US454264A - Hot-air furnace - Google Patents

Description

4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

`(No Model.)

J. EVANS. HOT AIR FURNACE.

Patented June l16, 1891.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. EVANS.

HOT AIR FURNAGE.

11a/154,264. Patented June 16,1891.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

.Lanus HOT AIR FURNAGE.

No. 454,264. :Patented June 16, 1891.

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(No Model.)

, J. EVANS.

HOT AIR PURNAGE.

No. 454,264. Patented June 16, 1891.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN EVANS, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

HOT-AIR FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 454,264, dated June 16, 1891.

Application filed April 14, 1890. Serial No. 347,784. (No model.)

To @ZZ wwnt t mag/concern:

Beit known that I, JOHN EVANS, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Philadelphia, in the county of PhiladelphiaJ and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hot- Air Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a heating or hot-air furnace in which the internal construction is such as to permit of downward and upward drafts *for obtaining a maximum amount of heat from the employment of a minimum quantity of fuel.

The principal objects of my invention are, first, to provide a heating or hot-air furnace of comparatively simple construction and in which the arrangement of the internal parts thereof are such as to permit by the downward and upward drafts a much more thorough or complete heating of the air circulating therethrough; second, to provide a heating or hotfair furnace in which the internal parts and pipes or conduits thereof can be readily caused to assume their proper positionswith relation to each other therein and removed therefrom for repairs or otherwise with the least possible trouble and consumption of time, and with internal chambers so arranged as to be read-ily and effectually cleaned of extraneous matter without taking the furnace entirely'apart, whereby is presented an economical and effective hot-air furnace for heating purposes.

My invention therefore consists of a hotair furnace constructed and the several internal parts thereof arranged and adapted for operation substantially in the manner hereinafter described.

The particular characteristic features of the invention will be more fully understood from the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof, and in which- Figure l is a sectional elevation of a furnace embodying the features of my invention on the line l l of Fig. 4. Fig. 2 is a similar view on the line 2 2 of Fig. 4. Fig. 3 is avertical sectional view on the line 3 3 of Fig. 4, and Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view on the line 4 4 of Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawings, A is an air-receiving chamber of the furnace, provided with a base-plate am and a surrounding wall or casing a, and on the top of which Wall or casing is mounted a suitable plate a. IVithin this air-chamber is located the ash-pit A.

The plate a is provided with a central fire-pot opening a, segmentalv or other suitable openings c, and flanges or shoulders a3.

B is the fire-pot, which maybe of any suit able form, but preferably provided with an inner flaring or rounded mouth l) at the upper eXtremital part thereof, and against the surface of which and supported thereby is an annular plate C, having the inner surface c thereof inclined from the top c to the mouth or opening of the pot B, in order that ash or other extraneous matter may be directed backward or fall by gravity into the fire-pot B.

The plate C has a depending peripheral flange c2 with an outer shoulder cw, and in the inclined or sloping surface c of the plate O are provided in any preferred manner a series of pipe-apertures c3. At 'the bottom surface or edge of the plate C is provided an inwardly-projecting iiange or shoulder c4, upon which rests the lower ends of the air-pipes The pipes c5 are of a less diameter than the openings c3 in the plate O, in order that a space may be left between these openings cg and the ends of the pipes c5 for receiving cement, sand, or other suitable packing to form a tight joint between said parts Without offering any appreciable resistance to the removal of the pipes c5 for repairs or otherwise.

