metallic cylindrical piece having a smooth central bore, screw-caps D', fitted to the ends and having perforations d', and keepers D2, attached to the caps and provided with perforations cl2.

E are pistons tightly fitting the bore of the Whiffietree D on both sides of its center and adapted to move inwardly and outwardly a short distance.

F are rods attached to the pistons E and projecting through the perforations d in the screw-caps D and the perforations cl2 in the keepers D2.

In the center of the tubular whifiietree between the two pistons E is confined a body of compressed air which tends to thrust both pistons with their rods outwardly and consequently keeps the ends of the rods normally projecting from the ends ofthe whiffietree and engaging the perforated keepers. The ends of the tugs are confined on the projecting rods between the ends of the whiffletree and the keepers. Near the outer ends of the Whiffietree are slots g.

G are lugs or thumb-pieces screwed into or otherwise attached to the rods F and operating in the slots 4g for the double purpose of' limiting the inward and outward movements of the rods and operating them against the action of the confined cushion'of compressed air. The inward movement of these thumbpieces will retract the projecting ends of the rods F and release the tugs, and when released the compressed air will force them to their normal positions.

For an automatically-releasing holdback I construct a device as follows: Il is a casting formed with a base-plate suitably perforated at its ends for the reception of screws, a holdback-hook H', and a cylindrical portion The hook Il has a beveled edge 7i for the purpose presently to be explained. The cylindrical portion I-I2 has a smooth central bore extending from end to end and provided with a screw-plug h2 at the end farthest from the hook I-I. K is a piston snugly fitting the bore of the cylindrical portion H2 and having attached thereto by a rod or other means an inclined retaining-finger L, which is adapted to normally rest against the beveled edge 7L of the holdback-hook. The hollow cylindrical portion between the screw-plug and the piston K is filled with compressed air, which acts on said piston to keep the parts in proper position. 7a is a slot cut in the forward end of the cylinder, through which operates a IOO thumb-piece 7c to actuate the linger-piece and piston nagainst the action of the compressed air. One of these holdbacks is secured to each shaft. Under ordinary circumstances the rings of the holdback-straps are retained on the hooks Il by the inclined fingers L; but when the traces are released and the horse starts forward the rings will ixnpinge against the inclined bearing-faces of the fingers L, which will force said fingers away from the holdback-hooks against the action of the compressed air and thereby release said rings from the holdbacks.

The above construction of whiffletree and holdbaeks is sufficient for ordinary use.

Vhen it is desired to employ the improvements as a safety device for detaching a horse by the occupant of the vehicle,it is only necessary to provide suitable means whereby the devices already described can be operated from the vehicle. I prefer the following arrangement: To one side of the center of the whiffletree D are secured side by side two metal bands or straps M, provided with antifriction rollers m. N and N are cords or cables, one ot' which is attached to each of the lugs Gr, and then passed under the anti-friction rollers fm, and back to the vehicle, where it can be attached to any suitable operating device.

It is obvious that the principles of my invention could be readily applied to a doubletree by merely adding an additional pulley between the two singletrees.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

l. The combination of the tubular whiiiietree, pistons in said Whiffletree, rods carried by said pistons, and a confined body of air between said pistons, for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of the tubular whi'liietree with a smooth longitudinal bore therethrough, pistons adapted to fit snugly in said whifiietree, rods carried by said pistons and adapted to engage the ends of the tugs, and a confined body of air between the pistons for keeping the rods thrust outward, for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination ot' the tubular whiiiietree, pistons in said Whiffletree, rods carried by said pistons, a confined body of air between said pistons for thrusting the rods out- Ward, and means for drawing the rods inward, for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination of a tubular whiffletree, pistons in said whiffletree, rods for engaging the tugs and actuated by the pistons, a confined body of air between the pistons, slots g in the whiffletree, andlugs G, attached to the rods, for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination of a tubular whifiietree provided with piston-rods and a confined body of air for the purpose set forth, with the thills and an automatically operating holdback, substantially as herein set forth.

G. The combination ot a tubular whiffletree provided with rods and pistons, and a confined body ofl air for operating the rods with the thills, a holdback provided with a hook, a tubular portion, a piston carrying the retainingfinger, and a confined body of air for operating the finger, substantially as herein set forth.

7. In a holdback, the combination of the hook and cylindrical portion, a piston working` in said cylindrical portion, a retaininginger attached to said piston, and a confined body of air, for the purpose set forth.

'ELIJAH HAYS. Witnesses:

A. G. Woon, F. E. Bowsnn..