US455684A

US455684A - fritsch

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Publication number: US455684A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1891-07-07
Anticipated expiration: 1908-07-07

Description

(NoModel.) heats-sheet 1.

W. PRITSGH.

` COKE OVEN.

No. 455,684. Patented July 7,1891.

ru: cams PETERS om, vuoto-umol, wAsnmawN, n. c4'

(No Mdel.) 2 sheets-sheet 2..

W. PRINCE. OKB QVEN.' No. 455,684. Patented July '7, 1891.

...w @RN `UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

vWILHELM FRITSCH, OF. ZABORZE, GERMANY.

GQKE-OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 455,684, dated July '7, 1891.

Application filed February 8, 1890l Serial No.

389,688. (No model.) Patented in England August 24, 1389, No. 13,390; in Belgium August 24| 1889, No. 87,492; in France August 24,1889, No. 200,895; in Germany August 24, 1889,1T0.52,134, and in Austria- Hungary March 27, 1890, No. 36,965 and No. 8,623.

To all whom .it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILHELM FRITsoH, inspectorof coke-ovens, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at Zaborze, Upper Silesia, in the Kingdom of Prussia and Empire of Germany, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Coke-Ovens, (for which I have received Letters Patent in Great Britain, No. 13,390, dated August 24, 1889; in Belgium August 24, 1889, No. 87,492; in France August 24, 1889, No. 200,395: in Germany August 21, 1889, No. 52,134, and in Austria -Hungary March 27, 1890, No. 36,905 and No. 8,623;) and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part ofthis specification. i

Referring to the accompanying' drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal vertical section through one of the combustion-chambers of the oven. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of a portion of the oven online :r :c of Fig. l; and Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section of a portion of the oven on line yy of said Fig. l, the receiver b being omitted therefrom. Figs. 4 and 5 are sections taken, respectively, on lines e' z and a" z of Fig. 1, the escape-pipe being broken away.

The means heretofore employed for heating horizontal coke-ovens by means of the waste gases, and more especially when the said waste-gases have been more or less cooled in the extraction therefrom of by-products and by means of air which is preheated and then conducted to the combustion-ehambers, are defective, in that the supply of air necessary to support combustion cannot be regulated so as to uniformly heat all the @cking-chambers. In consequence of this some of the coking-chambers become too cold,while others are heated too much. Vith a View to remedying this defect it has been the practice to admit a portion only of the escaping gases to the combustion-chambers. Under these circumstances the liability to undue cooling,

which leads to the product-ion of bad coke, is

increased. On the other hand, in many cokeovens it is impossible to regulate the supply of air, theheated air beingconducted through subdivided channels to the combustion-cham bers.

The object of this inventionis to remedy the defects referred to; and to this end the invention consists in structural features, as will now be fully described.

The supply ot' heated air admitted to the combustion-chamberso1 is regulated in the following manner: An air-heating space k is arranged below each of the coking-chambers p, and partition-walls q on opposite sides of flues r formed under said chambersp, through which tlues flow the escaping products of combustion that serve to heat the floors u of the coking-chambersp, Figs. 8, 4, and 5. The airupon leaving the air-heating space is caused to flow in a contrary direction to the gases, and is Vthen admitted to the combustion-chambers r through a number of openings o o2 os olof appropriate areas. Thelargest opening o'l is situated at the point where the gases enter the combustion-chambers, and the volume of such air admittedvto the latter chambers is regulated by means of a damper n. In the improved oven the combustion is thus under control in all the combustionchambers. A

Then th'e byproducts are to' be extracted from the material under treatment, the gases are conducted in the ordinary manner from the coking-chambers p through pipes, such as a., into a receiver, such as b, and thence to the condensing-vessel, whence, after being freed from tar and ammonia, they are led through suitable pipes cback to the oven and admitted at the outer end of the combustion-chambers through pipes (l. If the coking-chambers in one part of the oven happen to becometoo cold, or itis not desired to extract the luy-products, the gases are admitted directly from the coking-chambers p through openings a: thence into the desired combustion chamber or chambers r through an opening the area of which can also be regulated by means of a suitable damper e. The combustion-chambers r are provided with vertical baffle-walls i-nto chambers w, and

`hereinbefore referred to, said dues 'u leading to a main flue F, common to all the combustion-chambers. The gases after they reach the main ue F may be used for raising steamA or heating air. The air requiredl for supporting combustion is supplied by a blowery and enters the oven through a side channel or channels g. It is conducted thence to a cen tral channel 71wh ence it is distributed th rough small inclined passages t' to the vseveral airheating chambers 7c. Thelatter contain horizontal baffle-walls l, which cause the air while being heated to How through the spaces m in both directions along the side walls and afterward in a direct-ion contrary to that of the gases along the door 'of the combustionchambers r.