D is an annular plate preferably disposed above the top plate d of the airreceiving chamber A and supported in position by suitable posts or columns d, as shown in Fig. 1.' This plate D is provided with a central aperture d10 and with an inner bottom flange or shoulder d. and an outer downwardly-inclined surface or side d2, terminating in an edge or rim cl3, and which, if preferred, may have an outer shoulder or fiange d4. The inclined surface or rim (Z2 of the plate D is provided with a series of pipe-openings dwith inner ian'ges or shoulders d6 at the base thereof. and the said openings are of larger diameter than the pipes dl, resting on the shoulders or flanges d, in order that sand, cement, or other suitable packing may be introduced between them for insuring tight j oints thereat. These joints will ICO become packed in the use of the furnace by the fallin g and lodgingof fineash or other extraneous matter therein, and thus insure gas-tight joints between and around about the same. A ring or other suitable device E, preferably provided at intervals with wings or flanges c, is loosely mounted on the surface oredge di of the plate D, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 4, for a purpose to be hereinafter fully described. Upon the shoulder d of the plate D is mounted acasin g or j acketF, packed or otherwise sealed thereto in any preferred manner. This casing or jacket F extends vertically to near the plate II of the heater and surrounds the pipes c5 of the inclined surface-plate C, mounted on and supported by the upper part of the lirepot B, as shown, for instance, in Figs. l and 2. The plate II is provided with openings 7L, through which are introduced the pipes c5 and (Z7. The plate II is provided with rings or flanges h' of a diameter greater' than the pipes extending through the openings h, in order to provide an annular space between the pipes and flanges or rings for the reception of cement, sand, or other preferred packing.

The top plate II is preferablyprovided with an outer flanged edge, as shown, in order to insure suitable bearing-surface for the jacket or casing I, by which said plate Il is supported by means of a head t', preferably formed integral with said casing I and so arranged as that the plate ll may be readily removed from contact therewith.

The top plate II may, if preferred, be constructed or provided with a central superheating-chamber h2, disposed above the same, but having the wall thereof preferably formed integral therewith and the said chamber so disposed as a part of the plate II as to be within the hot-air drum K. The casin g I, surrounding the jacket F, rests upon the other edge or shoulder dl of the plate D. The casing I is surrounded by an outer metallic casing or shell L, mounted on and supported by the top plate a of the wall of the air-receiving chamber A in any preferred manner. Upon the top of the casing or shell L is supported a ring which holds the hot-air drum K in position with its hot-air outlets 7c and 7c The said ring I is provided with an inner bearinglange I. and an outer curved or annular flange l2 to allowA of the introduction of cement, sand, or other suitable packing material, to insure a tight joint between said ring l and the bottom of the drum K.

Q is a funnel or other shaped casting secured to the walls of the casings L and I.

q is a tube or other shaped casting provided with an outer door q', and the said tubular casting extending beyond the jacket F and flanged at Q3 thereto, and the said parts forming the means for introducing fuel into the furnace or lire-pot B.

Around the ash-pit A and within the airreceiving chamber A are mounted longitudinal smoke-pipes m and m', such as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and -l-, which are connected with a transverse conduit m2 at the back of the ash-pit or chamber A. These pipes on. and m are connected by short pipes m3 and socket or flanged openings on" in the plate D with an annular space or chamber I, formed between the casing or jacket F and casing I, in order to convey smoke and the products of combustion from said space or chamber' I to the pipes m, m', and m. From the pipe m2 is led a pipe or conduit 11, which is extended to the chimney or the outlet-pipe n2, and is surrounded by a cold-air conduit yn,n1ounted on and supported in position by the air-receiving chamber top plate a and extending to and beyond the upper extremity of said pipe fn., as clearly shown in Fig. l. The pipe 'a merges with a transverse conduit n2, extending through an opening provided in the upper portion of the casings I and L, Fig. l, and in this conduit n2, preferably between its connection with the casing I and the vertical pipe n.2, is interposed a damper ln.3 of any preferred construction.

Both ends of `the pipe or conduit 'm2 and the front ends of the pipes m and m are provided with removable eaps or covers p, and the walls of the ash pit or chamber A, in line with the caps or covers p, are provided with openings p and doors pi to permit of access being had to said caps or covers p for cleann ing out or for other purposes.

In the casing or jacket I, adjacent to the ring or annular plate E, is provided a door p2, for a purpose to be presently explained.

The mode of operation of a furnace of the type hereinbefore described is as follows: A lire is first kindled on the grate W, provided with an arm w, extending beyond the outer shell or casing L and having a vertical operating lever-arm w applied thereto, and the products of combustion from the lire-pot lz are conducted directly into the chimney by opening the damper 0r. After the fire has been kindled the damper n3 is then closed and the products of combustion from the firepot l first act upon the pipes c5, Ainclosed by the jacket F, when the heat is imparted to the top plate II and then to thc annular space or chamber I', formed between the jacket F and the casing I, thereby heating up the pipes d? and the casing I. The products of combustion then pass to and through the pipes or conduits m, thence to the pipes nl., m', and m2 to the pipe n, and through the pipe n2 to the chimney. The cold air entering the conduit ln. is warmed by the smoke-pipe n, and the air then passes into the air-receiving chamber A', surrounding the pipes m2, m, and m', and then passes upward in proximity to the lire-pot Band the smoke space or cham ber I', then passing through the pipes c5 d? andthe annular space or chamber formed between the smoke-casing I and outer shell or casing L, and thence continuing upward into the hot-air drum K, and thence led olf through the conduits 7c and k' for use. The providing of sockeeopenings c in the annu- IOO IIO

position in the erection of the furnace or removed for cleaning out the furnace or other required purposes and replaced with facility and comparatively little labor.

As the pipes c5 and d7 are angeless and do not support any of the plates or'other parts of the heater, they are free to expand, and as the sand or other seals used in or at their joints with the plates and rings C, D, and II directly contacts with the' pipes said joints are not broken, but pack Vthe harder as the pipes expand.

VThe use of the liangeless pipes c"l and their above-described joint connections with the ring C and plate H admits of withdrawal of said pipes when worn out through the firebox by first raising the pipes out of the sockets c3, then moving their lower ends laterally toward the tire-box center, and at the same time moving or drawing them downwardly until their upper ends may be disengaged from the openings in the plate H. By simply reversing the above-described action new pipes c5 may be readily inserted in position without dismantling any of the parts of the heater, a feature which is especially desirable in the present form of heater, as said pipes are directly exposed to the flames, and hence rapidly deteriorate as a matter of fact.

It will be observed from ,thel foregoing explanations that the construction and arrangement of the furnace of my invention are such that the parts can be readily put together and likewise taken apart with facility for the required purpose. Moreover, that the internal construction andfarrangement of the parts of the furnace are such that in use any ash or other extraneous matter accumulating on the plate D by reason of the inclined surface thereof will be detached and descend by gravity in the direction of or toward the ring or annular plate E, and by simply opening the door p2 and rotating the plate or ring around and around the ribs orlateral liangesethereof in the rotation will cause such ash or extraneousmatter to be presented at the door for removal, or is adapted to permit of the movement of the same toward the openings m4 of the pipes to dump the same into the pipes m and fm', from which the ash may be removed by a scratcher or other suitable device. The superheating-chamber h2 of the top plate H being directly in line with and located above the fire-pot B, a greater heating-surface is thereby insured and the air in the drum K is subject to the direct as well as the indirect heat Vof the furnace.

It will be obvious that as to minor details of construction and arrangement of parts of the furnace modicatio'ns maybe made without departing` from the spirit of the present invention.

Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In combination, a hot-air furnace `provided with a lire-pot having a tapering ring provided with a series of holes, a series of air-pipes mounted on said ring and extending into an air-drum, a jacket surrounding said pipes and supported by a sloping-surfaced ring provided with a series of apertures, a second series of air-pipes mounted on the last-mentioned ring and extending into said air-drum, a jacket surrounding the latter airpipes, and an outer casing supporting the airdruni, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. In combination, a hot-air furnace provided witha fire-pot, a series of pipes supported thereon and communicating with an air-receiving chamber, an air-drum, a jacket surrounding said pipes and extending below the top of said fire-pot, a ring supporting said jacket, and a series of pipes communicating with said air-receiving chamber and drum, a casing surrounding said series of pipes, and an outer shell, substantially as and for the purposes described.