In the iioor of each combustion-chamber are formed the series of air-passages o4 o3 o2 o', hereinbefore referred to, and leading to the air-heating chambers below said floors. The area of the said passages ol o3 o2 o is gradually reduced in the order named. The largest passage ol is nearest to the outer and the smallest passage 0 nearest to the inner end of the combustion-chamber. As previously stated, the largest passage o4 is controlled by a damper n, which when fully open permits the greater portion of the heated air to tiow into that part of the combustion-chamber situated between the end wall Yof the oven and the rst battle-wall s and at the point where the gases enter, intense combustion of the gases under such circumstances taking place at that point. Proportionate quantities of air are admitted through the other openings o3 o2 o', the air passing through the smallest opening o serving to effect the complete combustion of the gases. The more the damper n is closed the more air passes through the passages o3 o2 o', the combustion being rendered correspondingly more intense toward the inner end of the combustion-chamber. By these means the heat in the oven may be easily controlled, the coking-chambers p being in consequence heated uniformly over their whole extent.

In an oven constructed as above described the flow of the gas, the heated air, and the products of combustion cannot become obstructed, so that a portionof the oven will become cold; neither can the heat become too intense at any particular point, while the heat is, moreover, controlled in the simplest possible manner by means of a single damper in .respect of eachv air-heating chamber.

Having described my invention, what I by Letters Pat claim, and desire to secure ent, is-

l. The improvement in coke-ovens, which consists in a plurality of parallel vertical coking-chambers, a combustion-chamber interposed between each two coking-chambers, an air-heating fluearranged immediately under the sole of each combustion-chamber, and a iiue for the escape of the products of combustion interposed between said air-heating flues and arranged. Vi inmediately under the sole of the coking-chambers, and suitable connec- 'tions between the conibustion-chamber, the

air-heating fines, and the flues for the escape of the products of combustion, respectively, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The improvement in coke-ovens, which consists in a plurality of parallel vertical cok-v ing-chambers, a combustion-chamber interposed between each two coking-chambers, an air-heating flue arranged immediately under the sole of each coinbustioirchainber, and a flue for the escape of the products of combustion interposed between said air-heating ues and arranged immediately Linder the sole of the coking-chambers, and suitable connections between the combustion-chamber, the air-heating` fines, and the tlues for the escape of the products of combustion, respectively, in combination with dampers ad-apted to control the volume of air supplied to the combustion-chambers, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

' 3. The improvementin coke-ovens, which consists in a plurality of vertical parallel coking-chambers, a combustion-chamber interposed between each two coking-chambers` an air-heating flue arranged immediately under the sole ofthe coinbiistiomchainbei's and provided with a plurality of air-escape ports of different area opening into the combustionchamber at different points,a damper for the air-port of greatest area, and hues for the escape of the products of combustion interposed between the air-heating flues immediately under the sole of the coking-chambers and in communication with the combustionchambers, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. ,u A

4. The improvement in coke-ovens, which consists in a plurality of vertical parallel coking-chambers, a combustion-chamber interposed between each two coking-chambers, a flue for the escape of the products of combustion immediately under the sole of each coking chamber and communicating with the combustion-chamber thereof, air-inlet ports formed in the sole of said combustion-chainber at different points, said ports increasing in area, the port of greatest area being 1ocated farthest from the outlet for the products of combustion, an air-due immediately below each combustion-chamber and communicating therewith through said ports, and a damper for the air-inlet port of greatest area, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The improvement in coke-ovens, which consists in the combination, with the coking` chambers and with fines arranged below said chambers for the escape of the products of combustion, of air-heating chambers arranged between the hues of the coking-chambers, a combustion-chamber in communication with IOO IIC

said ues and arranged above the same, a gasconduit connecting the coking-chambers with their respective combustion-chambers,at the outer end and near the roof thereof, and passages arranged to admit the heated air to the combustion-chambers at different points, said passages decreasing in area from the outer to the inner end of the combustion-chamber, and a damper for the outer larger passage, substantially as and for the purposes speoied.

6. The improvement in coke-ovens, which consists in the combination, with the cokingchambers, a combustion-chamber extending between and along` the saine and having partitions to direct the Haine and products of combustion alternately upward and downward, a gas-conduit connecting the cokingchambers with the combustion-chambers at the upper outer end of the latter, and fines in communication with the inner end of the conlbustion-chamber for the escape, of the products of combustion, said dues being located below the eoking-chambers, of an air-heating chamber located below the combustion-chamber, said air-heating` chamber having parti- Y tions to direct the air alternately from the inner to the outer end of the chamber, passages in the fioor ot' the combustion-chamber communicating with the air-heating chamber,v said passages decreasing in area from the outer to the inner end of the combustionchainber, and a damper for the larger passage of the series, substantially as and for the purposes specified. n

7. The improvement in coke-ovens, which consists in the combination, with the cokingchambers, the luesbelow said chambers for the escape of the products of combustion, and airheatiug chambers arranged 011 opposite sides of said fines, of a combustion-chamber arranged above the air-heating chambers and' in communication therewith Vby portsr in the door thereof, a gas-admission port in the outer end of the combustion-chamber, a gas-chamber above the vcombustion-charnber and in communication therewith by a valved port,y and connections between the gas-chambers and the'coking-chambers, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

. In testimony whereof I afx my signature in presence of two witnesses.

- VILHELM FRTSCH.

Witnesses:

T. VOLLNER, B.Y BRoEDEuDER..