-In combination, a hot-air furnace provided with a fire-pot, anl air-drum, an air-receiving chamber, a series of air-pipes mounted on the fire-pot and communicating with the air-receiving chamber and drum, a ring located below the top of said fire-pot and supporting a second series of air-pipes, and a double casing for conducting the products of combustion from said tire-pot to and through smoke-pipes leading to the chimney and an outer surrounding shell, substantially as and for the purposes described.

4. In a hot-air furnace, an air-drum, an airreceiving chamber, an ash-pit located in the air-receiving chamber, an air-conduit leading to the air-receiving chamber, and within which is mounted a smoke-pipe communicating with the chimney and with a branch smoke-conduit, a smoke-chamber having the walls thereof supported on a ring, a series of air-pipes communicating with the air-receiving chamber and drum and supported on said ring, a fire-pot, a second series of air-pipes located on top of the fire-pot and communicating with the air-receiving chamber and drum, and an annular air-chamber, substantially as and for the purposes described.

5. In combination, a hot-air furnace provided with an ash-pit located in an air-receiving chamber, a smoke-pipe mounted therein, an annular smoke-chamber supported on a ring above the air-receiving chamber and communicating with said smoke -pipe and comb ustion-chamber, an outer shell surrounding said smoke-chamber and forming an annular air-space, a series of air-pipes located within said annular smoke-chamber and supported by said ring, and another series of airpipes located within the combustion-cham- IOO IIO

ber and commnnicatin g with the aii.receiving chamber and air-drum, substantially as and for the purposes described.

G. In combination, a hot-air furnace grovided with an ash-pit located in an air-receiving chamber, an air-supply pipe having mounted therein a smoke-pipe leading to thc chimney, a branch smoke pipe or conduit located in the receiving-chamber, an air-drum supported by the outer shell of the furnace, two concentric jackets forming` an annular smoke-chamber located between the air-recei ving chamber and the drum and communieating with the combustion chamber and branch smoke-pipe, a series of air-pipes located within the annular smoke-chamber, and another series of pipes supported Within said combuStien-chamber and both series of pipes communicating with said air receiving chamber and drum, substantially as and for the purposes described.

7. In combination, a liet-air furnace pro vided with a lire-pot, a series of air-pipes located thereon, two jackets forming an annular smoke-chamber surrounding the lire-pot and air-pipes, another series of air-pipes located Within said annular smoke-chamber and adapted to be heated by the escaping products of combustion, an outer shell surrounding the smoke-chamber and forming an annular air-space, and an air-receiving chamber and an air-drum communicating with each other by said air-pipes and annulai` air-space, substantially as and for the purposes described.

S. In a hot-air furnace, the combination of an annular smoke-chamber having an inclined bottom provided with openings adapted to convey away accumulating extraneous matter from said chamber, and a ring rotatable on said bottom and provided with laterally-projecting wings or Scrapers adapted to collect said matter and force the same through said openings, substantially as described.

i). In a hotair furnace, au ash-pit and airreceiving chamber having a flanged plate mounted thereon and provided with a flanged central opening, a fire-pot with a contracted mouth mounted on said Aflanged plate and supporting an annular plate having slanting and flanged surfaces and rims and with flanged openings therein, a channel-plate, casings F and I, forming a smoke-chamber, supports mounted on said ash-pit top plate and supporting in position above the base of the fire-pot a channeled plate with an outer rim and edge or shoulder and supporting the said casing-s F and I, a plate Il, with asuperheating chamber 712, forming part thereof, and said plate supported in position against the casing I, llangeless pipes extending from the plates C and D to and through the plate Il, and smoke-pipes n, n', and n2, the latter provided with a damper, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN EVANS.

Witnesses:

FRANK ll. Massai', J, R. MAssEv.

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